Units of Structure&Function Flashcards
review material from UPCO chp 4
Respiration occurs here which releases energy from food.
mitochondria
Water (and other materials)are stored here
Vacuole
Contains DNA
nucleus
Glucose is made by this organelle; photosynthesis occurs here
chloroplast
Organic energy molecule
ATP
Provides rigid structure to plant cell
Cell wall
Free- floating protein factories
Ribosomes
Regulates what enters and leaves cells
Cell membrane
Studded with ribosomes and transports proteins through the cell.
Rough ER
Inorganic waste product of cellular respiration
CO2; carbon dioxide
Acts as a shipping department to send materials out of the cell
Golgi Apparatus or Golgi Complex or Golgi Body
Serves as a custodian of cell by containing waste products; has digestive enzymes
Lysosomes
All the organelles float around in this
Cytoplasm
Cellular package container
Vesicle
Process that occurs in autotrophs only
photosynthesis
Process that occurs in all organisms and produces ATP
Cellular respiration
located in the nucleus and responsible for making ribosomes
nucleolus
long thread like structures located in the nucleus that contain genes
chromosomes
hereditary units made up of DNA that are found on chromosomes
genes
near the nucleus of animal cells; involved in cell division
centrioles
basic unit of structure of all living things
cell
cells-> ______–> organs–> ________–> organism
cells-> tissues__–> organs–> organ_systems–> organism
describes the cell membrane’s ability to allow certain things to pass through it.
selectively permeable
2 organelles found only in plant cells
cell wall and chloroplasts
cell membrane model description
fluid mosaic model; double lipid layer with proteins embedded in it which serve as protein channels and receptor molecules to recognize specific hormones or biochemicals or nutrients
organelle which plays a major role in maintaining homeostasis because it regulates what can enter and leave the cell.
cell membrane
found near the nucleus and is smooth; chemical reactions occur here and materials are transported through it
smooth ER
type of cell that carries impulses throughout animals
nerve cells
type of cells that carry oxygen in animal cells
red blood celss
type of cells that transport water and nutrients in plants
xylem and phloem
scientist that first observed and names the tiny box like structures seen in thin cork slices under the microscope
Robert Hooke
3 components of the Cell Theory
- Cell is the basic unit of structure of all living things.
- Cell is the basic unit of function of all living things.
- Cells arise from other living cells.
3 Exceptions to the Cell Theory
- Viruses are not made of cells, but they do contain genetic information and reproduce inside another cell which is called the host cell.
- The first cell could have arisen from pre-existing cells. (primordial soup of elements led to first cell)
- Mitochondria and chloroplasts are organelles that contain their own genetic material and can reproduce independently of the rest of the cell.
passage of material from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration w/o use of energy
passive transport or diffusion
passage of material from an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration with the use of ATP
active transport
diffusion of water
osmosis
when the number of particles are evenly distributed on both sides of a membrane they are said to be in….
equilibrium
difference in concentration between 2 areas is referred to as the ….
concentration gradient
