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Customs > Untitled spreadsheet - Sheet2 (1) > Flashcards

Untitled spreadsheet - Sheet2 (1) Flashcards

1
Q

Carbatina

A

Sandal made of one piece of leather

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2
Q

Caliga

A

Boot worn by soldiers

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3
Q

soccus

A

Shoe with a sole that was not hobnailed; the upper part was separate and made of leather

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4
Q

Mulleus/ calceus patricius

A

Red shoe with an ivory or silver crescent moon (lunula) worn by curule magistrates (originally worn by patrician’s only)

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5
Q

Anulus

A

Ring

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6
Q

Armilla

A

Bracelet

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7
Q

Margarita

A

Pearl (a woman’s favorite jewelry)

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8
Q

Aluta

A

Fine leather used to make shoes

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9
Q

Corona convivalis

A

Crown worn by men at a drinking party put on right before the throwing of the dice (usually made of roses)

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10
Q

Monile/ torquis

A

Necklace

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11
Q

Pilleus

A

Conical felt cap worn by laborers and freedmen

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12
Q

Apex

A

Conical, pointy hat worn by the flamines

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13
Q

Capillamentum

A

Wig

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14
Q

Subigaculum

A

Underwear

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15
Q

Petasus/ causia

A

Broadrimmed, sombrero-like hat of foreign origin

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16
Q

Zona/ cingulum

A

Gridle worn around the waist

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17
Q

Fasciae

A

Strips of woolen cloth

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18
Q

Feminalia

A

Strips worn around the upper leg

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19
Q

Mamillare

A

Band of soft leather worn under the breast by women (bra)

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20
Q

Strophium

A

Bra or sash-like band of soft leather worn under the breast

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21
Q

Tibialia

A

Strips worn around the lower leg

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22
Q

Fibula

A

Brooch or pin used by women to keep a tunic in place

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23
Q

Instita

A

Flounce or wide border sewn to lower hem of stola

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24
Q

Focalia

A

Strips worn around the neck (scarves or ties)

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25
Q

Vittae/ taeniae/ fasciolae

A

Ribbons

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26
Q

Carbasus

A

Linen or cotton

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27
Q

Ventralia

A

Strips worn around the body

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28
Q

Cinctus Gabinus

A

Way of wearing the toga over the head for religious reasons

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29
Q

Glis/ nitedula

A

Dormouse- a great delicacy in Ancient Rome

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30
Q

Reticula

A

Nets

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31
Q

Garum/ liquamen

A

Fish sauce from sturgeon or mackerel

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32
Q

Vestes sericae

A

Clothes made of a mixture of linen and silk

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33
Q

Oleum (olivum)

A

Olive oil

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34
Q

Pultiphagonidae

A

Porridge eaters (according to Plautus)

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35
Q

Aqua

A

Water

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36
Q

Mustum

A

Grape juice

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37
Q

Puls

A

Porridge- mushed far with water

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38
Q

Dolium

A

Vat-like jar used to ferment mustum into wine

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39
Q

Vanaria cella

A

Cell for fermenting wine where jars were left uncovered for nine days

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40
Q

Vinum

A

Wine

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41
Q

Vappa

A

Tasteless wine/ vinegar

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42
Q

Mulsum

A

Honeyed wine (four parts wine, one part honey)

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43
Q

Mulsa

A

Honeyed water (one part honey, two parts water)

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44
Q

Acetum

A

Vinegar

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45
Q

Ientaculum

A

Breakfast

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46
Q

Meridiatio

A

Midday siesta

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47
Q

Cena

A

Dinner

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48
Q

Gustatio/ promulsis/ gustus/ antecena

A

Appetizer

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49
Q

Fercula

A

Main course

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50
Q

Prandium

A

Lunch

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51
Q

Secunda mensa

A

Dessert

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52
Q

Convivium

A

Banquet/ drinking party

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53
Q

Comissatio/ compotatio

A

Drinking party

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54
Q

Symposium

A

Greek for “a drinking together”

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55
Q

Merenda/ vesperna

A

Supper

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56
Q

Convivium tempestivum

A

Early and long banquet (began before the 9th hour)

