Universe, Solar system, Geological periods Flashcards
(177 cards)
1
Q
James Webb Telescope
A
longest and most powerful
near infrared to mid infrared light
2
Q
Theory of Universe
A
Bigbang and Theory of Creation
3
Q
Bigbang theory proposed and proponent
A
1920 Alexander Friedman and Georges Lamaitre
4
Q
Bigbang theory definition
A
singularity era or Planck era
the universe came from a single point and it expanded
single point of infinite density and extreme heat
5
Q
Days of Creation
A
6 days of creation
6
Q
Inflationary era
A
It’s expanded
7
Q
Formation of Universe
A
made up of particles of energy
freely moving
forces will hold them
8
Q
particles of energy
A
quarks, electrons, protons, neutrons
9
Q
types of forces
A
Strong, weak, gravitational, electromagnetic
10
Q
Formation of basic elemenrs
A
protons and neutrons combined to produce helium nuclei or nucleosynthesis
11
Q
Radiation era
A
energy in the form of EM waves
12
Q
Matter domination
A
matter began to dominate
electrons joined w/hydrugen and helium nuclei make small neutral atoms. if not, ions are produced
13
Q
Heliocentrism
A
planets orbit the sun
14
Q
Proponent of Heliocentrism
A
Nicolaus Copernicus
15
Q
Original proponent of Heliocentrism
A
Aristarcus
16
Q
Geocentrism
A
ancient Greek
orbits earth
17
Q
Geocentrism proponent
A
Claudius Ptolemy
18
Q
Vortex theory proponent
A
Rene Descartes
19
Q
Vortex theory
A
sun is at the center of a vast vortex
20
Q
Collision theory proponent
A
Comte de Buffon and Georges Louis Leclerc
21
Q
Collision theory
A
a comet striked the sun and then there, the planets were formed
22
Q
Tidal theory
A
sun is approached by a star
23
Q
Nebular theory proponent
A
Immanuel Kant
24
Q
Nebular theory
A
gravitational swirling gas and dust forms the planets
25
Solar nebular theory
formation of our solar sistem came from a nebula
26
Solis for solar system is
latin term for Sun
27
Sun
yellow dwarf star thag brings light, made up of energy, has solar winds that hit the poles
28
Mercury
Closest planet, rocky planet with craters, fastest to revolve, looks like the moon
29
Venus
evening star, poisonus fog, thick atmosphere, silvery white in structure,filled with co2
30
Earth
most habitable planet,astronomical unit is 150 million km
31
Mars
red planet, has many iron in soul
2 moons phobos and deimos, 0.13% oxygen content
32
Jupiter
largest, giant ball of gas, has 80-95 moons
33
what is jupiter made of
hydrogen and ammonia
34
Saturn
has rings made of frozen gasses
35
saturn is made of what
hydrogen and helium
36
Uranus
Ecclectic, almost 90• tilt, cold and windy
37
Uranus is made up of
Hydrogen, Heelium, Methane
38
Neptune
bluish in color
39
Pluto
dwarf planet, can’t clear its neighboring region
40
Dwarf planets
Pluto, Makemake, Eres,Ceres,Haumea
41
Asteroids
remnants in space
42
Meteors
streak of light
43
Comet
icy body that can have diff colors
44
Meteor timeline
Meteoroid-Meteor-Meteorite
45
Birth of Stars and Galaxies
starts from dust and became nebula
46
Evidences of birth of stars
Galaxies moving away, CMB, Abudance of light elements
47
Galaxies moving away,red shift
Edwin hubble
48
Cosmic Microwave Background
Robert Willson and Arno Penzias
49
Trace amounts of Li and Be and Massive amounts of H and Hr
Abundance of light materials
50
Fate of Universe
Big Crunch or Bug Chill or Continue Forever
51
Big crunch
outward flight of galaxies will stop
52
Continue forever
Stop expanding
53
Big chill
continue to expand
54
Steady state theoru
no beginning bi end. a star dies, a new star replaces
55
Inflation theory
Flatness, monopule,Horizon
56
Flatness
things will appear flat
57
Monopule
production of magnetic poles
58
Horizon
things are so apart
59
1 light year
1 trillion
60
Laniakea Superclusters
immense heavens, great attractor of galaxies
61
Voyager Golden Recorder
116 images -record of earth
62
Voyager 1 happened in
Sept 1977
63
Voyager 2
August 1977
64
Local Galactic galaxies
Andromeda, Milky way, Triangulum
65
Relative dating
determine which rock came first
66
Absolute dating
radioactive dating
67
5 principles of relative dating
Superposition, Original Horizontality, Lateral Continuity, Cross cutting relationship, Inclusions
68
history repeats itself- changes in earths crust during geological history have resulted from action of continuous and unit processes
Uniformitarianism
69
Radiometric, amino acid dating,dendrochronology and thermoluminescence
Absolute dating
70
describes, which object is older
Relative data
71
Relative dating works best for
Sedimentary
72
Stratigraphy
Rock successions
73
Types of Fossils
Petrification, Compression, Mold and Cast, Preserved Remains
74
Petrification
form when minerals replace structure of organism
75
Compression
they are formed due to the burial of plant parts in sediments
76
Mold and Cast
3 dimensional
and preserve the surface contours of an organism
77
Mold
preserves a negative imprint of a surface, molder
78
Cast
preserves the external form that f organism, chocolate
79
Preserved remains
preservation of original skeleton and body parts
80
Newest epoch
Anthropocene epoch
81
Deciders of Epoch
