units 1 + 2 | the global tapestry and networks of exchange (1200-1450) Flashcards
1
Q
chinese dynasties
A
- about 13th-20th centuries
- song dynasty most important (fell 13th century)
2
Q
hinduism
A
- earliest known orgnanizedreligion
- centered in south asia
- caste system
3
Q
buddhism
A
- by prince siddhartha gautama, the buddha (500 BCE)
- spiritual equaltiy and missionary activity
- mahayana and theravada
- started in south asia
- srivijaya empire (southeast asia)
4
Q
confucianism
A
- by chinese philosopher confucius (6th century BCE)
- clear behavior, gender, and family rules
- philosophy, not a religion
- neo-confucianism in east asia
5
Q
neo-confucianism
A
- buddhism and daoism aspects
- promised eternal reward
- during song dynasty in china
- spread to japan and korea
6
Q
animism
A
- sees gods in nature
- hunting-foraging bands
7
Q
polytheism
A
worhip of many gods with different names and duties
8
Q
shamanism
A
where a human guide engages in spirit world to ask for things from nature
9
Q
monotheism
A
- belief in one god
- earliest was judaism in southwest asia
10
Q
christianity
A
- reform of judaism
- jesus believed he was sent by god to save humanity
- spread in roman empire
11
Q
islam
A
- arabia, 7th century CE
- prophet muhammad
- islam united polytheistic arab tribes
12
Q
dar al-islam
A
- “everywhere islam is”
- spain + nw africa to south + se asia
- not a unified political empire, just a large region of islamic faith
13
Q
caliphate
A
- regional states of dar al-islam
- led by caliphs
14
Q
turkic peoples
A
- central asian nomadic peoples
- seljuks and ottomans
- converted to islam
- created regional states called sultanates led by a sultan
15
Q
sultanate
A
- regional states created by turkish groups
- led by sultan
16
Q
diffusion of religions
A
- christianity, buddhism, islam
- buddhism and christianity spread by missionary monks
- christianity and islam spread by force
- all spread by trade
17
Q
syncretism in religions
A
- religions must be able to adapt to local customs
- buddha in east asia became provider of eternal salvation
- islam in south asia adopted hindu features and sufism
- christianity in new world adopted traditional gods
18
Q
the silk roads
A
- connected east asia to northern india + central asia + mediterranean + africa + europe
- caravan routes
- chinese goods and tech
18
Q
indian ocean trade network
A
- connected to silk roads
- heavier bulk items
- monsoon winds
19
Q
trans-saharan trade
A
- 8th-16th centuries
- gold, salt, animal hides, slaves
- muslims imported camels
- west african trade centers were djenne, goa, and timbuktu
20
Q
west african kingdoms
A
- mali did gold and salt trade
- exchanges between africa, europe, and asia
- mansa musa traveled in 14th century
21
Q
byzantine empire
A
- constantinople
- beginning back to roman empire
- ended by muslim forces in 1453
- center of orthodox christianity
22
Q
ethiopia
A
- greatest african empire
- christian
- 1200 to today
23
Q
mongols
A
- invaded south china all the way into russia and sw asia
- pax mongolica
- short lived
- created khanates
24
Q
pax mongolica
A
peace and trade throughout mongol territories
25
Q
bubonic plague
A
- originated through black sea trade routes
- during mongol conquest
- mid 14th century
- wiped 1/3 population of europe, china, and central asia
26
Q
mayan states
A
- mesoamerica
- complex society
- government fell in 10th century
27
Q
coerced labor
A
slavery, serfdom, indentured servitude, and corvee (government required labor on public works projects)
28
Q
feudalism
A
- western europe and japan (1200-1450)
- people bound to the land and were agricultural workers
- serfs and knights in europe
- samurai in japan
29
Q
zheng he
A
- ming dynasty
- expeditions across indian ocean + to se asia early 15th century