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57
Q

Umbrae

A

Unwelcomed guests

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58
Q

Circus

A

Circle, ring

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59
Q

Ludi circenses

A

Chariot races

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60
Q

Factiones

A

Chariot companies/ factions

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61
Q

Porta pompae

A

Starting gate

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62
Q

Naumachiae

A

Mock naval battles

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63
Q

Colesseum/ coliseum

A

Flavian Ampitheater

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64
Q

Oppidum

A

Exterior part of the building composed of towers and barriers

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65
Q

Carceres

A

Prisons- starting gates- like stables where the chariot drivers waiting for the race to begin

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66
Q

Porta triumphalis

A

Ending gate

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67
Q

Spinae

A

Backbone- the center part of the circus

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68
Q

Metae

A

Pillars or turning posts

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69
Q

Ova et delphini

A

Eggs and dolphins marble in those shapes to count laps

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70
Q

Podium

A

Marble platform- boxes for use by magistrates

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71
Q

Auriga/ agitator

A

Chariotdriver (usually a freedman or slave)

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72
Q

Pompa circernsis

A

Circus procession for magistrates

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73
Q

Munera gladiatoria

A

Gladiator fights

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74
Q

Venationes

A

Beast hunts

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75
Q

Sagina gladiatorial

A

Special food for gladiators

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76
Q

Rudis

A

Wooden training sword given to gladiator

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77
Q

Caveae

A

Banks of rows

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78
Q

Infima/ ima cavea

A

First five rows

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79
Q

Media cavea

A

Next twelve rows

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80
Q

Summa cavea

A

Highest eighteen rows

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81
Q

Porta Libitinensis

A

Narrow passage for carrying the dead

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82
Q

Bisellia

A

Seats of honor for members of city council

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83
Q

Podium

A

Two or three rows of parble thrones

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84
Q

Maenianum 1

A

Fourteen rows of equestrians

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85
Q

Maenianum 2

A

For ordinary citizens

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86
Q

Maenianum 3

A

Pillars- lowers classes, foreigners, and slaves

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87
Q

Gladiatorii

A

Gladiators

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88
Q

Retiarius

A

Fought with a net (rete) and trident (fuscina)

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89
Q

Andabata

A

Fought blindfolded

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90
Q

Murmillo/ mirrmillo

A

Had a helmet with a fish crest

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91
Q

Essedarius

A

Fought in a war chariot

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92
Q

Bestiarius

A

Fought wild animals

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93
Q

Tiro

A

Rookie gladiator

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94
Q

Dimachaerus

A

Fought with two daggers

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95
Q

Loqueator

A

Fought with a lasso

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96
Q

Actoratus

A

Volunteer gladiator

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97
Q

Thrax (Thracian)

A

Had a short shield (parma) and grieves on both legs

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98
Q

Samnite

A

Had thick sleeves on the right arm (manicae), greaves on his left leg, and a visored helmet

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99
Q

Hoplomachi

A

Samnites often pinned against Thracians

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100
Q

Secutores

A

Samnites often pinned against retiarii

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101
Q

Palus primus

A

First sword- highest ranked gladiator

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102
Q

Palus secundus

A

Second sword- next highest ranked gladiator

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103
Q

Missus

A

Spared gladiator

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104
Q

Lanista/ doctor

A

Gladiator trainer

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105
Q

Cena libera

A

Banquet for gladiators day before exhibition

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106
Q

Prolusio

A

Sham combat with blunt weapons that began the show

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107
Q

Balneum

A

Public bath (plural balneae)

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108
Q

Thermae

A

Largest type of baths that had the features of the Greek gymnasia

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109
Q

Balneaticum

A

Bath fee collected by the manager (conductor)

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110
Q

Suspensura/ hypocaustum

A

Second floor of the furnace that carried up heat from above

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111
Q

Testudo

A

Metal heater used to heat water in the baths

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112
Q

Alveus

A

Belly- hot water tank

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113
Q

Labrum/ solium

A

Basin of metal for douche

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114
Q

Capsarius

A

Slave who rubbed oil, scraped it off, and handed the bather his towel

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115
Q

Apodyterium

A

Dressing room

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116
Q

Tepidarium

A

Warm-watered room

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117
Q

Caldarium

A

Hot-watered room

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118
Q

Frigidarium

A

Cold-watered room

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119
Q

Unctorium

A

Rub down and oil room

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120
Q

Laconicum/ sudatorium

A

Sweat room

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121
Q

Destrictarium

A

Body scraper room

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122
Q

Strigil

A

Tool used to scrape the body

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123
Q

Palaestra

A

Excerise courtyard (mainly for boxers and wrestlers)

