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AP Global > Ancient China > Flashcards

Ancient China Flashcards

1
Q

Two rivers

A

Huang He, Yangtze

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2
Q

Loess

A

Yellow, fertile silt

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3
Q

Geographic features

A

Pacific ocean (E), Gobi Desert (N), Himalayan Mountains (SW)

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4
Q

What social class was in China

A

Chinese feudal system

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5
Q

Religion in ancient China

A

Ancestral beliefs, oracle bones

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6
Q

How did the Zhou justify the overthrowing of the Shang

A

Mandate of Heaven

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7
Q

Who founded the Mauryan

A

Chandragupta maurya

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8
Q

Arthasastra

A

Mauryan empire, advise a ruler hoe to rule, written by chandragupta maurya

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9
Q

Who was asoka

A

Grandson of chandragupta maurya

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10
Q

Manusmriti

A

Famous early legal codes

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11
Q

What did the ancient Chinese call themselves?

A

Middle Kingdom

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12
Q

What was the dynastic cycle?

A

A dynasty brings stability to the people as long as the royalty stays moral. Once the royalty becomes corrupt, the mandate of heaven is revoked, leading to chaos in the lands. The people are now obliged to rebel and overthrow the dynasty to bring a new, moral dynasty.

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13
Q

What is feudalism in ancient China?

A

The emperor granted land to noble families in exchange for their loyalty to military service. These nobles were considered lords of the land and commoners made up the vast majority of the population.

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14
Q

Who was Confucius. What did his philosophy stand for?

A

A Chinese philosopher who founded Confucianism. Respect the 5 crucial relationships, women are inferior and passive, moral education and inspiration.

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15
Q

Who founded legalism?

A

Laozi

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16
Q

When/What was the warring states period?

A

When: Fall of Zhou Dynasty - Founding of the Qin Dynasty
What: The Zhou dynasty’s central authority weakened, and China fragmented into several enemy states. Lots of conflict/chaos.

17
Q

Who founded the Qin Dynasty?

A

Shi Huangdi

18
Q

Which dynasties built the Great Wall

A

The Qin Dynasty built the earliest version, and the Ming Dynasty built and fortified it into the wall we know today.

19
Q

Who built the terracotta army and why?

A

Built under Qin Shi Huangdi to protect him in the next world.

20
Q

Who founded the Han dynasty, the ______ dynasty in Chinese history.

A

Liu Bang, longest

21
Q

Who was Wudi? 5 achievements

A

Great Grandson of Liu bang
1. Defeated the Xiongnu nomadic mountain tribes
2. Colonizes places like Korea and Vietnam
3. Ordered a wall to be built, an extension of the Great Wall
4. Strongly promoted Confucianism
5. Established the silk road

22
Q

Instances of assimilation in ancient China

A

Buddhism, acquirng non-chinese places like vietnam, gradual assimilation of the xiongnu

23
Q

Order of the Chinese dynasties

A
  1. Shang
  2. Zhou
  3. Qin
  4. Han
  5. Sui
  6. Tang
  7. Song
  8. Yuan
  9. Ming
  10. Qing
24
Q

Approxmiate time of confucius

A

500 BCE (zhou dynasty)

25
Q

Describe the chinese writing system

A

Started as pictographs, evolved into more abstract ideographs, symbols that represent words or morphemes (known as iogograms)

26
Q

5 Key relationships in confucianism

A

Ruler-subject
father-son
husband-wife
older brother-younger brother
friend-friend

27
Q

Daoism believed in what?

A

Following the natural way (the Dao) and embracing simplicity

28
Q

5 Ways Shi Huangdi made a unified empire?

A
  1. centralized power
  2. standardized currency
  3. building infrastructure (ie. huge roads, Great Wall, canals)
  4. Oppressing opposition (string legalist philosophy), killed local uprisings
29
Q

Why did the Han dynasty decline? 4 main reasons

A

Emperor’s after Wudy were weak and ineffective, many government officials became corrupt. There were issues with land distribution/taxation of wealthy landowners was nonexistent

30
Q

4 Technological advances of China

A
  1. Paper
  2. Compass
  3. Gunpowder
  4. Waterwheel
31
Q

What was the silk road?

A

Network of trade routes that connected China to Cenral Asia, India, The Middle East, and the Mediterranean

32
Q

What things were traded along the Silk Road? How was trade conducted along the Silk Road?

A

Silk, spices, tea, porcelain, paper, ideas/Buddhism, and precious metals would travel in caravans across deserts and mountains

33
Q

Duration of the Shang Dynasty

A

1500 BCE - 1027 BCE

34
Q

Duration of the Han Dynasty

A

202 - 220 CE

AP Global (4 decks)

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