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Rocks > Untitled spreadsheet - Sheet1 > Flashcards

Untitled spreadsheet - Sheet1 Flashcards

1
Q

igneous

A

Rock type made from cooling lava or magma

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2
Q

sedimentary

A

Rock type made from pre-existing minerals that were broken down and cemented together:

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3
Q

metamorphic

A

Rock type made by alteration of pre-existing rocks by heat and pressure

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4
Q

CaCo3

A

The chemical formula of calcite:

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5
Q

H2CO3

A

The chemical formula of carbonic acid:

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6
Q

SiO2

A

The chemical formula of quartz

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7
Q

C

A

Chemical formula for diamond

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8
Q

weathering

A

The breaking down of rocks into smaller pieces

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9
Q

erosion

A

The removal of broken down rock fragments

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10
Q

deposition

A

The placement of rock fragments into a new location

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11
Q

compaction

A

The squeezing or crushing of sediment layers by newer layers on top

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12
Q

cementation

A

The bonding together of sediment pieces and layers

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13
Q

chemical

A

Type of sedimentary rock that comes from the precipitation of soluble minerals

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14
Q

clastic

A

Type of sedimentary rock that comes from small pieces of older rocks

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15
Q

organic

A

Type of sedimentary rock that comes from small pieces of shells and bones

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16
Q

particle size

A

Clastic sedimentary rocks are classified by

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17
Q

limestone

A

Sedimentary rock made primarily of calcite

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18
Q

sandstone

A

Sedimentary rock made primarily of quartz

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19
Q

shale

A

Sedimentary rock made primarily of clay

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20
Q

halite

A

sedimentary rock made primarily of salt

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21
Q

coal

A

sedimentary/metamorphic rock made of carbon from plants

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22
Q

chalk

A

sedimentary rock made primarily of microscopic shells

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23
Q

conglomerate

A

Sedimentary rock made of pebbles cemented together

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24
Q

sand

A

sediment that comes from the weathering of quartz

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25
Q

clay

A

sediment that comes from the weathering of feldspar

26
Q

peat

A

sediment that comes from plant material

27
Q

salt

A

sediment that comes from evaporation of large lakes and seas

28
Q

calcite

A

sediment that comes from layers of shells, nature’s cement

29
Q

precipitation

A

When crystals form out of a saturated liquid solution

30
Q

soluble

A

can be dissolved in water

31
Q

felsic

A

composition of a lighter color, lighter weight rock, mainly feldspar and quartz

32
Q

mafic

A

composition of a darker color, heavier weight rock, mainly magnesium and iron

33
Q

3

A

number of visible crystal colors of COARSE-grained rocks

34
Q

2

A

number of visible crystal colors of porphyry rocks

35
Q

1

A

number of visible crystal colors of FINE-grained rocks

36
Q

vesicular

A

rocks with air pocket holes

37
Q

porphyry

A

rocks with large chunks in a smooth background

38
Q

granite

A

Intrusive igneous rock with coarse grains made of quartz, feldspar, and mica

39
Q

obsidian

A

Extrusive igneous rock with glassy texture and dark color

40
Q

tuff

A

Extrusive igneous rock made by beds of fallen volcanic ash

41
Q

pumice

A

Extrusive igneous rock full of air pockets with light color and light weight

42
Q

scoria

A

Extrusive igneous rock with air pockets, but heavy with dark color

43
Q

oxygen

A

the most common element in the earth’s crust

44
Q

copper

A

gives rocks a greenish blue color

45
Q

iron

A

gives rocks an orange reddish color

46
Q

hexagonal

A

crystal growth habit of quartz

47
Q

geode

A

hollow space in a rock formation filled with crystals

48
Q

crystal habit

A

the best way to identify a mineral

49
Q

foliation

A

Banded or layered sheets

50
Q

Protolith

A

the parent rock of a metamorphic rock:

51
Q

Quartzite

A

metamorphic sandstone

52
Q

Gneiss

A

metamorphic Granite

53
Q

schist

A

metamorphic Basalt

54
Q

Slate

A

metamorphic shale

55
Q

marble

A

The metamorphic form of limestone:

56
Q

shells

A

Common organic form of calcite:

57
Q

coral

A

An organic marine formation of calcite:

58
Q

limestone

A

Sedimentary rock layer made of calcite:

59
Q

undersea

A

In what environment is limestone deposited?

60
Q

stalactites

A

Downward hanging calcite columns in caves:

61
Q

stalagmites

A

Upward rising calcite columns in caves:

Rocks (3 decks)

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