Untitled Deck

Question 1

What is Albuterol/Salbutamol?

Answer 1

A short acting beta agonist (SABA) inhaled to prevent bronchospasm in bronchitis, emphysema, asthma, and other lung diseases.

Acts on beta-2 adrenergic receptors to relax bronchial smooth muscle.

Question 2

What are the side effects of Albuterol/Salbutamol?

Answer 2

HTN, angina, vertigo, CNS stimulation, insomnia, headache, metabolic acidosis, drying/irritation of oropharynx.

Question 3

What is Formoterol?

Answer 3

A long acting beta agonist (LABA) inhaled for regular treatment of asthma and prevention of bronchospasm.

Relaxes and opens air passages in lungs, making it easier to breathe.

Question 4

What are the contraindications for Formoterol?

Answer 4

Monotherapy for asthma, paradoxical bronchospasm, DM, hyperthyroidism, seizure disorder, arrhythmias, CAD, HTN, hypokalemia, QT prolongation.

Question 5

What are the side effects of Formoterol?

Answer 5

Nervousness, headache, shaking, dry mouth, cramping, nausea/vomiting, diarrhea.

Question 6

What is Budesonide?

Answer 6

A corticosteroid inhaled for asthma and COPD to reduce production of certain cytokines to inhibit inflammatory asthma component.

Question 7

What are the contraindications for Budesonide?

Answer 7

Untreated respiratory tract infections, adrenal suppression, immunosuppression, growth suppression in pediatrics.

Question 8

What are the side effects of Budesonide?

Answer 8

Headache, itchy throat, voice disorder, arthralgia, musculoskeletal pain, candidiasis, upper respiratory infection.

Question 9

What is Ipratropium (Atrovent)?

Answer 9

A short acting muscarinic antagonist (SAMA) inhaled several times a day for COPD, occasionally asthma, and bronchiectasis.

Completely inhibits the effects of ACh at the muscarinic receptors in the airways.

Question 10

What are the side effects of Ipratropium?

Answer 10

Dizziness, blurred vision, may worsen narrow angle glaucoma, benign prostatic hyperplasia, dry mouth, bitter taste, upper respiratory infection, pharyngitis, sinusitis.

Question 11

What is Tiotropium (Spiriva)?

Answer 11

A long acting muscarinic antagonist (LAMA) inhaled daily for COPD, occasionally asthma, and bronchiectasis.

Completely inhibits the effects of ACh at the muscarinic receptors in the airways.

Question 12

What are the side effects of Tiotropium?

Answer 12

Dizziness, blurred vision, may worsen narrow angle glaucoma, benign prostatic hyperplasia, dry mouth, bitter taste, upper respiratory infection, pharyngitis, sinusitis.

Question 13

What is Prednisone?

Answer 13

A systemic corticosteroid taken orally for short term treatment of acute COPD/asthma exacerbations and to prevent asthma relapse.

Question 14

What is Epinephrine (Epipen)?

Answer 14

An alpha and beta adrenergic agonist administered intramuscularly for anaphylaxis treatment (1st line).

Has alpha and beta adrenergic effects.

Question 15

What are the contraindications for Epinephrine?

Answer 15

Cardiovascular disease, pulmonary edema, thyroid disease, Parkinson’s.

Question 16

What are the side effects of Epinephrine?

Answer 16

Anxiety, dizziness, palpitations.

Question 17

What is Omalizumab (Xolair)?

Answer 17

An IgG monoclonal antibody administered subcutaneously as adjunctive therapy in moderate to severe allergic asthma uncontrolled with medium to high dose ICS/LABA.

Inhibits IgE binding on mast cells and basophils.

Question 18

What are the contraindications for Omalizumab?

Answer 18

Eosinophilia, cardiovascular effects (TIA, ischemic stroke), fever, and anaphylaxis (including delayed onset).

Question 19

What are the side effects of Omalizumab?

Answer 19

Headache, injection site reaction, nasopharyngitis, pain, dizziness, fatigue.

Question 20

What is Inhaled Tobramycin (Tobi)?

Answer 20

An antibiotic inhaled for cystic fibrosis to act against CF bacterial infection, especially in P. aeruginosa.

Question 21

What are the side effects of Inhaled Tobramycin?

Answer 21

Cough, dyspnea, headache, fever.

Question 22

What is Azithromycin (Zithromax)?

Answer 22

An antibiotic taken orally for cystic fibrosis with an anti-inflammatory effect.

Question 23

What is Ivacaftor (Kalydeco)?

Answer 23

A cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) potentiator taken orally for cystic fibrosis indicated for patients with at least 1 F508del mutation in the CFTR gene.

Modulates CFTR protein function to better create a channel for chloride to flow across the cell surface.

Question 24

What are the side effects of Ivacaftor?

Answer 24

Headache, abdominal pain, diarrhea, upper respiratory infection, rash.

Question 25

What is Pancrelipase (Creon, Zenpep)?

Answer 25

Pancreatic enzymes taken orally to correct malabsorptive problems occurring due to pancreatic insufficiency in cystic fibrosis.

Question 26

What are the side effects of Pancrelipase?

Answer 26

Headache, abdominal pain, ear/neck pain, nasal congestion, strep infection.

Question 27

What is Nintedanib (Ofev)?

Answer 27

A kinase inhibitor taken orally to slow disease progression of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.

Question 28

What are the side effects of Nintedanib?

Answer 28

Nausea/vomiting/diarrhea, weight loss, fatigue, increase in liver function tests, dermal ulcer, increase bleeding, epistaxis.

Question 29

What is Hypertonic Saline?

Answer 29

Fluids inhaled via nebulizer for cystic fibrosis to hydrate airways and thin lung mucus to facilitate airway clearance.

Pretreat with albuterol first.

Question 30

What is Dornase Saline (Pulmozyme, DNase)?

Answer 30

Fluids inhaled via nebulizer for cystic fibrosis that cleaves DNA in mucus to thin lung mucus and facilitate airway clearance.