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AP Global > Untitled document > Flashcards

Untitled document Flashcards

1
Q

Primary Sources

A

First-hand accounts of an event or period@ created at the time of the event.

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2
Q

Secondary Sources

A

Interpretations of primary sources compiled into analysis.

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3
Q

Bias

A

Favoring one thing over another due to personal beliefs or benefits.

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4
Q

Point of View

A

A specific perspective on something.

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5
Q

Latitude

A

Lines that run east and west (horizontally).

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6
Q

Longitude

A

Vertical lines that run north and south.

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7
Q

Hominids

A

A group of primates that are bipedal@ have large brains@ and can make and use tools.

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8
Q

Neanderthals

A

Closest relatives to humans@ sharing a common ancestor.

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9
Q

Artifacts

A

Objects made by humans that usually have cultural significance.

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10
Q

Nomadic

A

Having no fixed place to live@ moving from place to place.

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11
Q

Hunter-Gatherers

A

People who obtain food by foraging and hunting/fishing.

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12
Q

Neolithic Revolution

A

The shift from nomadic hunter-gatherers to sedentary farmers and pastoralists.

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13
Q

Civilization

A

A complex cultural society with cultural and technological development.

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14
Q

Mesopotamia

A

Ancient region between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers@ modern-day Iraq and Kuwait.

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15
Q

Tigris and Euphrates

A

River system that sustained the civilization of Mesopotamia.

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16
Q

Fertile Crescent

A

Crescent-shaped region in the Middle East with fertile land for farming.

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17
Q

Sumer

A

The oldest known civilization in southern Mesopotamia.

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18
Q

City-State

A

An independent city with sovereignty over its territory.

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19
Q

Cuneiform

A

The earliest known writing system used by the Sumerians.

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20
Q

Barter

A

Trading goods and services without using money.

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21
Q

Scribes

A

Individuals specialized in writing documents@ vital in ancient civilizations.

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22
Q

Ziggurat

A

Large Mesopotamian temple shaped like a pyramid@ dedicated to the gods.

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23
Q

Polytheistic

A

The belief in more than one god.

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24
Q

Irrigation

A

Controlling water to land for crop growth@ enabling food production.

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25
Q

The Epic of Gilgamesh

A

The first known work of literature@ a Mesopotamian epic poem.

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26
Q

Hammurabi’s Code

A

The first written collection of laws from Babylonia.

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27
Q

Nile

A

The river that was the lifeline of Ancient Egypt.

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28
Q

Menes

A

The king who unified Upper and Lower Egypt.

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29
Q

Pharaoh

A

The absolute ruler of Egypt@ often considered to have godlike status.

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30
Q

Cataracts

A

Rocky rapids that obstructed travel and trade along the Nile.

31
Q

Theocracy

A

A system where rulers are both government and religious leaders.

32
Q

Hieroglyphics

A

The formal writing system of ancient Egypt.

33
Q

Papyrus

A

A thick paper invented in Ancient Egypt for writing.

34
Q

Rosetta Stone

A

A stone that helped decode hieroglyphics through its trilingual inscription.

35
Q

Hatshepsut

A

A female pharaoh who led Egypt during a period of stability and prosperity.

36
Q

Pyramids

A

Structures built in Egypt to store the bodies and possessions of pharaohs.

37
Q

Valley of the Kings

A

The area containing royal tombs of Egyptian pharaohs.

38
Q

Mummification

A

The preservation of dead bodies for the afterlife.

39
Q

Strait

A

A narrow passage of water connecting two larger bodies of water.

40
Q

Sociology

A

The study of how groups of people relate and interact.

41
Q

Economy

A

The study of distribution@ production@ and consumption of goods and services.

42
Q

Political Science

A

The study of governments and power distribution.

43
Q

Anthropology

A

The study of humanity@ culture@ and customs.

44
Q

Archaeology

A

The study of human life based on artifacts left behind.

45
Q

Linguistics

A

The study of languages and their development.

46
Q

Geography

A

The study of the physical environment and its changes by people.

47
Q

Archipelago

A

A group of islands clustered together in a sea or ocean.

48
Q

Delta

A

Low watery land at the end of a river@ shaped like a triangle.

49
Q

Bay

A

A body of water partly enclosed by land.

50
Q

Isthmus

A

A narrow strip of land connecting two larger land masses.

51
Q

Cape

A

A point of land that juts out into the ocean.

52
Q

Gulf

A

A body of water larger than a bay@ partly surrounded by land.

53
Q

Peninsula

A

A body of land almost surrounded by water.

54
Q

Paleolithic Age

A

A period where humans survived through foraging and hunting.

55
Q

Neolithic Revolution Positive Changes

A

Job specialization@ food surplus@ advancements in knowledge and trade.

56
Q

Neolithic Revolution Negative Changes

A

Gender and social class inequality@ decline in health@ increase in disease.

57
Q

5 Characteristics of Civilization

A

Advanced cities@ specialized workers@ complex institutions@ record keeping@ advanced technology.

58
Q

How did people survive during the Paleolithic Age?

A

Women would typically forage for plant food and men would hunt

59
Q

How did paleolithic people organize?

A

Small groups of extended family

60
Q

How did paleolithic people enrich their lives?

A

Art@ tools@ music@ rituals involving burials of the dead.

61
Q

3 Positive changes of the Neolithic Revolution

A

Specialization of Jobs

62
Q

3 Negative Changes of the Neolithic Revolution

A

Inequality between genders and social classes.

63
Q

3 Massive Sumerian cities

A

Uruk@ Lagash@ Umma

64
Q

2 Advanced Egyptian cities

A

Memphis@ Thebes

65
Q

How did geography affect Egypt? How did it differ from Mesopotamia?

A

The cataracts/rapids of the Nile made expansion into the Upper Nile (Southern Region) difficult. The Nile was very predictable@ while the Tigris and Euphrates were unpredictable.

66
Q

How was religion and government related in Egypt

A

The pharoah was the absolute ruler AND the head priests AND had godlike status.

67
Q

Women’s rights in Egypt.

A

Women could own property@ marry and divorce.

68
Q

What did Hammurabi’s code show about Babylonian values?

A

Your social class determined your punishment/how valuable you were viewed as.

69
Q

Oldest Known Hominids (Date)

A

4.5 Million Years ago

70
Q

Neolithic Revolution happened when?

A

10@000 years ago.

71
Q

Start of the Sumerian Civilization

A

3500 B.C.

72
Q

Start of the Egyptian Civilization

A

3100 B.C.

73
Q

3 Positives of the Neolithic Revolution

A

Specialization of jobs, surplus of food, advancements in knowledge, art, and trade.

74
Q

3 Negatives of the Neolithic Revolution

A

Inequality between genders and social classes, decline in Nutritional health, and increase in disease.

AP Global (4 decks)

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