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124
Q

Gymnasium

A

Training yard for athletes in general

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125
Q

Natatio

A

Large swimming pool open to the sky and surrounded by porticos

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126
Q

Piscina

A

Small fish pond or pool

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127
Q

Exedra

A

Pavilion for sitting

128
Q

Stadium

A

Running track

129
Q

Scholae

A

Halls for traveling lectures

130
Q

Bibiotheca

A

Library

131
Q

Amanuensis/ librarius

A

Secretary

132
Q

Argentarius

A

Banker

133
Q

Carnifex

A

Butcher

134
Q

Caupo

A

Innkeeper

135
Q

Chirurgus

A

Surgeon

136
Q

Discobolus

A

Discus thrower

137
Q

Fullo

A

Fuller, laundry man

138
Q

Insularius

A

Custodian of an apartment house (insula)

139
Q

Leno

A

Pimp- sold female slaves for immoral purposes

140
Q

Mango

A

Wholesale dealer- seller of slaves

141
Q

Metator

A

Surveyer

142
Q

Nuntius

A

Messenger

143
Q

Nutrix

A

Nurse

144
Q

Pictor

A

Painter

145
Q

Piscator

A

Fisher

146
Q

Pistor/ pisitor

A

Bread baker- crushed spelt into puls

147
Q

Corpus/ collegium

A

Guild of bread bakers

148
Q

Prima rudis

A

Fencing master

149
Q

Publicanus

A

Tax collector

150
Q

Scriba

A

Scribe

151
Q

Sutor

A

Shoe maker

152
Q

Tabellarius

A

Mailman

153
Q

Tonsor

A

Barber

154
Q

Topiarius

A

Ornamental gardener- hedge trimmer and ivy grower

155
Q

Vigiles

A

Watchmen, firemen, policemen

156
Q

Pomerium

A

Boundary line for city of Rome within which no one could be buried

157
Q

Cenotaphium

A

Empty tomb

158
Q

Sepulcrum

A

Room inclosed in a building for burying the dead

159
Q

Columbarium

A

Dove cote/ pigeon house- a family tomb that has many inside

160
Q

Curatores

A

Trustees who erected the columbarium

161
Q

Sarcophagus

A

A sarcophagus on a podium for dead bodies

162
Q

Laudatio

A

Funeral oration given in the forum by a public authority

163
Q

Alieno iuri subiectus

A

Dependent

164
Q

Sacra gentilicia

A

Religious services of the gens

165
Q

Cara cognatio

A

22nd of February

166
Q

Ius osculi

A

Right to kiss- persons within the sixth degree of familial relation have this

167
Q

Sacra familiaria

A

Religious services of the family

168
Q

Adoptio

A

Adoption of a filius familias or son

169
Q

Adrogatio

A

Adoption of a pater familias

170
Q

Patrimonium profundere

A

To prove untrue to a pater familias’s trust

171
Q

Dominica potestas

A

Power of pater familias over slaves and inanimate objects

172
Q

Earnest appeals

A

Nomen (with praenomen or mi)

173
Q

Appius

A

Name brought to Rome by the Claudii

174
Q

Silvius Aeneas

A

First of the Silvii- named so because he was born in a forest

175
Q

Lucius

A

Lux- name given to son born during the day

176
Q

Manius

A

Mane- name given to son born in the morning

177
Q

Tullus

A

Tollere

178
Q

Servius

A

Servare

179
Q

Gaius

A

Gaudere

180
Q

Marcus/ Mamercus

A

Mars

181
Q

Exta

A

Flesh furnished for banquets that consisted

182
Q

Seafood

A

Piscis (fish)

183
Q

Tyrotarichus

A

Salt fish (tarichos), eggs and cheese (or spices)

