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ELS 1 > Universe, Solar system, Geological periods > Flashcards

Universe, Solar system, Geological periods Flashcards

1
Q

James Webb Telescope

A

longest and most powerful
near infrared to mid infrared light

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2
Q

Theory of Universe

A

Bigbang and Theory of Creation

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3
Q

Bigbang theory proposed and proponent

A

1920 Alexander Friedman and Georges Lamaitre

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4
Q

Bigbang theory definition

A

singularity era or Planck era
the universe came from a single point and it expanded
single point of infinite density and extreme heat

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5
Q

Days of Creation

A

6 days of creation

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6
Q

Inflationary era

A

It’s expanded

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7
Q

Formation of Universe

A

made up of particles of energy
freely moving
forces will hold them

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8
Q

particles of energy

A

quarks, electrons, protons, neutrons

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9
Q

types of forces

A

Strong, weak, gravitational, electromagnetic

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10
Q

Formation of basic elemenrs

A

protons and neutrons combined to produce helium nuclei or nucleosynthesis

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11
Q

Radiation era

A

energy in the form of EM waves

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12
Q

Matter domination

A

matter began to dominate
electrons joined w/hydrugen and helium nuclei make small neutral atoms. if not, ions are produced

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13
Q

Heliocentrism

A

planets orbit the sun

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14
Q

Proponent of Heliocentrism

A

Nicolaus Copernicus

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15
Q

Original proponent of Heliocentrism

A

Aristarcus

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16
Q

Geocentrism

A

ancient Greek
orbits earth

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17
Q

Geocentrism proponent

A

Claudius Ptolemy

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18
Q

Vortex theory proponent

A

Rene Descartes

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19
Q

Vortex theory

A

sun is at the center of a vast vortex

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20
Q

Collision theory proponent

A

Comte de Buffon and Georges Louis Leclerc

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21
Q

Collision theory

A

a comet striked the sun and then there, the planets were formed

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22
Q

Tidal theory

A

sun is approached by a star

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23
Q

Nebular theory proponent

A

Immanuel Kant

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24
Q

Nebular theory

A

gravitational swirling gas and dust forms the planets

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25
Q

Solar nebular theory

A

formation of our solar sistem came from a nebula

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26
Q

Solis for solar system is

A

latin term for Sun

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27
Q

Sun

A

yellow dwarf star thag brings light, made up of energy, has solar winds that hit the poles

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28
Q

Mercury

A

Closest planet, rocky planet with craters, fastest to revolve, looks like the moon

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29
Q

Venus

A

evening star, poisonus fog, thick atmosphere, silvery white in structure,filled with co2

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30
Q

Earth

A

most habitable planet,astronomical unit is 150 million km

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31
Q

Mars

A

red planet, has many iron in soul
2 moons phobos and deimos, 0.13% oxygen content

