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Customs > Untitled spreadsheet - Sheet1 (1) > Flashcards

Untitled spreadsheet - Sheet1 (1) Flashcards

1
Q

Cursus Honorum

A

Course of honors- steps you take to make it to the highest jobs (from bottom to top- quaestor, praetor, consul)

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2
Q

Consul

A

Two men- executives- elected yearly

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3
Q

Praetor

A

Judges (8 elected yearly)

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4
Q

Quaestor

A

Treasurer (20 elected yearly)

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5
Q

Aedile

A

In charge of roads and public games (4 elected yearly)

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6
Q

Censor

A

2 elected every five years for 18 months- in charge of taking the census and public morals

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7
Q

Dictator

A

Had absolute power in times of emergency; normally ruled 6 months maximum

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8
Q

Magister equitum

A

Master of the horse/cavalry- assistant to dictator

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9
Q

Senator

A

Must be a praetor to enter- for life

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10
Q

Tribune

A

10 elected yearly- only plebeians can run- can veto the senate

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11
Q

Patricians/optimates

A

Highest clsss

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12
Q

Equites

A

Business class

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13
Q

Plebeians/populares

A

Lower class

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14
Q

Patron

A

Patron

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15
Q

Cliens

A

Client

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16
Q

Salutatio

A

Visit of client to patron’s house

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17
Q

Sportula

A

Cold food basket given to client when he is received by patron in his atrium

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18
Q

Deductio

A

Patron leads client to forum

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19
Q

Paterfamilias

A

Head of family (family includes wife, children, slaves, and property)

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20
Q

Patria potestas

A

Power (of life and death in early times) of paterfamilias over family

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21
Q

Metae

A

Turning posts

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22
Q

Spina

A

Backbone around which they raced

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23
Q

Ova et delphines

A

Eggs and dolphins (wood or bronze) used as lap counters

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24
Q

Number of laps is a usual race

A

7

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25
Q

How many people can be held in the circus maximus?

A

250,000 people could be held in the circus maximus

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26
Q

Ludi circenses

A

Chariot race

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27
Q

Factiones

A

Racing companies

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28
Q

Colors of the factiones

A

Red (russata), white (albata), blue (veneta), and green (prasina)

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29
Q

Original factiones

A

Red and white

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30
Q

Longest lasting factiones

A

Blue and green

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31
Q

Circus maximus

A

Located between the Palatine and Aventine hills

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32
Q

Mappa

A

The white cloth dropped to start a race

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33
Q

Biga

A

2 horse chariot

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34
Q

Quadriga

A

4 horse chariot

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35
Q

Auriga

A

Charioteer

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36
Q

Curriculum

A

Successfully completed lap

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37
Q

Carceres

A

Starting gates

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38
Q

Myrmillones

A

Fought with helmet, oblong shield, fish crest on helmet. Usually fought the retiarius or Thracians.

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39
Q

Retiarii

A

Lightly clad, armed with a net and trident. Usually fought Myrmillones or Secutores.

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40
Q

Samnites

A

Oblong shield, visored helmet, sword

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41
Q

Thracians

A

Small round shield, curved scimitar

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42
Q

Bestiarii

A

Hunters- fought wild beasts

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43
Q

Essedarii

A

Rode chariots with 2 horses

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44
Q

Andabatae

A

Heavily armed, but can not see out of visored helmet

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45
Q

Laquearii

A

Armed with lasso and a curved piece of wood

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46
Q

Secutores

A

Pursuers- like Samnite but without the neck protector

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47
Q

Hoplomachi

A

Full-armed with a breast-plate and visored helmet

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48
Q

Rudis

A

Wooden sword given to gladiators on their retirement

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49
Q

Lanista

A

Gladiator trainer

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50
Q

Editor munerum

A

Giver of games

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51
Q

Arena/ harena

A

Sand put down to absorb the blood from a gladiator match

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52
Q

Venationes

A

Hunts where Bestiarii fought wild beasts

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53
Q

Premere pollicem

A

To press the thumb against the forefinger- crowd wants to spare the gladiators life

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54
Q

Vertere pollicem

A

Turning the thumb upwards or towards the chest- to signify the death stroke

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55
Q

When were gladiator fights brought to Rome?

