United States History, Government, and Citizenship

Question 1

Who were the first European powers to explore and colonize the Americas, with Christopher Columbus’s voyages in 1492 marking a turning point?

Answer 1

Spanish and Portugese

Question 2

These early explorations were driven by the desire to find

Answer 2

1. New trade routes to Asia
2. Acquire wealth
3. Spread Christianity

Question 3

Spain established a vast empire in the Americas, including what are now:

Answer 3

Florida, the Southwest, and parts of Mexico and Central and South America.

Question 4

The first permanent English settlement in North America was established at

Answer 4

Jamestown, VA

Question 5

English colonies expanded along the ..

Answer 5

Atlantic coast, eventually establishing 13 colonies.

Question 6

Who explored and claimed parts of Canada and the Mississippi River Valley, establishing settlements like Quebec and New Orleans?

Answer 6

France

Question 7

Who established New Netherland, which encompassed present-day New York, New Jersey, and parts of Delaware and Connecticut.

Answer 7

Dutch

Question 8

It was the insurrection fought between 1775 and 1783 through which 13 of Great Britain’s North American colonies threw off British rule to establish the sovereign United States of America, founded with the Declaration of Independence in 1776.

Answer 8

American Revolution

Question 9

What started with a revolt by the North American colonies in 1765?

Answer 9

American Revolution

Question 10

What ended the Revolutionary War?

Answer 10

Treaty of Paris

Question 11

Who are the founding fathers?

Answer 11

John Adams
Thomas Jefferson
Benjamin Frankline

Question 12

Who did America align with to when the Revolutionary War?

Answer 12

French

Question 13

What lead to the Revolutionary War?

Answer 13

1. British government imposed taxes on the colonies without providing any representation for colonial interest.
2. The British army has stationed troops in the colonies, which was seen as a provocative move by the colonist.
3. The British government had also implemented a number of trade regulations that were detrimental to the economic interest of the colonies.

Question 14

Shift from agriculture to industrial economies.

Answer 14

1st Industrial Revolution

Question 15

2nd Industrial Revolution

Answer 15

The assembly line, mass production techniques, and advancements in communication technologies (like the telegraph and telephone) were key innovations.

Question 16

Power resides in the people, who exercise it directly or through elected representatives.

Answer 16

Democracy

Question 17

Citizens participate directly in decision making.

Answer 17

Direct Democracy

Question 18

A system where a single person, the monarch (king or queen), holds supreme power, often by hereditary right.

Answer 18

Monarchy

Question 19

Power is held by a small group of people, often based on wealth, social status, or military strength.

Answer 19

Oligarchy

Question 20

A system where one person holds absolute power, often through force and intimidation.

Answer 20

Autocracy

Question 21

incoln’s three-minute-long speechdefined the meaning of the Civil War. Drawing upon the biblical concepts of suffering, consecration, and resurrection, he described the war as a momentous chapter in the global struggle for self- government, liberty, and equality.

Answer 21

Gettysburg Address

Question 22

“Give me Liberty or Give me Death” 1775

Answer 22

Patrick Henry

Question 23

“Gettysburg Address”

Answer 23

Abraham Lincoln

Question 24

“First Inaugural Address” 1933

Answer 24

FDRs

Question 25

"I have a dream"

Answer 25

MLK Jr

Question 26

The Supreme Court established the principle of judicial review, meaning the Court has the power to declare laws unconstitutional, solidifying its role as the ultimate interpreter of the Constitution. 

Answer 26

Marbury v Madison

Question 27

the Supreme Court ruled that state-sponsored segregation in public schools was unconstitutional, overturning the "separate but equal" doctrine established in Plessy v. Ferguson. 

Answer 27

Brown v Board of Education of Topeka

Question 28

Supreme Court decision, which struck down racial quotas in college admissions, directly influenced subsequent debates and legal challenges regarding affirmative action and diversity in higher education, setting the stage for cases like Grutter v. Bollinger (2003). 

Answer 28

California v Bakke

Question 29

Early 19th Century Immigrants

Answer 29

Irish and Germans

Question 30

Mid-19th Century Immigrants

Answer 30

Chinese

Question 31

Late 19th Century Immigrants

Answer 31

European Chinese Exclusion Act

Question 32

End of 19th Century Immigrants

Answer 32

Italians, Poles, and Russians

Question 33

What metaphor suggests immigrants assimilate into a dominant culture?

Answer 33

Melting Pot

Question 34

What signifies the recognition and acceptance of diversity in various aspects of society, encompassing religious, cultural, social, and political spheres, where different groups can coexist and participate equally.

Answer 34

Pluralism

Question 35

What describes a society where diverse cultures coexist and are valued?

Answer 35

Multiculturalism

Question 36

the primary distinction between democratic and non-democratic governance is the power bestowed on the ______________ _____________ ; power is bestowed on the people in a democratic system, but power in a non-democratic government is vested in the _______.