Climate Magnetic Biologic Isotopic
82
Geologic time scale
divided into Eons, Era, Period, Epoch
83
Eons
largest division which can Epoch last up to hundreds of millions of years
-determined by prevelance of fossils
84
Eras
next longest
marks major shift inbthe types of fossils
types: Palezoic, Mesozoic, Zenozoic
85
Palezoic
Ancient
86
Mesozoic
Middle
87
Zenozoic
New
88
Periods
divisions with in an era
mark stages within era
where diff kinds of life existed
89
Epochs
shortest
divide periods into smaller units
90
Hadean Eon happened
4.6-4 billion years ago
91
Important events in Hadean eon
Earth coalesced, Primordial water, Earth meets moon, Core accretion, Magnetic field
92
We obtained a heat source and temp is too high
Hadean eon
93
Archean Eon important events
DNA is forning thru prokaryotes, Tectonic activities build continents, Prokaryotic bacteria emerging, Banded Iron Formation, Great Oxygenation event
94
Climate began to stabilize
Archean eon
95
First continent
Vaalbala
96
Oxygen was formed
Archean eon
97
Formed DNA
Archean eon
98
Proterozoic era events importnat
Oxygen crisis, First Eukaryotes, Snowball, Multifellular life began, Ozone stabilization
99
Killed cyanobacteria
Oxygen crisis in Proterozoic era
100
Snowball earth
Proterozoic Era
101
Ozone layer Thickened
Proterozoic era
102
Palezoic era time
540-252Million years
103
Paleozoic era important events
Cambrian explosion, Age of fishes and Amphibians, Carboniferous rainforest collapse, Permian-Triassic Extinction
104
Fishes existed
Palezoic era
105
Mesozoic era important events
Age of reptiles, conifers, dinosaurs. Pangea, Flowering plant, Transition coming
106
Mammals and birds came from
Reptile ancestors
107
Dinosaurs
Mesozoiz era
108
Pangea was formed in what era
Mesozoic Era
109
Cenozoic era
Dinosaurs became instinct, age of mammals, Modern earth, apes, stone ate, Homo Sapiens
110
Homosapiens
improved
111
Modernaization can have
Extinction
112
Ordovician Silurian extinction
reasons of lost fishes
113
Late Devonian extinction
Amphibians
114
Permian-Triassia extinction
The great dying, 96%
115
Triassic-Jurrasix
80% reptiles
116
Cretaceous-Paleogene
Dinosaur
117
Holocene extinction
reasons: habitat loss, poaching, climate
118
Tertiary and Quarternary periods
marked significant geologic, climatic, oceanographic, biological shifts
119
Five principal subdivision of T and Q period
Paleocene, Eocene, Oligocene, Miocene and Piliocene
120
Earths landform evolved due to 100 million years of teconic plate actovity
Tertiary and Quarternary period
121
Himalayas emergence
Tertiary and Quartnernay
122
Homo sapiens and chimpanzees emerged
Tertiary
123
Land bridges that allowed two way migration
Quarternary
124
Ice covered earths surface diring Pleistocene Region epoch
Quarternary
125
Continents reached their locations
Quarternary
126
Quartnernary period began
2.58 million years ago
127
Covers less than 1% of geologic ts
Quarternary period
128
Pliocene appeared
Terriary period
129
Happened 541 million years ago
Cambrian
130
485.4 million years ago
Ordivician
131
Rock formation
Cambrian
132
Plate collision
Ordivician
133
Algae, Lichen, Cyanobacteria
Cambrian
134
Briophites, Eophites, Prototaxites
Ordivician
135
Trilobites, Brachiopods, Anomalocaris
Cambrian
136
First Cambrian Extinction
Cambrian
137
End Ordivician Extinction
Ordivician
138
Way hotter
Ordivician
139
Age of Early Life
Pre cambrian period
140
Atmosphere was formed
Pre cambrian
141
Forming of continents
Pre cambrian
142
4.5 billion years ago
Pre cambrian
143
Limited volcanoes
Pre cambrian
144
High emission of Carbon Dioxide
Pre cambrian
145
Sponges, cnidarians, annelids, flatworms,corals,jellyfisc
Pre cambrian
146
Also known as Cryptozoic
Pre cambrian
147
Prokaryotes
Pre cambrian
148
Silurian
443.8m years ago
149
0.54% of geologic time
Silurian
150
Age of fishes
Devonian
151
419.2 m years ago
Devonian
152
1.3% of geo time
Devonian
153
Formation of Single landmass Euramerica from Laurentia and Baltica
Devonian period
154
Marine life really
Devonian
155
Global cooling
Late devonian mass extinction
156
Generally warm and stable
Silurian
157
very warm and generally dry
Devonian
158
Super greenhouse climate conditions
Devonian period
159
Laurasia and Gondwana
Jurrasic
160
Landmasses moved, mountains formed, oceans emerged
Cretaceaous
161
Conifers dominated
Jurassic
162
Flowering plants
Cretaceous
163
Cretaceous-Paleogene Extinction
asteroid struck near mexico
164
Greenhouse effect
Cretaceous
165
Missisipian period
358.9 million years ago
166
First major subdivision of Carboniferous era
Missisipian period
167
Limestone deposits in Laurasia
Missisipian
168
Conifer like trees
Missisipian
169
Golden age of sharks
Missisipian
170
Pennsylvanian period
323.2 million years ago
171
2nd major subdivision of the carboniferous period
Pennsylvanian
172
Non marine areas close to equator turned into coal swamps
Pennsylvaniaan period
173
Centipedes, Dragonflies
Pennsylvanian
174
Oxygen increase by 35%
Pennsylvanian
175
Cooling and drying
Pennsylvanian
176
Age of coal and oxygen
Pennsylvanian
177
Nicolas Steno
Geologic strata