A

In 264 BC

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56
Q

Where were gladiator fights held originally?

A

At funerals

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57
Q

Naumachiae

A

Mock naval battles- they flooded the arena

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58
Q

Apodyterium

A

Dressing room

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59
Q

Hypocausta

A

Furnace

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60
Q

Caldarium

A

Hot bath

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61
Q

Frigidarium

A

Cold bath

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62
Q

Unctorium

A

Scraping room/ massage

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63
Q

Strigil

A

Scraper

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64
Q

Palaestra

A

Exercise area

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65
Q

Iudus

A

Elementary school

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66
Q

Litterator

A

Elementary school teacher

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67
Q

Paedagogus

A

Slave who carries books to school

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68
Q

Grammaticus

A

Upper school teacher

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69
Q

Rhetor

A

Teacher of public speaking

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70
Q

Stylus and tabula (tabella)

A

Pen and notebook

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71
Q

Century

A

Smallest unit of a legion

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72
Q

Maniple

A

Double a century (later dropped in favor of a cohort)

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73
Q

Cohort

A

6 times a century

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74
Q

Legion

A

Basic fighting unit of the Roman army

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75
Q

Contubernium

A

6-8 men who share a tent (part of a century)

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76
Q

Dux

A

General

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77
Q

Imperator

A

Victorious general

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78
Q

Legatus

A

Legionary commander

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79
Q

Centurio

A

Leader of a century

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80
Q

Optio

A

2nd in command to a centurio

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81
Q

Toga picta

A

Worn by victorious generals

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82
Q

Tesserae

A

Passwords

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83
Q

Signum

A

Standard

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84
Q

Signifier

A

Holder of standard (of a century or cohort)

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85
Q

Aquila

A

Silver or bronze eagle-standard (of a legion)

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86
Q

Aquilifer

A

Holder of the eagle

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87
Q

Cornicen

A

Horn blower

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88
Q

Vexillum

A

Flag

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89
Q

Pedites

A

Infantry

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90
Q

Equites

A

Cavalry

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91
Q

Scorpio

A

Dart thrower (standing crossbow used by one men)

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92
Q

Ballista

A

Dart or stone throwing siege energy, larger than a scorpio

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93
Q

Onager

A

Siege engine (like a catapult), threw boulders; means “wild ass” for its kick

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94
Q

Catapult

A

Siege engine which hurled javelins

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95
Q

Gladius

A

Sword

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96
Q

Scutum

A

Shield

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97
Q

Galea

A

Helmet (originally only made of leather)

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98
Q

Cassis

A

Helmet (originally only made of metal)

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99
Q

Pilum

A

Javelin

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100
Q

Hasta

A

Spear (used by triarii and hastati)

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101
Q

Lorica

A

Leather breastplate

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102
Q

Cingulum

A

Military belt

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103
Q

Caligae

A

Boots

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104
Q

Sarcina

A

Soldier’s cloak/ blanket

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105
Q

Pugio

A

Dagger

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106
Q

Tunica recta

A

White wedding dress

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107
Q

Flammeum

A

Saffron colored veil

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108
Q

Sponsalia

A

Engagement

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109
Q

Dos

A

Dowry

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110
Q

Ubi tu Gaius, ego Gaia

A

What bride says at ceremony- “where you are, my husband, I am”

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111
Q

What do brides dedicate on the night before their wedding to the Lares?

A

Their bulla

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112
Q

Pronuba

A

Matron of honor

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113
Q

Bad luck to marry on

A

The kalends, nones, ides (and the day after each) of any month; all of May and half of June were all unlucky day; also unlucky, the days the lower world was supposed to open- August 24, October 5, November 8.