184
Q

Mullus

A

Mullet fish

185
Q

Rhombos

A

Turbot

186
Q

Ostreae

A

Oysters

187
Q

Acipenser

A

A kind of sturgeon

188
Q

Asellus

A

Cod

189
Q

Lupus

A

Pike

190
Q

Thunnus

A

Tunny-fish

191
Q

Muria

A

Fish sauce from tunny-fish or any kind of brine

192
Q

Allex

A

Residue from the making of the fish sauce or cheap home made fish sauce from common fish given to slaves

193
Q

Mola

A

Mill (trapetum- a more elaborate type of mola)

194
Q

Meta

A

Lower millstone

195
Q

Catillus

A

Upper millstone

196
Q

Torcular/preculum

A

Press used to make the olives

197
Q

Amurca

A

Dark and bitter liquid composed of the impurities removed from the pressing of the olive used as fertilizer

198
Q

First pressing

A

Olive oil used for cosmetics

199
Q

Second pressing

A

Olive oil used for cooking

200
Q

Third pressing

A

Olive oil used as fuel for lamps

201
Q

Epityrum

A

Preparation of the olive

202
Q

Panes

A

(Circular loaves of) bread

203
Q

Panis siligneus

A

Best bread made of pure wheat flour

204
Q

Panis plebeius

A

Common bread made of coarse flour and/ore bran

205
Q

Panis castrensis

A

Army bread

206
Q

Panis sordidus

A

Dark bread

207
Q

Herbae pulmentariae

A

Pot-herbs (hortus olitorius- vegetable garden)

208
Q

Lactuca

A

Lettuce

209
Q

Brassica

A

Cabbage

210
Q

Porrum

A

Leek

211
Q

Hordeum

A

Barley

212
Q

Caepa

A

Onion

213
Q

Pastinaca

A

Carrot

214
Q

Radix/rapa/rapum

A

Turnip

215
Q

Cardus

A

Asparagus/ artichoke

216
Q

Fabae

A

Beans

217
Q

Pisum

A

Pea

218
Q

Cicer

A

Chickpea

219
Q

Cucumis

A

Cucumber

220
Q

Melo

A

Melon

221
Q

Aves

A

Birds

222
Q

Lagopus

A

White grouse

223
Q

Scolopax

A

Snipe

224
Q

Attagen lonicus

A

Woodcock

225
Q

Turdus

A

Thrush

226
Q

Perdix

A

Partridge

227
Q

Miliaria

A

Ortolan

228
Q

Phasianus

A

Pheasant

229
Q

Grus/ gruis

A

Crane

230
Q

Pavo

A

Peacock

231
Q

Potus

A

Drinks

232
Q

Sapa/ defrutum/ defritum

A

Grape jelly/juice, new wine

233
Q

Posca

A

Watered down vinegar

234
Q

Oryza

A

Rice

235
Q

Collyra

A

Pasta

236
Q

Lycopersicum/ tomata

A

Tomato

237
Q

Saccharum

A

sugar

238
Q

Arancium

A

Orange

239
Q

Banana/ ariera

A

Banana

240
Q

Fraga

A

Strawberries (plural only)

241
Q

Batus

A

Raspberry, blackberry

242
Q

Socolata

A

Chocolate

243
Q

Caffeum/ cafea

A

Coffee

244
Q

Thea

A

Tea

245
Q

Colonus

A

Tenant farmer

246
Q

Medica

A

Alfalfa- rotation of crops

247
Q

Villa urbana/ pseudourbana

A

Pleasure estate

248
Q

Pergula

A

Framework for growing vines, trellis

249
Q

Aratrum

A

Plough- fields were to be ploughed twice

250
Q

Xystus

A

Personal garden (with flowers- roses, lilies, and violets)

251
Q

Hippodromus

A

Garden for driving or riding

252
Q

Gestationes

A

Gardens for walking or being carried in a lectica

253
Q

Folles

A

Balls filled with hair, feathers, or air

254
Q

Trigon

A

Catch, played with three people and two balls (or as many as possible)

255
Q

Harpastum

A

Rugby or football

256
Q

Latrunculi

A

Little bandits- chess

257
Q

Duodecem scripta

A

Twelve tables- backgammon

258
Q

Calculi

A

Checkers

259
Q

Micatio

A

Game similar to Italian mora

260
Q

Tali

A

Knucklebones of a sheep or goat- five are thrown and caught on the back of the hand like jacks- also used to refer to dice