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32
Q

Jupiter

A

largest, giant ball of gas, has 80-95 moons

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33
Q

what is jupiter made of

A

hydrogen and ammonia

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34
Q

Saturn

A

has rings made of frozen gasses

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35
Q

saturn is made of what

A

hydrogen and helium

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36
Q

Uranus

A

Ecclectic, almost 90• tilt, cold and windy

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37
Q

Uranus is made up of

A

Hydrogen, Heelium, Methane

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38
Q

Neptune

A

bluish in color

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39
Q

Pluto

A

dwarf planet, can’t clear its neighboring region

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40
Q

Dwarf planets

A

Pluto, Makemake, Eres,Ceres,Haumea

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41
Q

Asteroids

A

remnants in space

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42
Q

Meteors

A

streak of light

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43
Q

Comet

A

icy body that can have diff colors

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44
Q

Meteor timeline

A

Meteoroid-Meteor-Meteorite

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45
Q

Birth of Stars and Galaxies

A

starts from dust and became nebula

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46
Q

Evidences of birth of stars

A

Galaxies moving away, CMB, Abudance of light elements

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47
Q

Galaxies moving away,red shift

A

Edwin hubble

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48
Q

Cosmic Microwave Background

A

Robert Willson and Arno Penzias

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49
Q

Trace amounts of Li and Be and Massive amounts of H and Hr

A

Abundance of light materials

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50
Q

Fate of Universe

A

Big Crunch or Bug Chill or Continue Forever

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51
Q

Big crunch

A

outward flight of galaxies will stop

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52
Q

Continue forever

A

Stop expanding

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53
Q

Big chill

A

continue to expand

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54
Q

Steady state theoru

A

no beginning bi end. a star dies, a new star replaces

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55
Q

Inflation theory

A

Flatness, monopule,Horizon

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56
Q

Flatness

A

things will appear flat

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57
Q

Monopule

A

production of magnetic poles

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58
Q

Horizon

A

things are so apart

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59
Q

1 light year

A

1 trillion

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60
Q

Laniakea Superclusters

A

immense heavens, great attractor of galaxies

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61
Q

Voyager Golden Recorder

A

116 images -record of earth

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62
Q

Voyager 1 happened in

A

Sept 1977

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63
Q

Voyager 2

A

August 1977

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64
Q

Local Galactic galaxies

A

Andromeda, Milky way, Triangulum

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65
Q

Relative dating

A

determine which rock came first

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66
Q

Absolute dating

A

radioactive dating

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67
Q

5 principles of relative dating

A

Superposition, Original Horizontality, Lateral Continuity, Cross cutting relationship, Inclusions

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68
Q

history repeats itself- changes in earths crust during geological history have resulted from action of continuous and unit processes

A

Uniformitarianism

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69
Q

Radiometric, amino acid dating,dendrochronology and thermoluminescence

A

Absolute dating

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70
Q

describes, which object is older

A

Relative data

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71
Q

Relative dating works best for

A

Sedimentary

72
Q

Stratigraphy

A

Rock successions

73
Q

Types of Fossils

A

Petrification, Compression, Mold and Cast, Preserved Remains

74
Q

Petrification

A

form when minerals replace structure of organism

75
Q

Compression

A

they are formed due to the burial of plant parts in sediments

76
Q

Mold and Cast

A

3 dimensional
and preserve the surface contours of an organism

77
Q

Mold

A

preserves a negative imprint of a surface, molder

78
Q

Cast

A

preserves the external form that f organism, chocolate

79
Q

Preserved remains

A

preservation of original skeleton and body parts

80
Q

Newest epoch

A

Anthropocene epoch

81
Q

Deciders of Epoch

A

Climate Magnetic Biologic Isotopic

82
Q

Geologic time scale

A

divided into Eons, Era, Period, Epoch

83
Q

Eons

A

largest division which can Epoch last up to hundreds of millions of years
-determined by prevelance of fossils

84
Q

Eras

A

next longest
marks major shift inbthe types of fossils

types: Palezoic, Mesozoic, Zenozoic

85
Q

Palezoic

A

Ancient

86
Q

Mesozoic

A

Middle

87
Q

Zenozoic

A

New

88
Q

Periods

A

divisions with in an era
mark stages within era
where diff kinds of life existed

89
Q

Epochs

A

shortest
divide periods into smaller units

90
Q

Hadean Eon happened

A

4.6-4 billion years ago

91
Q

Important events in Hadean eon

A

Earth coalesced, Primordial water, Earth meets moon, Core accretion, Magnetic field

92
Q

We obtained a heat source and temp is too high

A

Hadean eon

93
Q

Archean Eon important events

A

DNA is forning thru prokaryotes, Tectonic activities build continents, Prokaryotic bacteria emerging, Banded Iron Formation, Great Oxygenation event

94
Q

Climate began to stabilize

A

Archean eon

95
Q

First continent

A

Vaalbala

96
Q

Oxygen was formed

A

Archean eon

97
Q

Formed DNA

A

Archean eon

98
Q

Proterozoic era events importnat

A

Oxygen crisis, First Eukaryotes, Snowball, Multifellular life began, Ozone stabilization

99
Q

Killed cyanobacteria

A

Oxygen crisis in Proterozoic era

100
Q

Snowball earth

A

Proterozoic Era

101
Q

Ozone layer Thickened

A

Proterozoic era

102
Q

Palezoic era time

A

540-252Million years

103
Q

Paleozoic era important events

A

Cambrian explosion, Age of fishes and Amphibians, Carboniferous rainforest collapse, Permian-Triassic Extinction

104
Q

Fishes existed

A

Palezoic era

105
Q

Mesozoic era important events

A

Age of reptiles, conifers, dinosaurs. Pangea, Flowering plant, Transition coming

106
Q

Mammals and birds came from

A

Reptile ancestors

107
Q

Dinosaurs

A

Mesozoiz era

108
Q

Pangea was formed in what era

A

Mesozoic Era

109
Q

Cenozoic era

A

Dinosaurs became instinct, age of mammals, Modern earth, apes, stone ate, Homo Sapiens

