United nations Flashcards
UN- world peace and security
- India- founding member
- 6 principle organs- UNGA, Security council, ICJ, Secretariat, Economic and social council, trusteeship council
- 193 members
News:
India as president of UNSC - proposed NORMS as part of reforms in UN.
NORMS- NEW ORIENTATION FOR REFORMED MULTILATERALISM- a representative multilateral structure to address emerging challenges such as terrorism, radicalism, pandemics, threats from new technologies
UNGA
Main policy making body
193 members
It has passed few resolutionb
Resolution 1. Access to clean and healthy environment
As universal human right
Not binding
Not included in UDHR, 1948
INDIA Voted in favour
Res 2. On multilingualism
Sponsored by india
To disseminate info in official and non official languages
Official: 6- English, Arabic, Spanish, Russian,french and Chinese
Res 3 .To develop an international tax co operation framework
Submitted by Nigeria on behalf of 54 African countries consortium
OECD ki tippalu Inka
Two pillar solution spearheaded by OECD - agreed by 136 countries
Taxing rights and allocation of profits where consumer base is there
Global effective minimum tax of 15- if not imposed - other country can tax back
UNSC
crisis management body
5 permanent
10 non permanent
Presidency by members alphabetical order
Last year non permanent: india, Mexico, Ireland, Kenya, Norway
This year - equador, Japan, Malta, Mozambique, Switzerland
Other non permanent: Albania, Ghana, ghabon, UAE, BRAZIL
G4( Germany, Japan, Brazil, india) and L69
UN HRC
UNGA Suspended membership of Russia from UNHRC for war on Ukraine
UNGA can do so ( not UNHRC)- two thirds majority of P&V
UDHR,1948+ 2Covenants- ICCPR, ICESCR
Intergovt body - 47 states
Reports directly to UNGA
NOT LEGALLY BINDING
Replaced COMMISSION ON HR( as subsidiary to (ECOSOC) TO
UNHRC
Universal periodic review by UN member states peer reviewed
India re-elected to UNHRC 6th term( 2022-24)
UNHRC has seats region wise - UNGA elects the sattes from those region
Two consecutive terms- three years each after that no re election immediately
ECOSOC
Organ of UN
India gets elected to 4 ECOSOC bodies
Last year elected to ECOSOC - IOKA- India, Oman, Kazakhstan, afg
4 bodies:
1. Commission on social devt
2. Committee on non govt orgns( NGO)
3. Commission on Science and development
4. Committee on social, economic and cultural rights
India- UN development fund
Estb in 2017 for India by UNOSSC- UN south South collaboration- this is estb by UNGA
UNOSSC is hosted by UNDP since 1974
We contribute fund to that . Celebration for 5 years completion
UN commission on status of women
Estd by ECOSOC
intergovt body
1946
Implement of Beijing declaration
45 member states - elected by ECOSOC- 4 yrs term
India elected now- 2021-2025
ECOSOC adopted RESOLUTION to remove Iran from CSW WE
Nansen refugee award
Angela Merkel got
For protecting refugees of Syria
Nansen- norwegian first high commission to refugees for league of nations and won Nobel prize
First recipient of nansen award- Eleanor Roosevelt
UNHC for Refugees
Global orgn- 1950 aftermath of WW2
