Untitled spreadsheet - Sheet2 (1) Flashcards
Carbatina
Sandal made of one piece of leather
Caliga
Boot worn by soldiers
soccus
Shoe with a sole that was not hobnailed; the upper part was separate and made of leather
Mulleus/ calceus patricius
Red shoe with an ivory or silver crescent moon (lunula) worn by curule magistrates (originally worn by patrician’s only)
Anulus
Ring
Armilla
Bracelet
Margarita
Pearl (a woman’s favorite jewelry)
Aluta
Fine leather used to make shoes
Corona convivalis
Crown worn by men at a drinking party put on right before the throwing of the dice (usually made of roses)
Monile/ torquis
Necklace
Pilleus
Conical felt cap worn by laborers and freedmen
Apex
Conical, pointy hat worn by the flamines
Capillamentum
Wig
Subigaculum
Underwear
Petasus/ causia
Broadrimmed, sombrero-like hat of foreign origin
Zona/ cingulum
Gridle worn around the waist
Fasciae
Strips of woolen cloth
Feminalia
Strips worn around the upper leg
Mamillare
Band of soft leather worn under the breast by women (bra)
Strophium
Bra or sash-like band of soft leather worn under the breast
Tibialia
Strips worn around the lower leg
Fibula
Brooch or pin used by women to keep a tunic in place
Instita
Flounce or wide border sewn to lower hem of stola
Focalia
Strips worn around the neck (scarves or ties)
Vittae/ taeniae/ fasciolae
Ribbons
Carbasus
Linen or cotton
Ventralia
Strips worn around the body
Cinctus Gabinus
Way of wearing the toga over the head for religious reasons
Glis/ nitedula
Dormouse- a great delicacy in Ancient Rome
Reticula
Nets
Garum/ liquamen
Fish sauce from sturgeon or mackerel
Vestes sericae
Clothes made of a mixture of linen and silk
Oleum (olivum)
Olive oil
Pultiphagonidae
Porridge eaters (according to Plautus)
Aqua
Water
Mustum
Grape juice
Puls
Porridge- mushed far with water
Dolium
Vat-like jar used to ferment mustum into wine
Vanaria cella
Cell for fermenting wine where jars were left uncovered for nine days
Vinum
Wine
Vappa
Tasteless wine/ vinegar
Mulsum
Honeyed wine (four parts wine, one part honey)
Mulsa
Honeyed water (one part honey, two parts water)
Acetum
Vinegar
Ientaculum
Breakfast
Meridiatio
Midday siesta
Cena
Dinner
Gustatio/ promulsis/ gustus/ antecena
Appetizer
Fercula
Main course
Prandium
Lunch
Secunda mensa
Dessert
Convivium
Banquet/ drinking party
Comissatio/ compotatio
Drinking party
Symposium
Greek for “a drinking together”
Merenda/ vesperna
Supper
Convivium tempestivum
Early and long banquet (began before the 9th hour)
Umbrae
Unwelcomed guests
Circus
Circle, ring
Ludi circenses
Chariot races
Factiones
Chariot companies/ factions
Porta pompae
Starting gate
Naumachiae
Mock naval battles
Colesseum/ coliseum
Flavian Ampitheater
Oppidum
Exterior part of the building composed of towers and barriers
Carceres
Prisons- starting gates- like stables where the chariot drivers waiting for the race to begin
Porta triumphalis
Ending gate
Spinae
Backbone- the center part of the circus
Metae
Pillars or turning posts
Ova et delphini
Eggs and dolphins marble in those shapes to count laps
Podium
Marble platform- boxes for use by magistrates
Auriga/ agitator
Chariotdriver (usually a freedman or slave)
Pompa circernsis
Circus procession for magistrates
Munera gladiatoria
Gladiator fights
Venationes
Beast hunts
Sagina gladiatorial
Special food for gladiators
Rudis
Wooden training sword given to gladiator
Caveae
Banks of rows
Infima/ ima cavea
First five rows
Media cavea
Next twelve rows
Summa cavea
Highest eighteen rows
Porta Libitinensis
Narrow passage for carrying the dead
Bisellia
Seats of honor for members of city council
Podium
Two or three rows of parble thrones
Maenianum 1
Fourteen rows of equestrians
Maenianum 2
For ordinary citizens
Maenianum 3
Pillars- lowers classes, foreigners, and slaves
Gladiatorii
Gladiators
Retiarius
Fought with a net (rete) and trident (fuscina)
Andabata
Fought blindfolded
Murmillo/ mirrmillo
Had a helmet with a fish crest
Essedarius
Fought in a war chariot
Bestiarius
Fought wild animals
Tiro
Rookie gladiator
Dimachaerus
Fought with two daggers
Loqueator
Fought with a lasso
Actoratus
Volunteer gladiator
Thrax (Thracian)
Had a short shield (parma) and grieves on both legs
Samnite
Had thick sleeves on the right arm (manicae), greaves on his left leg, and a visored helmet
Hoplomachi
Samnites often pinned against Thracians