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114
Q

Usus

A

Common law marriage

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115
Q

Coemptio

A

Fictitious sale of the bride

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116
Q

Confarreatio

A

Upper class marriage ceremony

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117
Q

Deductio

A

Procession of wedding party to forum

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118
Q

Pontifex Maximus

A

Chief priest, elected for life

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119
Q

Vestal Virgins

A

Start at age 6- (30 years) learn job for 10 years, work as Vestal for 10 years, teach for 10 years- keep flame of Vesta burning, keep documents, etc. safe; only man allowed in temple (which is round) is Pontifex Maximus

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120
Q

Auspex

A

Priest who checks sky for omens (birds/ lightning)

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121
Q

Augur

A

Same as auspex

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122
Q

Haruspex

A

Checks guts of animals for omens (2 hearts are bad…)

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123
Q

Salii

A

Priests of Mars

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124
Q

Lares

A

Household gods

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125
Q

Lararium

A

Shrine for Lares

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126
Q

Praenomen

A

First name

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127
Q

Nomen

A

Family name

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128
Q

Cognomen

A

Name for branch of family

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129
Q

Agnomen

A

Earned name

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130
Q

Subligaculum

A

Underwear

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131
Q

Tunica

A

Worn by all (like long t-shirt)

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132
Q

Toga praetexta

A

Worn by boys under 16 and magistrates (with purple stripes)

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133
Q

Toga virilis

A

All white- worn by men over 16

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134
Q

Toga pura

A

Same as toga virilis

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135
Q

Toga libera

A

Same as toga virilis (boys gave up their toga praetexta on the Liberalia)

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136
Q

Toga candida

A

Worn by men running for office; bright white (chalk)

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137
Q

Toga pulla

A

Worn by men in mourning (called sordidati)

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138
Q

Stola

A

Women’s dress

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139
Q

Palla

A

Women’s shawl

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140
Q

Fibula

A

Broach, pin

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141
Q

Bulla

A

Child’s good luck charm

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142
Q

Calceus

A

Shoe (for outdoors)

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143
Q

Solea

A

Sandal for indoors

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144
Q

Petasus

A

Broad- brimmed hat

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145
Q

Pileus

A

Cap of freedom

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146
Q

Atrium

A

Entry hallway/ large meeting room

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147
Q

Compluvium

A

Hole in roof of atrium- allows water in

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148
Q

Inpluvium

A

Basin that catches water

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149
Q

Alae

A

Wings off atrium

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150
Q

Imagines

A

Bust of ancestors, housed in alae

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151
Q

Tablinum

A

Master’s office

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152
Q

Triclinium

A

Dining room

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153
Q

Culina

A

Kitchen

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154
Q

Cubiculum

A

Bedroom

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155
Q

Peristylium

A

Outdoor garden with columns

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156
Q

Hortus

A

Regular garden

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157
Q

Ientaculum

A

Breakfast

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158
Q

Prandium

A

Lunch

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159
Q

Cena

A

Dinner

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160
Q

Garum

A

Fish sauce

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161
Q

Secunda mensa

A

Dessert

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162
Q

Gustatio, promulsis, antecena

A

Appetizer

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163
Q

Mulsum

A

Wine mixed with honey

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164
Q

Musla

A

Fermented honey and water

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165
Q

Mustum

A

Grape juice

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166
Q

Acetum

A

Vinegar

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167
Q

Comissatio

A

Drinking party

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168
Q

Rex bibendi

A

Master of the drinking party (he decides the games, etc.)

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169
Q

Seating

A

Romans reclined on their left side; there were 3 couches, each seating 3 people

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170
Q

Via Appia

A

Appian Way- from Rome to Capua early on, then extended to Brundisium; known as the queen of the roads- “regina viarum”- built by Appius Claudius Caecus in 312 BC

