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United States Flashcards

1
Q

Which State produces the most wine in the U.S.?

A

California

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2
Q

3 Native Grapevine species to North America?

A 
vitis labrusca (concord)
vitis rotundifolia (scuppernong)
vitis aestivalis (norton)
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3
Q

Who was George Yount?

A

First American settler in Napa Valley, planted its first Vineyard by 1839

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4
Q

Who produced California’s first wine?

A

Franciscans at the San Juan Capistrano Mission in 1783, mission grape.

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5
Q

Who was Agoston Haraszthy?

A
  • Founded Buena Vista, one of California’s oldest commercial wineries.
  • ‘Father of California wine’
  • introduced more than 300 varieties to the state from European vine cuttings.
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6
Q

Who is Charles Krug?

A
  • Charles Krug Winery

- Oldest winery in Napa.

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7
Q

Who is Jacob Schram?

A

Founded Schramsberg in 1862

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8
Q

What is Napa’s oldest continuously operating winery?

A

Beringer, established in 1876

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9
Q

Who is Gustav Niebaum?

A

Founded Inglenook in 1880

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10
Q

What is the most common rootstock to graft to, in order to combat phylloxera?

A

vitis riparia

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11
Q

America’s oldest bonded winery?

A

Pleasant Valley Wine Company, est 1860 near Hammondsport in Finger Lakes

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12
Q

Who is credited for discovering the innate resistance of American grapes species to phylloxera?

A

Charles Valentine Riley, a Missouri entomologist

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13
Q

Who produces Thunderbird and Night Train Express?

A

Gallo

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14
Q

Who introduced temperature controlled fermentations and controlled malolactic fermentation techniques to California?

A

Andre Tchelistcheff,

hired by Georges Latour in 1938 to oversee production at Beaulieu

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15
Q

Hanzell, Martin Ray, and Simi produce wine in which county?

A

Sonoma

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16
Q

Where does Ridge produce Monte Bello?

A

Santa Cruz Mountains

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17
Q

Where is Sanford & Benedict Vineyard?

A

Santa Barbara’s Sta. Rita Hills

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18
Q

Who proved that vitis vinefera could grow successfully in the Finger Lakes? Winery name?

A

Dr. Konstantin Frank, Vinifera Wine Cellars

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19
Q

Who is David Lett?

A

Eyrie Vineyard, pioneer of Pinot Noir in Willamette

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20
Q

Which California wineries placed first in the 1976 Judgement of Paris?

A

Stag’s Leap Wine Cellars Cabernet Sauvignon

Chateau Montelena Chardonnay

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21
Q

What organization regulates the AVA system? What organization created the AVA system?

A

Tax and Trade Bureau (TTB) regulates today.

Created in late 1970s by the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, and Firearms (ATF)

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22
Q

% of grapes required for labeling by AVA in U.S.?

A

85%

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23
Q

% of grapes required for labeling by country, state, or county in U.S.?

A

75%;

Exception for California, Washington, and Oregon; California and Oregon require 100% to originate from stated State. Washington requires 95%

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24
Q

% of grapes for labeling with single vineyard in U.S.?