Secutores
Samnites often pinned against retiarii
Palus primus
First sword- highest ranked gladiator
Palus secundus
Second sword- next highest ranked gladiator
Missus
Spared gladiator
Lanista/ doctor
Gladiator trainer
Cena libera
Banquet for gladiators day before exhibition
Prolusio
Sham combat with blunt weapons that began the show
Balneum
Public bath (plural balneae)
Thermae
Largest type of baths that had the features of the Greek gymnasia
Balneaticum
Bath fee collected by the manager (conductor)
Suspensura/ hypocaustum
Second floor of the furnace that carried up heat from above
Testudo
Metal heater used to heat water in the baths
Alveus
Belly- hot water tank
Labrum/ solium
Basin of metal for douche
Capsarius
Slave who rubbed oil, scraped it off, and handed the bather his towel
Apodyterium
Dressing room
Tepidarium
Warm-watered room
Caldarium
Hot-watered room
Frigidarium
Cold-watered room
Unctorium
Rub down and oil room
Laconicum/ sudatorium
Sweat room
Destrictarium
Body scraper room
Strigil
Tool used to scrape the body
Palaestra
Excerise courtyard (mainly for boxers and wrestlers)
Gymnasium
Training yard for athletes in general
Natatio
Large swimming pool open to the sky and surrounded by porticos
Piscina
Small fish pond or pool
Exedra
Pavilion for sitting
Stadium
Running track
Scholae
Halls for traveling lectures
Bibiotheca
Library
Amanuensis/ librarius
Secretary
Argentarius
Banker
Carnifex
Butcher
Caupo
Innkeeper
Chirurgus
Surgeon
Discobolus
Discus thrower
Fullo
Fuller, laundry man
Insularius
Custodian of an apartment house (insula)
Leno
Pimp- sold female slaves for immoral purposes
Mango
Wholesale dealer- seller of slaves
Metator
Surveyer
Nuntius
Messenger
Nutrix
Nurse
Pictor
Painter
Piscator
Fisher
Pistor/ pisitor
Bread baker- crushed spelt into puls
Corpus/ collegium
Guild of bread bakers
Prima rudis
Fencing master
Publicanus
Tax collector
Scriba
Scribe
Sutor
Shoe maker
Tabellarius
Mailman
Tonsor
Barber
Topiarius
Ornamental gardener- hedge trimmer and ivy grower
Vigiles
Watchmen, firemen, policemen
Pomerium
Boundary line for city of Rome within which no one could be buried
Cenotaphium
Empty tomb
Sepulcrum
Room inclosed in a building for burying the dead
Columbarium
Dove cote/ pigeon house- a family tomb that has many inside
Curatores
Trustees who erected the columbarium
Sarcophagus
A sarcophagus on a podium for dead bodies
Laudatio
Funeral oration given in the forum by a public authority
Alieno iuri subiectus
Dependent
Sacra gentilicia
Religious services of the gens
Cara cognatio
22nd of February
Ius osculi
Right to kiss- persons within the sixth degree of familial relation have this
Sacra familiaria
Religious services of the family
Adoptio
Adoption of a filius familias or son
Adrogatio
Adoption of a pater familias
Patrimonium profundere
To prove untrue to a pater familias’s trust
Dominica potestas
Power of pater familias over slaves and inanimate objects
Earnest appeals
Nomen (with praenomen or mi)
Appius
Name brought to Rome by the Claudii
Silvius Aeneas
First of the Silvii- named so because he was born in a forest
Lucius
Lux- name given to son born during the day
Manius
Mane- name given to son born in the morning
Tullus
Tollere
Servius
Servare
Gaius
Gaudere
Marcus/ Mamercus
Mars
Exta
Flesh furnished for banquets that consisted
Seafood
Piscis (fish)
Tyrotarichus
Salt fish (tarichos), eggs and cheese (or spices)
Mullus
Mullet fish
Rhombos
Turbot
Ostreae
Oysters
Acipenser
A kind of sturgeon
Asellus
Cod
Lupus
Pike
Thunnus
Tunny-fish
Muria
Fish sauce from tunny-fish or any kind of brine
Allex
Residue from the making of the fish sauce or cheap home made fish sauce from common fish given to slaves
Mola
Mill (trapetum- a more elaborate type of mola)
Meta
Lower millstone
Catillus
Upper millstone
Torcular/preculum
Press used to make the olives
Amurca
Dark and bitter liquid composed of the impurities removed from the pressing of the olive used as fertilizer
First pressing
Olive oil used for cosmetics
Second pressing
Olive oil used for cooking
Third pressing
Olive oil used as fuel for lamps
Epityrum
Preparation of the olive
Panes
(Circular loaves of) bread
Panis siligneus
Best bread made of pure wheat flour
Panis plebeius
Common bread made of coarse flour and/ore bran
Panis castrensis
Army bread
Panis sordidus
Dark bread
Herbae pulmentariae