110
Q

Homosapiens

A

improved

111
Q

Modernaization can have

A

Extinction

112
Q

Ordovician Silurian extinction

A

reasons of lost fishes

113
Q

Late Devonian extinction

A

Amphibians

114
Q

Permian-Triassia extinction

A

The great dying, 96%

115
Q

Triassic-Jurrasix

A

80% reptiles

116
Q

Cretaceous-Paleogene

A

Dinosaur

117
Q

Holocene extinction

A

reasons: habitat loss, poaching, climate

118
Q

Tertiary and Quarternary periods

A

marked significant geologic, climatic, oceanographic, biological shifts

119
Q

Five principal subdivision of T and Q period

A

Paleocene, Eocene, Oligocene, Miocene and Piliocene

120
Q

Earths landform evolved due to 100 million years of teconic plate actovity

A

Tertiary and Quarternary period

121
Q

Himalayas emergence

A

Tertiary and Quartnernay

122
Q

Homo sapiens and chimpanzees emerged

A

Tertiary

123
Q

Land bridges that allowed two way migration

A

Quarternary

124
Q

Ice covered earths surface diring Pleistocene Region epoch

A

Quarternary

125
Q

Continents reached their locations

A

Quarternary

126
Q

Quartnernary period began

A

2.58 million years ago

127
Q

Covers less than 1% of geologic ts

A

Quarternary period

128
Q

Pliocene appeared

A

Terriary period

129
Q

Happened 541 million years ago

A

Cambrian

130
Q

485.4 million years ago

A

Ordivician

131
Q

Rock formation

A

Cambrian

132
Q

Plate collision

A

Ordivician

133
Q

Algae, Lichen, Cyanobacteria

A

Cambrian

134
Q

Briophites, Eophites, Prototaxites

A

Ordivician

135
Q

Trilobites, Brachiopods, Anomalocaris

A

Cambrian

136
Q

First Cambrian Extinction

A

Cambrian

137
Q

End Ordivician Extinction

A

Ordivician

138
Q

Way hotter

A

Ordivician

139
Q

Age of Early Life

A

Pre cambrian period

140
Q

Atmosphere was formed

A

Pre cambrian

141
Q

Forming of continents

A

Pre cambrian

142
Q

4.5 billion years ago

A

Pre cambrian

143
Q

Limited volcanoes

A

Pre cambrian

144
Q

High emission of Carbon Dioxide

A

Pre cambrian

145
Q

Sponges, cnidarians, annelids, flatworms,corals,jellyfisc

A

Pre cambrian

146
Q

Also known as Cryptozoic

A

Pre cambrian

147
Q

Prokaryotes

A

Pre cambrian

148
Q

Silurian

A

443.8m years ago

149
Q

0.54% of geologic time

A

Silurian

150
Q

Age of fishes

A

Devonian

151
Q

419.2 m years ago

A

Devonian

152
Q

1.3% of geo time

A

Devonian

153
Q

Formation of Single landmass Euramerica from Laurentia and Baltica

A

Devonian period

154
Q

Marine life really

A

Devonian

155
Q

Global cooling

A

Late devonian mass extinction

156
Q

Generally warm and stable

A

Silurian

157
Q

very warm and generally dry

A

Devonian

158
Q

Super greenhouse climate conditions

A

Devonian period

159
Q

Laurasia and Gondwana

A

Jurrasic

160
Q

Landmasses moved, mountains formed, oceans emerged

A

Cretaceaous

161
Q

Conifers dominated

A

Jurassic

162
Q

Flowering plants

A

Cretaceous

163
Q

Cretaceous-Paleogene Extinction

A

asteroid struck near mexico

164
Q

Greenhouse effect

A

Cretaceous

165
Q

Missisipian period

A

358.9 million years ago

166
Q

First major subdivision of Carboniferous era

A

Missisipian period

167
Q

Limestone deposits in Laurasia

A

Missisipian

168
Q

Conifer like trees

A

Missisipian

169
Q

Golden age of sharks

A

Missisipian

170
Q

Pennsylvanian period

A

323.2 million years ago

171
Q

2nd major subdivision of the carboniferous period

A

Pennsylvanian

172
Q

Non marine areas close to equator turned into coal swamps

A

Pennsylvaniaan period

173
Q

Centipedes, Dragonflies

A

Pennsylvanian

174
Q

Oxygen increase by 35%

A

Pennsylvanian

175
Q

Cooling and drying

A

Pennsylvanian

176
Q

Age of coal and oxygen

A

Pennsylvanian

177
Q

Nicolas Steno

A

Geologic strata

ELS 1 (4 decks)

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