261
Q

Tesserae (aleae)

A

Four sided dice that lacks the numbers 2 and 5

262
Q

Fritillus

A

Dice-box from which the dice were thrown

263
Q

Venus

A

Highest throw- all different numbers (6, 4, 3, 1)

264
Q

Senio

A

Middle throw- six and three others (6,x,x,x)

265
Q

Vulture

A

Lowest throw- all the same number (1,1,1,1) (3,3,3,3) (4,4,4,4) (6,6,6,6)

266
Q

Dogs

A

Lowest of the vultures- (1,1,1,1)

267
Q

Munera

A

Private games

268
Q

Ludi

A

Public games

269
Q

Ludi scaenici

A

Dramatic performances in a theater

270
Q

Mimus, -i

A

M. mime, farce, actor in mime

271
Q

Pantominus, -i

A

M. pantomime

272
Q

Comoediae

A

Comedies

273
Q

Tragaediae

A

Tragedies

274
Q

Dominus gregis

A

Manager in producing a play

275
Q

Grex

A

Troupe of inferior actors

276
Q

Ornamenta

A

Props necessary for a play

277
Q

Proscaenium

A

Front line of the stage

278
Q

Praecinctio

A

Semicircular passage in the middle of the audience

279
Q

Vela

A

Awnings that protected from rain or sun

280
Q

Iudus Troiae

A

Mock battle among kids

281
Q

Iusta facere

A

To perform funeral rites

282
Q

Collegium funeraticium/salutarium/iuvenum

A

A burial society

283
Q

Cultores (of a certain god which varied)

A

Members of a funeral collegium

284
Q

Patronus/-a

A

Honorary member of a society who had contributed towards the expense of undertaking

285
Q

Funus acerbum

A

Bitter funeral- involved no ceremony and was for the death of small children

286
Q

Funus plabeium

A

Plebeian funeral that had no public parade

287
Q

Puticuli

A

25 foot deep grave pits on the Esquiline hill

288
Q

Horti Maecenatis

A

Gardens of Maecenas- a park of puticuli

289
Q

Cepotaphium (-us)

A

Garden tomb

290
Q

Curatores

A

Trustees who erected the columbarium

291
Q

Sortes viriles

A

Shares of family for paying for a columbarium

292
Q

Columbaria

A

Niches on the walls of the columbarium where the urns were kept

293
Q

Gradus

A

Rows of niches

294
Q

Ordines

A

Columns of niches

295
Q

Titulus

A

Marble above the nich with the name of the dead

296
Q

Horreum

A

Storehouse or granary

297
Q

Vineolae

A

Trellises

298
Q

Solarium

A

Terrace

299
Q

Harundinetum

A

Thicket of shrubbery

300
Q

Aedicula

A

Tomb with pillars made to look like a temple

301
Q

Bustum

A

Funeral pyre- grave with burnt bodies

302
Q

Rogus

A

Funeral pyre- pile of wood for burning

303
Q

Ustrina

A

Places for burning bodies and where ashes were collected and dried

304
Q

Olla

A

Urn or jar

305
Q

Ossuarium

A

Jar to put bones in

306
Q

Conclamatio

A

Formal oration given by the oldest son of the deceased

307
Q

Lectus funebris

A

Death bed- all of the deceased’s insignia worn by him while alive were placed on this couch

308
Q

Designator/ libitinarius

A

Undertaker

309
Q

Ollus Quiris leto datus. Exsequias, quibus est commodum, ire iam tempus est. Ollus ex aedibus effertur.

A

Said before a funeral procession by a public crier

310
Q

Laudatio

A

Funeral oration given in the forum by a public authority

311
Q

Os resectum

A

Ceremonial bone that was buried if the rest of the body was cremated

312
Q

Silicernium

A

Funeral feast that was held after the sacrifice of a pig

313
Q

Cena novendialis

A

Feast held after nine days of mourning

314
Q

Sacrificium novendialis

A

Sacrifice

315
Q

Parentalia/ dies parentales

A

February 13-21- days of obligation

316
Q

Violaria

A

End of March

317
Q

Rosaria

A

End of May

Customs (2 decks)

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