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Hosa > Universal precautions > Flashcards

Universal precautions Flashcards

1
Q

Define OSHA

A

Occupational safety and health Administration (a federal agency that is responsible for protecting the health and safety of workers)

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2
Q

Define blood borne pathogen

A

Organisms that cause disease that are transmitted by blood (or other body fluids) from an infected individual to other people.

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3
Q

What are two most common blood borne pathogens

A

Hepatitis B virus (HBV)
Human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)

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4
Q

What organ does hepatitis affect

A

Liver

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5
Q

Is there a vaccination for hepatitis B

A

Yes

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6
Q

What does CDC stand for

A

Center for disease control

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7
Q

There are four reasons for which the CDC recommend that a person receive the HBV vaccination?

A

*you are sexually active
*you share needles
*you are exposed or other potentially infectious materials
*you live with someone who is HBV+

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8
Q

How many shots are in the HBV series

A

3 shots

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9
Q

Has every student at MHS had the HBV vaccination

A

Yes

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10
Q

List 10 signs and symptoms of HBV

A

Fatigue(tired) anorexia/weight loss
Low grade fever
Aching muscles or joints stomach pain
Nausea
Diarrhea
Jaundice
Dark colored urine
Light colored stool

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11
Q

What does HIV stand for

A

Human immunodeficiency virus

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12
Q

What does AIDS stand for

A

Acquired immune deficiency syndrome

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13
Q

What kind of virus is HIV

A

A retrovirus that destroys the body’s immune system leaving the body defenseless

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14
Q

Is HIV a homosexual disease only

A

No

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15
Q

Is there a cure for HIV

A

No

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16
Q

Is there a vaccine for HIV

A

No

17
Q

Do people die from aids

A

Yes

18
Q

List nine signs and symptoms of HIV

A

Persistent fatigue
Fever,night sweat,or shaking
Chills lasting several weeks or more
Sudden weight loss of over 10 pounds
Diarrhea for a period of several weeks
Lymphedema
Anorexia
Dry cough that doesn’t go away
Leukoplakia

19
Q

Define universal precautions

A

A concept where blood and looks must be treated as if knows to be infections for HIV or other blood borne pathogens regardless of the precived “low risk” of a patient population

20
Q

List all of the Modes of transmission of HBV and HIV

A

Vaginal oral and anal sex
*sharing needles
*working around contaminated body fluids
Sharing personal care items
Tattoos ear piercing and acupuncture with infected needles *neonatal infection during birth
*physical contact with blood or other infectious wastes
*breast milk of infected mother

21
Q

What does it mean that “the universal precautions standard specifically applies”

A

If a person has HBV or HIV it will be in those fluids

22
Q

Define personal protective equipment

A

A barrier worn to protect skin and clothing

23
Q

List 5 PPE’s

A

Gowns
Mask
Gloves
Hair nets
Goggles

24
Q

List all of the fluids that te universal precautions standard specifically applies

A

Blood
Semen
Vaginal secretions
Cerebrospinal fluid brain and spinal cord
-perusal fluid=fluid around your lungs
-pericardial= around heart
-peritoned fluid* palvic cavity
Ammunitic fluid=around baby
-synovial fluid= around joints
Unfixed tissues= keeps things from rotting pathogen
- organs contaminated with these fluids

25
Q

List 6 body fluids that the universal precautions standard does not specifically apply

A

Tears
Sweat
Saliva
Mucus
Urine
Feces

26
Q

Define exposure control plan

A

A method by which job responsibilities are evaluated to determine the risk of being exposed to a blood borne pathogen once it’s risk

27
Q

Define engineering controls

A

A type of device that isolates or removes the hazard of blood borne pathogen

28
Q

List three healthcare engineering controls

A

Splash shields
Impervious needles boxes for disposable
Retractable syringes

29
Q

Define work practice controls

A

Reduces the likehood of r exposure by ensured that procedures are preformed by the safest techniques possible

30
Q

List four work practice controls

A

Not recapping needles
*double bagging specimens
*opening lids away from your self or others
*not to fill sharps above the fill line

31
Q

List the three methods that osha requires that healthcare facilities provide to keep their employees safe

A

Personal protective equipment (ppe)
*engineering controls
*work practice controls

32
Q

Define BSI

A

Body substance isolation defines all body fluids as infectious and therefor uses PPES on all body fluids

33
Q

What two groups was the hiv virus first introduced into the US through?

A

Homosexual
Intravenous IV drug users

Hosa (7 decks)

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