Geosphere Flashcards
Solid earth, not static
Geosphere
constant state of motion
surface
composition
structure
rocky outmost layer, most abundnat
crust
types of crust
Continental oceanic
Continental
Thucj but less dense, 1/3 of earth. silicate
Oceanic
Thinner but denze. basalt, silicate and magnesium
Thickest, middle part, 84% of earyj
Mantle
rigid and solid, some regions are malleable
Upper
where lithosphere and asthenosphere is
Upper mantle
denser and thicker mantle
Lower mantle
solid part
Lithosphere
dense, plasticity, causes plate tec
Asthenosphere
center, has iron and nickel
Core
Liquid iron and nickel, very low viscocity, site of convection
Outer
hot, dense ball of mostly solid iron
Inner core
Layer boyndaries
Mohorovicic, Repetty, Gutenberg, Lehmann
Crust and upper mantle discontinuity
Mohorovicic
Upper and lower mantle
Repetti
mantle core discontinuuty
Gutenberg
inner corr and oyter core
Lehmann
studt of rocks
Petrology
compacted for years and years
Sedimentary
types of sedimentary rocks
Clastic, Chemical, Organic
organic matter
organic
dissolved chemicals
chemical
charchoal
clastic
made from volcanic activity
Igneous rocks
types of igneaous rocks
intrusive extrusive
slowly
intrusive or plutonic
volcanic rocks, cool quickly like granites and obsedian
extrusive
transformation of other rocks
Metamorphic rocks or metamorphism
metamorphic rocks types
foliated or non-foliated
has layers
Foliated
no layers or lines
non-foliated
comes out from rocks surface
Igneous
naturally occuring is norganif solid materials
Minerals
color of mineral when powdered
streak
measurement of strength
Hardness
Property of rock breaks to plat plane
Cleavage
break along irregular surfaces
Fracture
shineness
Luster
ratio of weight the mineral gas to equal water
Specific gravity
less than specifuc gravity
Floats
more than
Sinks
identify some minerals thru its taste
Taste
Process that deforms earths crust
Tectonics
move around on top of asthenosphere
Tectonic plate
1912bby alfred wegener
Continental druft theory
continent original
Pangaea
2 parts of Pangaea
Laurasia and Gondwana
Evidences of Continental Drifttheory
Puzzle piece, Presence of Fossils, Patterns of Land, Rocks of same age across
Types of tectonic plate movement
Divergent, Convergent, Transform
moves away
Divergent
makes faylt or mid ocean ridges and seafloor spreading
Divergent
move towards
Convergent
mountain ridges
Continental
Plates slide
Transform boundary
earthquake
transform
makes mountain ridges and levels the land
Continental-Continental
the older goes down, trenches
Oceanic oceanic
oceanic subducts
continental-oceanic
Where do tsubamis happen
convergent and divergent boundaries
mechanical waves
Seismic waves
Types of Seismic waves
Body waves and Surface waves
arrives before surface waves
Body waves
two types of body waves
primary wave and secondary wave
fastest. fast in solid slow in liquid
P wave
cannot travel thru liquid
S wave
On earths surface
Surface waves
horizontal and vertical plane
Rayleigh wave
back and forth vibration
Love wave
anoung of damage
Intensity
strength of earthquake
Magnitude
buildings should be earthquake proof
Building code of the PH
Geomorphic processes types
Exogenous/Graduational and Degradation processes
breakage of rocks
Weathering
breakage of soul
soil erosion
avalanche, mud slides
Mass wasting
dysortition
Aggradation process
Endogenous process
create
deformation
Diastrophic Forces
Folding vs faulting
tension and compressional
makes mountains and ruptures
folding has twi parts anticline syncline
hinahati anv lupa
Faulting types
normal reverse strikeslip
Eperiogrnic proceesses
warping of large crust. vertical movements
eruption of molten rock onto earths surface
Volcanism
geo hazards of volcanism
Earthquake, Ground rupture, Liquefaction, Landslides, Tsunami
where movement of body wave starts
Hypocenter or focys
above the ground, surface waves hit
Epicenter
where the epicenter is
Meeting point
tearing of grounds surface
Ground rupture
scale of intensity
Vercalis
scale of magnitude
Richter
loosely pacjed water saturated oil looses strength
Liquefaction
Earthquake induced landslide
downwardvmovement of soil
Tsunami meaning
harbor tsu
wave nami in japanese
shaking from ground divergent and convergent
Tsunami
Winds
storm surge
Been waited
Manila bay fault
mixtures or rocks and glass particles
Volcanic ash and Tephra
indonesan term for volcanic mudflow
Lahar
lava flows
Pyroclastic Density Current
Ecologicak solid waste management act of 2000 ( RA 9003)
solid waste
Mid ocean ridge
Divergent Oceanic Oceanic
Trench
Convergent Oceanic Cobvergent
mountain ranges
Convergent conti conti