Pot-herbs (hortus olitorius- vegetable garden)
Lactuca
Lettuce
Brassica
Cabbage
Porrum
Leek
Hordeum
Barley
Caepa
Onion
Pastinaca
Carrot
Radix/rapa/rapum
Turnip
Cardus
Asparagus/ artichoke
Fabae
Beans
Pisum
Pea
Cicer
Chickpea
Cucumis
Cucumber
Melo
Melon
Aves
Birds
Lagopus
White grouse
Scolopax
Snipe
Attagen lonicus
Woodcock
Turdus
Thrush
Perdix
Partridge
Miliaria
Ortolan
Phasianus
Pheasant
Grus/ gruis
Crane
Pavo
Peacock
Potus
Drinks
Sapa/ defrutum/ defritum
Grape jelly/juice, new wine
Posca
Watered down vinegar
Oryza
Rice
Collyra
Pasta
Lycopersicum/ tomata
Tomato
Saccharum
sugar
Arancium
Orange
Banana/ ariera
Banana
Fraga
Strawberries (plural only)
Batus
Raspberry, blackberry
Socolata
Chocolate
Caffeum/ cafea
Coffee
Thea
Tea
Colonus
Tenant farmer
Medica
Alfalfa- rotation of crops
Villa urbana/ pseudourbana
Pleasure estate
Pergula
Framework for growing vines, trellis
Aratrum
Plough- fields were to be ploughed twice
Xystus
Personal garden (with flowers- roses, lilies, and violets)
Hippodromus
Garden for driving or riding
Gestationes
Gardens for walking or being carried in a lectica
Folles
Balls filled with hair, feathers, or air
Trigon
Catch, played with three people and two balls (or as many as possible)
Harpastum
Rugby or football
Latrunculi
Little bandits- chess
Duodecem scripta
Twelve tables- backgammon
Calculi
Checkers
Micatio
Game similar to Italian mora
Tali
Knucklebones of a sheep or goat- five are thrown and caught on the back of the hand like jacks- also used to refer to dice
Tesserae (aleae)
Four sided dice that lacks the numbers 2 and 5
Fritillus
Dice-box from which the dice were thrown
Venus
Highest throw- all different numbers (6, 4, 3, 1)
Senio
Middle throw- six and three others (6,x,x,x)
Vulture
Lowest throw- all the same number (1,1,1,1) (3,3,3,3) (4,4,4,4) (6,6,6,6)
Dogs
Lowest of the vultures- (1,1,1,1)
Munera
Private games
Ludi
Public games
Ludi scaenici
Dramatic performances in a theater
Mimus, -i
M. mime, farce, actor in mime
Pantominus, -i
M. pantomime
Comoediae
Comedies
Tragaediae
Tragedies
Dominus gregis
Manager in producing a play
Grex
Troupe of inferior actors
Ornamenta
Props necessary for a play
Proscaenium
Front line of the stage
Praecinctio
Semicircular passage in the middle of the audience
Vela
Awnings that protected from rain or sun
Iudus Troiae
Mock battle among kids
Iusta facere
To perform funeral rites
Collegium funeraticium/salutarium/iuvenum
A burial society
Cultores (of a certain god which varied)
Members of a funeral collegium
Patronus/-a
Honorary member of a society who had contributed towards the expense of undertaking
Funus acerbum
Bitter funeral- involved no ceremony and was for the death of small children
Funus plabeium
Plebeian funeral that had no public parade
Puticuli
25 foot deep grave pits on the Esquiline hill
Horti Maecenatis
Gardens of Maecenas- a park of puticuli
Cepotaphium (-us)
Garden tomb
Curatores
Trustees who erected the columbarium
Sortes viriles
Shares of family for paying for a columbarium
Columbaria
Niches on the walls of the columbarium where the urns were kept
Gradus
Rows of niches
Ordines
Columns of niches
Titulus
Marble above the nich with the name of the dead
Horreum
Storehouse or granary
Vineolae
Trellises
Solarium
Terrace
Harundinetum
Thicket of shrubbery
Aedicula
Tomb with pillars made to look like a temple
Bustum
Funeral pyre- grave with burnt bodies
Rogus
Funeral pyre- pile of wood for burning
Ustrina
Places for burning bodies and where ashes were collected and dried
Olla
Urn or jar
Ossuarium
Jar to put bones in
Conclamatio
Formal oration given by the oldest son of the deceased
Lectus funebris
Death bed- all of the deceased’s insignia worn by him while alive were placed on this couch
Designator/ libitinarius
Undertaker
Ollus Quiris leto datus. Exsequias, quibus est commodum, ire iam tempus est. Ollus ex aedibus effertur.
Said before a funeral procession by a public crier
Laudatio
Funeral oration given in the forum by a public authority
Os resectum
Ceremonial bone that was buried if the rest of the body was cremated
Silicernium
Funeral feast that was held after the sacrifice of a pig
Cena novendialis
Feast held after nine days of mourning
Sacrificium novendialis
Sacrifice
Parentalia/ dies parentales
February 13-21- days of obligation
Violaria
End of March
Rosaria
End of May