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171
Q

Via Sacra

A

Road which ran through the forum

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172
Q

Mare Nostum

A

Our sea- Mediterranean

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173
Q

Patria potestas

A

Power of father over familia

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174
Q

Pater familias

A

Head of family

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175
Q

Basilica

A

Law court

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176
Q

Curia

A

Senate house

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177
Q

Cloaca maxima

A

Great sewer

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178
Q

Insulae

A

Apartment buildings

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179
Q

Vigiles

A

Firemen/ police

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180
Q

Cisium

A

Lightweight, 2 wheeled vehicle

181
Q

Raeda

A

4 wheeled carriage, comfortable and large

182
Q

Lectica

A

Litter (carried by 4 slaves)

183
Q

Praeficae

A

Professional mourners

184
Q

Neniae

A

Dirges

185
Q

Conclamatio

A

Oldest son shakes father 3 times and calls his name

186
Q

Sarcophagus

A

Stone coffin

187
Q

Columbarium

A

Underground chamber for urns holding the ashes of a cremated person

188
Q

Alieno Iuris Subiecti

A

dependent

189
Q

Tutor

A

Guardian of underage son and unmarried daughter if pater familias

190
Q

Gens

A

Group of people with the same nomen- common ancestor through males

191
Q

Gentiles

A

Members of a gens- gens distributed property of a member who died sine prole among he gentiles

192
Q

Stirps

A

Group of people with same cognomen

193
Q

Cognatio

A

Blood relation- no legal rights

194
Q

Sacra gentilicia

A

Religious services of the gens

195
Q

Agnatio

A

Relation through males-

196
Q

Cognati

A

Relatives

197
Q

Pater, patris

A

M. father

198
Q

Mater, matris

A

F. mother

199
Q

Frater, fratris

A

M. brother

200
Q

Soror, sororis

A

F. sister

201
Q

Avus, avi

A

M. grandfather

202
Q

Avia, aviae

A

F. grandmother

203
Q

Patruus, patrui

A

M. uncle on father’s side

204
Q

Amita, amitae

A

F. aunt on father’s side

205
Q

Avunculus, avunculi

A

M. uncle on mother’s side

206
Q

Matertera, materterae

A

F. aunt on mother’s side

207
Q

Nepos, nepotis

A

M./f. grandson/granddaughter, nephew/niece

208
Q

Patruelis, patruelis

A

M. first cousin on father’s side

209
Q

Consobrinus (a), consobrini (ae)

A

First cousin on mother’s side

210
Q

Propior sobrino/ sobrina

A

A parent’s cousin (second cousin)

211
Q

Sobrinus (a), sobrini (ae)

A

Son or daughter of a parent’s cousin (third cousin)

212
Q

Adfines

A

Relatives through marriage only

213
Q

Adfinitas

A

Relation through marriage

214
Q

Gener, generi

A

M. son-in-law

215
Q

Nurus, nurūs

A

F. daughter-in-law

216
Q

Socer, soceri

A

M. father-in-law

217
Q

Socrus, socrūs

A

F. mother-in-law

218
Q

Provignus, provigni

A

M. stepson

219
Q

Provigna, provignae

A

F. stepdaughter

220
Q

Vitricus, vitrici

A

M. stepfather

221
Q

Noverca, novercae

A

F. stepmother

222
Q

Ianitrices

A

Women who married brothers (singular- ianitrix)

223
Q

Manus

A

Power of a man over his wife

224
Q

A. or Au.

A

Aulus

225
Q

App.

A

Appius

226
Q

D.

A

Decimus

227
Q

C.

A

Gaius

228
Q

Cn.

A

Gnaeus

229
Q

K.

A

Kaeso

230
Q

L.

A

Lucius

231
Q

M’

A

Manius

232
Q

M.

A

Marcus

233
Q

Mam.

A

Mamercus

234
Q

N.

A

Numerius

235
Q

P.

A

Publius

236
Q

Q.

A

Quintus

237
Q

S.

A

Spurius

238
Q

Ser.

A

Servius

239
Q

Sex. or Sext. or S.

A

Sextus

240
Q

T.

A

Titus

241
Q

Ti.

A

Tiberius

242
Q

V.