Answer 36

common people rulers

Question 37

What was signed by the Pilgrims aboard the Mayflower, this document established a framework for self-government in the new colony.

Answer 37

Mayflower Compact

Question 38

This English charter, signed by ________, was the first document to put into writing the principle that the king and his government were not above the law. 

Answer 38

Magna Carta King John

Question 39

make/draft laws

Answer 39

Legislative

Question 40

Made of the Congress---> Senate/HOR

Answer 40

Legislative

Question 41

How many Senates?

Answer 41

100

Question 42

How many HOR?

Answer 42

435

Question 43

Made up of the President, Vice President and Cabinet Members

Answer 43

Executive

Question 44

Signs Laws

Answer 44

Executive

Question 45

Interprets laws

Answer 45

Judicial

Question 46

Made up of the Supreme Court

Answer 46

Judicial

Question 48

At what point did France directly ally with the Continental Army to battle Great Britain.

Answer 48

After the battle of Saratoga

Question 49

How many states were initially part of the Confederacy on the day that it established the Confederate States of America.

Answer 49

7 South Carolina Mississippi Florida Alabama Georgia Louisiana Texas

Question 50

Around 1849, the discovery of a certain valuable resource contributed to a significant influx of people on the West Coast, particularly in California. Which of the following terms is used to refer to this phenomenon.

Answer 50

The gold rush

Question 51

The supply of good will increase its proportion to an increase in its price. This is because an increased price means increased profits for suppliers.

Answer 51

Law of supply

Question 52

Following the Louisiana purchase, Thomas Jefferson ordered what task to be completed

Answer 52

Thomas Jefferson instructed Merriweather Lewis and William Clark to explore the area for the recent Louisiana purchase, also known as the Lewis and Clark expedition

Question 53

How did Andrew Jackson respond to the verdict of the Cherokee nation versus Georgia and Worcester versus Georgia court cases?

Answer 53

He ignored the ruling that states did not have the power to force save Americans from their land and continued with horse removal.

Question 54

What document was intended to help people understand the constitution and why the state should ratify it

Answer 54

The Federalist Papers

Question 56

Which entity of US government has the power to declare war?

Answer 56

Congress

Question 57

Who used the Bessemer steel process for railroads?

Answer 57

Andrew Carnegie

Question 58

What consist of a group of people that has a prominent ethnicity different from the surrounding communities?

Answer 58

An ethnic enclave

Question 59

What civilization was first to use irrigation?

Answer 59

Mesopotamia

Question 60

What strategies was used during the Cold War to stop the spread of communism?

Answer 60

Containment

Question 61

What appropriately describes civic duty

Answer 61

A duty required by law

Question 62

A parliamentary government usually headed by what type of leader?

Answer 62

Prime Minister

Question 63

How long was the person resided in the US before becoming a citizen?

Answer 63

5 years

Question 64

Which location would most likely have the highest latitude?

Answer 64

Highest north so lowest

Question 66

Desire to limit worker, exploitation, and eliminate economic classes

Answer 66

Communism & socialism

Question 67

Who was the economist and philosopher who wrote the communist manifesto?

Answer 67

Karl marks As Europe transition from centralized monarchy to quasi-democratic capitalist economies workers were being exploited by those who owned the means of production.

Question 68

A democratic state controls, the means of production rather than having private companies hold ownership

Answer 68

Socialism Socialism has workers contribute as much as they can to the greater good and then they all share equally in that good

Question 69

Corruption is a rampant in countries like the former USSR, Venezuela, Vietnam, and North Korea- largely due to the people in power, abusing the powers of using it to help the society they control

Answer 69

Stalin Machuro Ho Chi Minh Kim jonh-un

Question 71

Who has the power in 1. socialist (Venezuala, SA) 2. Capitalism

Answer 71

1. Government 2. Private individuals or businesses own and control the means of production, distribution, and exchange of goods and services. A) Adam Smith B) Karl Marx

Question 72

What stand from the fundamental differences between the capitalist, democratic values of the west and the communist ideology of the Soviet Union.

Answer 72

Cold War

Question 73

The United States

Question 74

The US and allies formed _________ for collective defense, while the Soviet Union in its allies formed the _______

Answer 74

NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organization) Warsaw Pact

Question 75

A symbol of the Cold War division

Answer 75

Berlin Wall Paved away for German reunification in the eventual collapse of the Soviet Union

Question 76

What ended the Cold War?

Answer 76

The dissolve vehemently of the Soviet Union in 1991

Question 77

Who and where were the indigenous people?

Answer 77

Native American people inhabitants of North America.

Question 78

It encourages the desegregation of schools And It outlawed employment, discrimination, and segregation in public places based on race, color, religion, sex, and national origin

Answer 78

Civil Rights Act of 1964