A

95%

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25
Rules for vintage wine in the U.S.?
- Must carry an appellation smaller than a country - If labeled with an AVA, 95% must come from that vintage - If labeled with state or county, minimum is 85% from that vintage.
26
If a wine is labeled with a varietal designation in the U.S., what % must be the stated variety?
75%; vitis labrusca grapes are an exception, only need to comprise 51% of a varietal wine.
27
U.S. label requirements for alcohol?
Margin of plus or minus 1.5%
28
What is the alcohol range for a table wine or light wine in the U.S.?
7%-14%
29
What was the first AVA?
Augusta AVA in Missouri
30
What % of a wine must come from grapes grown on land owned or controlled by the winery to qualify for the term 'estate bottled' in the U.S.? Can the land be from separate AVAs?
100%; No, winery and all vineyards used in production must be within the same AVA for estate bottled.
31
5 Major winegrowing regions of California?
``` North Coast Central Coast South Coast San Francisco Bay Sierra Foothills ```
32
Why are most fine wine districts in California located near the coast?
Fog and cool sea breezes mitigate temperatures and create a large diurnal swing.
33
Where is most of California's volume of wine produced?
Central Valley, not an AVA
34
What is Meritage?
A premium blend in which no grape accounts for more than 90% of the wine. Can be red or white, but must be from Bordeaux varieties.
35
What is the name of the geographical feature that funnels air through Napa Valley?
Petaluma Gap
36
Districts/Sub-Avas of Napa Valley?
``` Calistoga Diamond Mountain District Chiles Valley District Spring Mountain District Howell Mountain St. Helena Rutherford Oakville Yountville Mount Veeder Stags Leap District Atlas Peak Oak Knoll District of Napa Valley Los Carneros Coombsville Wild Horse Valley ```
37
What are the two mountain ranges that form Napa Valley and which is East/West?
Mayacamas - West | Vaca - East
38
What is Napa Valley's Northernmost Ava?
Calistoga
39
What is Napa Valley's Southernmost AVA?
Carneros
40
Which AVA is shared between Sonoma Coast and Napa Valley?
Carneros
41
What is the first sub-appellation wholly within Napa Valley to receive its own AVA?
Howell Mountain
42
What is the only appellation that is altitude specific?
Howell Mountain, beginning at 1400ft.
43
Name 9 of Sonoma County's 18 AVAs?
``` Alexander Valley Dry Creek Valley Rockpile Bennett Valley Knights Valley Chalk Hill Russian River Valley Sonoma Valley Moon Mountain District Sonoma County Green Valley of Russian River Valley Sonoma Mountain Sonoma Coast Northern Sonoma Pine Mountain-Cloverdale Peak Fort Ross-Seaview Fountaingrove District Petaluma Gap Carneros ```
44
What requirement in Sonoma County was added in 2011 for all wines produced in the county?
All wines must state Sonoma County on the label, regardless of whether or not the label also indicates an AVA
45
Which AVA in the Sonoma Coast harbors the coolest temperatures?
Sonoma Coast AVA, particularly the northern stretches- Altitude, ocean air, coastal fog
46
What is Goldridge?
A sandy loam soil that characterizes Russian River Valley and Green Valley
47
Which AVA is nestled within Russian River Valley AVA?
Green Valley
48
What aspect of Green Valley is most distinct from Russian River Valley?
Cooler Temperatures`
49
Sonoma Coast Producers of note?
Marcassin Hirsch Peay
50
Russian River Valley Producers?
Dehlinger Joseph Swan Rochioli Williams-Selyem
51
Green Valley Producers of note?
Kosta Browne Freeman Iron Horse
52
What is the warmest AVA in Sonoma County?
Knights Valley
53
What grape would be most likely to come from Dry Creek Valley and Rockpile?
Zinfandel
54
Who produces Les Pavots?
Peter Michael in Knights Valley
55
What grape is Bennett Valley known for?
Merlot
56
What is Sonoma County's newest AVA?
Petaluma Gap AVA
57
In Mendocino, the best winegrowing regions are centered at the confluence of what two rivers?
Navarro and Russian Rivers
58
What AVAs are encompassed by Mendocino AVA?
``` Anderson Valley Potter Valley Redwood Valley McDowell Valley Yorkville Highlands Cole Ranch Mencocino Ridge (partially) ```
59
In 2014, Mendocino AVA changed size. How and why?
Decreased in size; so that it did not overlap new AVA Eagle Peak Mendocino County.
60
Smallest AVA in America?
Cole Ranch
61
Cole Ranch is a monopole of?
Esterlina
62
McDowell Valley is a monopole of?
McDowell Valley Winery
63
Anderson valley has a warm or cool climate?
Cool
64
Where does Roederer operate in the US to make sparkling wine?
Anderson Valley
65
Smallest wine-producing county in the North Coast?
Lake County
66
Mendocino Ridge is restricted to vineyards how far above sea level?
1200 ft
67
What body of water has the greatest affect on Lake County?
Clear Lake
68
Where is the Monte Bello Vineyard Located? Who is the owner?
Santa Cruz Mountains; Ridge
69
Where are the Santa Cruz Mountains located?
South of San Francisco Bay on the Coast
70
What geological formation influences air currents in Paso Robles AVA?
Templeton Gap
71
Who planted California's First commercial Syrah vines and where?
Gary Eberle; Tablas Creek vineyard in Paso Robles
72
What is Hospices du Rhone and where is it held?
Paso Robles World's largest Rhone wine celebration
73
What is the dominant mountain range in Washington?
Cascade Mountains
74
What event between 12000 and 18000 years ago deposited sediments over the basalt shelves in Washington?
Missoula Floods, catastrophic cycle of massive floods that occurred repeatedly at the end of the last ice age.
75
Largest appellation in Washington?
Columbia Valley AVA
76
Washington state AVAs?
``` Columbia Valley Columbia Gorge Walla Walla Valley Lake Chelan Ancient Lakes of Columbia Valley Wahluke Slope Yakima Valley Naches Heights Red Mountain Snipes Mountain Rattlesnake Hills Horse Heaven Hills Puget Sound Lewis-Clark Valley ``` ``` Goose Gap White Bluffs The Burn of Columbia Valley Candy Mountain Royal Slope ```
77
First AVA in Washington?
Yakima Valley
78
Yakima Valley nested AVAs?
``` Snipes Mountain Rattlesnake Hills Red Mountain Candy Mountain Goose Gap ```
79
AVA shared between Oregon and Washington?
Walla Walla Valley

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