A

Vibius or Vopiscus

243
Q

Nomen

A

Nomen gentile or nomen gentilicium

244
Q

Sponsalia

A

Betrothal- maiden was promised to a man by pater familias or tutor

245
Q

Sponsus

A

Fiancé, betrothed man- “he having been promised”

246
Q

Sponsa

A

Fiancé, betrothed woman- “she having been promised”

247
Q

Anulus

A

Wedding ring- worn on the ring finger of the left hand because it was believed that vein went from the finger straight to the heart

248
Q

Repudium renuntiare

A

Breaking of betrothal done through nuntius

249
Q

Infamia

A

Man could not recover his betrothal presents if he broke the betrothal (i.e. the iron ring, anulus pronubis, or some money, arra)

250
Q

Nubere

A

Term for women used to mean “to marry”- literally “to veil oneself”

251
Q

In matrimonium ducere

A

Term used for men to mean “to marry”- literally “to lead into matrimony”

252
Q

Hymenaeus

A

Marriage hymn

253
Q

Stola matronalis

A

Matron’s dress- worn outside the house

254
Q

Matronalia

A

1st of March- Mother’s Day (and “Wive’s Day too)

255
Q

Manus

A

The power of a husband over his wife

256
Q

Divorce

A

None existed for the first five centuries in Rome but many occurred by the time of Augustus

257
Q

Usus

A

Plebeian form of marriage

258
Q

Coemptio

A

Mock sale marriage- around since the time of Servius

259
Q

445 BC

A

Patricians and plebeians were allowed to intermarry

260
Q

Tunica recta/ regilla

A

Woven on upright loom- bridal tunic

261
Q

Flammeum

A

Saffron veil worn by bride

262
Q

Who were brides dressed by?

A

Their mother

263
Q

Nodus Herculaneus

A

Knot on bride’s dress only to be untied by husband

264
Q

What did the groom wear?

A

A toga and a wreath of flowers on his head

265
Q

What days were unlucky to marry on?

A

The Kalends of every month and the day after

266
Q

Susceptio

A

Lifting- act of acknowledging a child

267
Q

Primordia

A

First eight days of pupus’ life

268
Q

Dies lustricus/ dies niminum/ nominalia

A

Naming ceremony 9 days after a son’s birth, 8 days after a daughter’s

269
Q

Cunae/ cunabula/ cunaria

A

Cradle

270
Q

Lectica

A

A litter for carrying a baby by 2 men

271
Q

Bulla aurea

A

Two concave pieces of gold containing an amulet worn around the neck to protect a child from the fascinatio (evil eye)

272
Q

Crepundia

A

A rattle- a toy that was composed of several toys tied together by string that rattled when shaken- monumenta of Terrence- identification to children

273
Q

Turbines

A

Spinning tops

274
Q

Trochi

A

Hoops

275
Q

Pilae

A

Balls

276
Q

Tali

A

Knucklebones for playing jacks

277
Q

Elementary schools

A

Taught by a litterator

278
Q

Grammar schools

A

Taught by a grammaticus

279
Q

Schools of rhetoric

A

Taught by a rhetor

280
Q

Pergula

A

Shedlike attachment to public building where class was usually held

281
Q

Nundinae

A

Market days- no school

282
Q

Paedagogus

A

Accompanied children to school and tutored them

283
Q

Pedisequi/ capsarii

A

Carried a child’s books (satchel and tablets)

284
Q

Tirocinium

A

Apprenticeship “rookie-ship” (from tiro, rookie)

285
Q

Tirocinium fori

A

Voluntary apprenticeship to study law

286
Q

Tirocinium militiae

A

Apprenticeship to study administration and war

287
Q

Liberalia

A

March 17

288
Q

Decuria

A

A group of 10 house slaves

289
Q

Athenaeus (170-230 AD)

A

Says that an individual could have up to 10 and 20 thousand slaves

290
Q

Hasta

A

Spear- symbol of a sale under a public official

291
Q

Sub hasta venire/ sub corona venire

A

To be sold into slavery

292
Q

Mangones

A

Wholesale dealers- sellers of slaves

293
Q

Contubernium

A

Slave marriage

294
Q

Vernae

A

Slaves born in the house

295
Q

Titulus

A

Scroll around the slaves neck that identified the slave showing his character- it served as a warrant for the buyer

296
Q

Leno

A

Pimp- sold slaves fo immoral purposes

297
Q

Servi publici

A

Took care of public buildings and acted as servants of servants of magistrates and priests

298
Q

Vilicus

A

Slave in charge of latifundia

299
Q

Vilica

A

Slave in charge of slave women who make wool clothes and such

300
Q

Atriensis

A

Butler

301
Q

Procurator/ dispensator

A

Purchased goods and kept records of the purchases

302
Q

Ostiarius/ ianitor

A

Door keeper (usually chained to the door post)

303
Q

Ornator/ ornatrix

A

Hair dresser

304
Q

Tonsor

A

Barber

305
Q

Calceator

A

Slave who cared for feet or made shoes

306
Q

Ciniflones/ cinerarii

A

Hair dresser for the mistress

307
Q

Anteambulones

A

Slave who cleared the way for the master

308
Q

Nomenclator

A

Reminded master of names of people

309
Q

Adversitores

A

Accompanied master back from parties

310
Q

Vestiplicus

A

Slave trained to keep the toga folded when not in use

311
Q

Dominium

A

Power of master over slaves

312
Q

Peculium

A

Property of a slave if so granted by master

313
Q

Vicarius

A

The slave of a slave

314
Q

Bubulcus

A

A slave who took care of yoke of bullocks

315
Q

Paedagogus

A

Accompanied children to school and tutored them

316
Q

Pedisqui/ capsarii

A

Carried a child’s books (satchel and tablets)

317
Q

Scutica/ lorum

A

Lash or rawhide made of cords/ thongs of leather

318
Q

Flagrum/ flagellum

A

Whip and bits of bone or metal buttons

319
Q

Furcifer

A

Culprit who carried on his shoulders a log of wood shaped live a V (furca- fork) with his arms stretched out and his hands tied to the ends of the fork

320
Q

Ergastulum

A

Prison for slaves to work unchained

321
Q

Sportula

A

Basket given to the client by the patron

322
Q

Vestibulum

A

Open courtyard between the street and the door to the house

323
Q

Fugitivus

A

Fugitive- branded with an F on the forehead- sometime had a metal collar around his neck

324
Q

Cellae familiae

A

Slave quarters

325
Q

Ostium/ ianua

A

Door or door way- doors had one Hager’s cylindrical hinge

326
Q

Carnifex/ lorarius

A

Slave to punish a slave

327
Q

Pilleus

A

Liberty cap

328
Q

Salutatio

A

A client’s greeting to his patron in the atrium of the patron’s house

329
Q

Fauces

A

Passage or entrance to the atrium

330
Q

Tesserae hospitales

A

Tokens of hospitality exchanged

331
Q

Atrium (cavum aedium)

A

Main room or center of the house

332
Q

Impluvium

A

Large basin for collecting rain water that fell from the compluvium, a hole in the roof that allowed light to pass through

333
Q

Tablinum

A

Master’s study- separated from atrium by curtains (vela/ aulaea) and the peristylum by folding doors (valvae)

334
Q

Peristylum

A

Large open courtyard surrounded by columns

335
Q

Cubiculum diurnum

A

Bedroom for midday siesta

336
Q

Cubiculum nocturnum or dormitorium

A

Small bedroom or sleeping quarter

337
Q

Andron

A

Passage between the atrium and the peristylum- avoids the tablinum in order to give the master privacy

338
Q

Ala

A

Wing (had no door between it and the atrium) on either side of the atrium that might contain the imagines, or wax busts of the family’s ancestors

339
Q

Taberna

A

Shop where the household sold goods

340
Q

Triclinium

A

Dining room with three couches- customary to have several for the change of seasons

341
Q

Oeci

A

Extra rooms used as halls, saloons, parlors, drawing rooms, banquet halls, or reception rooms

342
Q

Solarium

A

Room for sun bathing

343
Q

Latrina

A

Bathroom- always next to culina

344
Q

Culina

A

Kitchen- place for slaves to cook- always on wing of peristylum on the side of the andron

345
Q

Sacrarium

A

Room or private chapel with shrine to the gods for worship

346
Q

Exedra

A

Large room on the side of the peristylum opposite the atrium that contained permanent seats for lectures

347
Q

Hortus

A

Garden

348
Q

Diaetae

A

Outdoor rooms for relaxation

349
Q

Xystus

A

Formal elaborate garden

350
Q

Cellae servorum

A

Slave quarters (usually on the wings of the peristylum)

351
Q

Maenianum

A

Extension of story over another- balcony

352
Q

Pondera

A

Stepping stones from the street to the house

353
Q

Tuscanicum

A

Roof formed by two pairs of beams crossing each other at right angles to form a square hole (compluvium) no columns

354
Q

Limen

A

Threshold

355
Q

Tetrastylon

A

Beams of the roof were supported by four pillars or columns at each angle

356
Q

Testudinatum

A

Roof with no impluvium or compluvium- probably used windows in the alae

357
Q

Ianua

A

Door

358
Q

Ostium

A

Front door

359
Q

Corinthium

A

Beams of the rood were supported by more that four columns

360
Q

Displuvinatum

A

Roof sloped outward to gutters for catching rain water but still had a compluvium

361
Q

Ianuarius/ ostiarius

A

Doorkeeper

362
Q

Fores

A

Double doors

363
Q

Posticum

A

Back or side door

364
Q

Fax, facis

A

F.- torch of inflammable wood and oil kept near the door

365
Q

Pessuli

A

Bolts

366
Q

Lectus/ torus

A

Couch or bed

367
Q

Fulcrum

A

Bed post- detachable head or elbow rest

368
Q

Lectus adversus

A

Marriage couch in atrium opposite the ostium

369
Q

Serae

A

Bars for fastening doors

370
Q

Pulvinus

A

Pillow or cushion

371
Q

Scammum

A

Foot stool used to reach the bed

372
Q

Sedile

A

Seat with four legs and no back

373
Q

Sella curulis

A

Curule seat with curved legs of ivory that could be folded up

374
Q

Solium

A

Up-right, high-backed chair with solid arms

375
Q

Cathedra

A

Chair with a curved back and no arms

376
Q

Sella

A

Stool for one person

377
Q

Subsellium

A

Sella for more than one person (bench)

378
Q

Cathedra supina

A

Chair with no arms and a back that was slanted at a comfortable angle

379
Q

Mensa

A

Table

380
Q

Monopodium

A

Small table with one leg

381
Q

Mensa delphica

A

Table with three legs

382
Q

Lucerna

A

Roman lamp that used oil (lampas- Greek lamp)

383
Q

Candelabrum

A

Used to hold several lucernae (originally meant for candelae or candles)

384
Q

Abacus

A

Rectangular table with a raised rim for holding plates and dishes

385
Q

Lychnus

A

Torch or lamp that usually hung from the ceiling

386
Q

Sigma

A

Semicircular dining couch

387
Q

Armarium

A

Cabinet or cupboard (used as a closet)

388
Q

Arca

A

Strongbox or chest kept in the tablinum

389
Q

Horologium

A

Clock

390
Q

Foculus

A

Large metal stove that held coal and had large handles for carrying from room to room for warmth

391
Q

Gnomon

A

Staff on the sundial

392
Q

Clepsydra

A

Water clock (allowed water to pass through at a certain rate filling it up at marks to tell time)

393
Q

Lateres crudi

A

Unburned bricks- old blocks for walls

394
Q

Solarium

A

Sundial brought from Greece in 268 BC

395
Q

Opus quadratum

A

Use of large dressed stone laid out in horizontal rectangular courses as it is done now on walls

396
Q

Opus africanum

A

Use of massive horizontal and vertical dressed blocks of smaller blocks

397
Q

Opus caementicium

A

Use of concrete mostly in Classical times

398
Q

Opus incertum

A

Use of bricks joined together by cement irregularly

399
Q

Opus reticulatum

A

Net-like work- use of bricks of equal shape and size

400
Q

Opus vittatum

A

Use of long and short masonry blocks on walls

401
Q

Opus testaecum

A

Use of a concrete core wall with brick or tile facing

402
Q

Opus vermiculatum

A

Mosaic on the interior of walls

403
Q

Fenestra

A

Window, hole in the wall

404
Q

Iunctae

A

Closed shutters over tiny windows

405
Q

Tegulae

A

Subrectangular, slightly tapering tiles for roofing

406
Q

Tesserae

A

Pieces of glass used in a mosaic

407
Q

Imbrices

A

Tubes cup in half lengthways for covering flanges on the sides of the tegulae

408
Q

Pravimentum

A

Floors of the poor- stones, bricks, and tiles pounded together and leveled with a heavy rammer (fistuca)

409
Q

Tunica dalmatica

A

Short-sleeved or sleeveless tunic

410
Q

Lares et penates

A

Household gods (lar: cupboard god; penates: gods of ancestors)q

411
Q

Lacus/ lacunae

A

Decorated roof tiles

412
Q

Tunica talaris

A

Tunic that reached the ankles

413
Q

Opus sectile

A

Patterned floor surfacing

414
Q

Opus signinum

A

Waterproof lining for cisterns

415
Q

Locus imus

A

The lowest place

416
Q

Locus medius

A

The middle place

417
Q

Locus consularis

A

Place of honor for the consul

418
Q

Indutus

A

Clothing that is put on

419
Q

Subucula/ tunica interior

A

Under-tunic

420
Q

Tunica recta

A

Bride’s tunic

421
Q

Tunica angusti clavi

A

Knight’s tunic- “tunic with a narrow border”

422
Q

Tunica lati clavi

A

Senatorial tunic- “tunic with a wide border”

423
Q

Stola/ tunica exterior

A

Woman’s full dress/ outer garment

424
Q

Tunica manicata

A

Long-sleeved tunic

425
Q

Trabea

A

First name for the military cape- cloak worn by augurs with purple and scarlet strips

426
Q

Paludamentum

A

A general’s cloak

427
Q

Abolla

A

A heavy woolen cloak worn by poor people for sharing

428
Q

Palla/ tunica exterior

A

Woman’s shawl-like garment worn outdoors

429
Q

Lacerna

A

A common mantle or cloak made of wool which sometimes had a hood (cucullus)

430
Q

Bracae

A

Breeches or shorts worn by foreign and uncivilized people

431
Q

Sagum

A

Later more common name for the heavy military cloak

432
Q

Amictus

A

Clothing that is wrapped around

433
Q

Paenula

A

Rain coat with a hood (cucullus)

434
Q

Iaena

A

A heavy woolen cloak

435
Q

Toga virilis/ pura/ libera

A

Man’s toga assumed on the Liberalia when a young man turned 16

436
Q

Toga candida

A

Chalked-white toga worn by candidates running for office

437
Q

Toga pulla

A

Black wool toga worn at funerals by mourners

438
Q

Toga praetexta

A

Toga with a purple border worn by boys and curule magistrates

439
Q

Toga picta

A

Colored or painted toga worn by triumphant generals

440
Q

Synthesis/ vestis cenatoria

A

Bright dinner garment worn to banquets

441
Q

Endromis

A

Bathrobe, robe worn after exercise

442
Q

Calceus

A

Regular tied shoe made of leather always worn with the toga

443
Q

Toga exigua

A

Short, simple toga

444
Q

Solea

A

Sandal or slipper worn only indoors except during meals

445
Q

Calceus senatorius

A

Thick-soled shoe with an open ankle and wide straps worn by senators

446
Q

Perones

A

Shoes with untanned black leather worn by poor people and equites

447
Q

Sandalium

A

General term for sandal of slipper

448
Q

Sculponeae

A

Wooden shoes worn by peasants

Customs (2 decks)

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