UNIT4 (by aly) Flashcards
____ are raw health care facts, generally stored as characters, words, symbols, measurements, or statistics
Health data
____ are data processed into knowledge; structured and meaningful form
Health information
What do u call facts concerning ppl, objects, vents, or other entities?
data
serves as a storage for data
database
What do u call data presented in a form suitable for interpretation?
Information
These are insights into appropriate actions based on interpreted data.
Knowledge
Data Management consists of what?
4 components
- Information flow
- Data collection & management
- Patient privacy & confidentiality
- Computer skills
what do u call the process of storing, protecting, and analyzing data pulled from diverse sources?
Healthcare data management
Identify the form of “Big Data”
Streaming data, requiring milliseconds to seconds to respond
Data in Motion
Identify the form of big data
Terabytes to exabytes of existing data to process
Data at Rest
Identify the form of “Big Data”
Structured, unstructured, text, multimedia,…
Data in Many Forms
Identify the form of “Big Data”
Uncertainty due to data inconsistency & incompletenessm ambiguities, latency, deception, model, approximations
Data in Doubt
4 V’s of data
- Volume
- Variety
- Velocity
- Veracity
What V in Health Data is related to refresh rate?
Velocity
____ refers to the amount of data that exists
V of big data
Volume
refers to how quickly data is generated and how quickly that data moves
V of big data
Velocity
Benefits of Healthcare Data Management
- Create 360 degree views of consumers, patients, and housholds
- Enhance patient engagement
- Improve population health
- Make informed, high impact business decisions
- Understand physiacian activity
refers to the quality and accuracy of data.
V of big data
Veracity
Enumerate the Elements of Data Resource Management
- Entity
- Character
- Field
- Record
- File
- Database
Identify this element of Data Resource Management
Any object about which an organization chooses to collect data
types of people, events, inanimate objects
Entity
Identify this element of Data Resource Management
Smallest piece of data
hardest to get
Character
Identify this element of Data Resource Management
One piece of information about an entity
Field
Identify this element of Data Resource Management
Fields related to the same entity
Record
Identify this element of Data Resource Management
Collection of related records
File
Identify this element of Data Resource Management
Collection of files that are kept together
Database
Data Resource Management
What do you call the program used to build databases, populate them with data, and manipulate the data?
Database Management System (DBMS)
Data Resource Management
What do you call the messages sent to the database to access data?
Queries
Data Resource Management
Enumerate the purpose of Queries
- display results
- manipulate data (adding, deleting, updating)
- sort the order of records
Data Resource Management
Component of DBMs that are usually bundled with report generation module which can facilitate queries and produce predesigned reports
Reports
Data Resource Management
Use of databases may raise ____ and privacy issues
Security
Data Resource Management
What are the solutions on security and privacy issues?
- provide restricted access
- require login before accessing database
- limit access to certain fields depending on the types of user
Data Resource Management
A magnification or expansion of the amount, types, and level of detail od data that is collected and stored
involves high volumes of data compiled from traditional, ordinary business activities, as well as newer, non-traditional sources such as social media
Big Data
Outcome of Data Warehousing
The process of selecting, exploring, and modeling largee amounts of data to discover previously unkwon relationships that can support decision making
this software searches through large amounts of data for meaningful patterns of information
Data Mining
Data Resource Management
A large database that contains data, or summaries of data, from millions of transactions over many years
also supports management decision making
Data warehouse
Outcome of Data Warehousing
Applications that respond to commands by composing tables to analyze different dimensions of multidimensional data
Online Analytical Processing
Types of Data Sources for Healthcare Quality Measures
- Administrative Data
- Patient Medical Records
- Patient Surveys
- Comments from Individual Patients
- Standardized Clinical Data
Types of Administrative Data
- Financial Data
- Logistic Data
- Quality Assessment
Types of Administrative Data
Primarily public and private insurance claims
Released by Department of Health and Human Services (HHS)
includes managed care plans, hospital discharge datasets, and revenue cycle
Financial Data
Types of Administrative Data
pertains to several aspects of patient care including care-team compositions and staffing metrics + resource utilization
Logistical data
Types of Administrative Data
Performance analyses of the service provides (i.e., reviews of clinician performance)
also includes px satisfaction surveys & hospital quality measures
Quality Assessments
Identify the data source based on advantages/disadvantages
- Limited clinical information
- Questionable accuracy for public reporting because the primary purpose is billing
- completeness
- timeliness
Administrative data
Identify the data source based on advantages/disadvantages
- Available electronically.
- Less expensive than obtaining medical record data.
- Available for an entire population of patients and across payers.
- Fairly uniform (and improving) coding systems and practices.
Administrative data
Data Resource Management
Applications that respond to commands by composing tables to analyze different dimensions of multidimensional data
Online Analytical Processing
What do you call the records that contains a px’s medical history and care?
Obj of this to improve the ease and cost of using this info for quality measurement and reporting
Patient Medical Records
Identify the data source based on advantages/disadvantages
- cost, complexity, and time required to compile data
- trained staff must manually abstract information.
Patient Medical Records
Identify the data source based on advantages/disadvantages
- Rich in clinical detail
- Viewed by providers as credible
Patient Medical Records
What do u call the self-reported information from patients abt their healthcare experiences?
also includes reports on the care, service, or treatment received and perceptions of the outcomes of care
Patient Surveys
Identify the data source based on advantages/disadvantages
- Captures types of information for which patients are the best source.
- Well-established methods for survey design and administration.
- Easy for consumers to understand and relate to survey results.
Patient surveys
Identify the data source based on advantages/disadvantages
- Cost of survey administration.
- Possibility of misleading results
- questions are worded poorly,
- survey administration procedures are not standardized,
- sampling bias response bias
Patient surveys
anecdotal information, include any type of information on health care quality that is gathered informally
Comments from Individual Patients
Identify the data source based on advantages/disadvantages
- Compelling to consumers to read about other people’s experiences.
- Efficient means for conveying information and influencing people’s decisions and behavior.
Patient Comments
Identify the data source based on advantages/disadvantages
- Not an impartial assessment of health care quality
- Not representative of the patient population.
- Likely to have an undue influence on people’s health care decision making.
Patient Comments
What do you call the detailed information about the status of each patient at set time intervals?
Standardized Clinical Data
What do you call the required information for nursing homes?
Minimum Data Set (MDS)
What do you call the data required by Medicare for certified home health agencies?
Outcome and Assessment Information Set (OASIS)
Challenges of Standardized Clinical Data
May not address all topics of interest.
Advantages of Standardized Clinical Data
- Uses existing data sets.
- Characterizes facility performance in multiple domains of care.
it represents the study of information contained within an individual’s genome and the biological derivatives of these genes
- Genes (genomics)
- Gene expression and RNA (transcriptomics) * Proteins (proteomics)
- Metabolites (metabolomics)
- Lipids (Lipidomics)
Omics Data
two types of demographic data
- Intrinsic (age, sex, height, etc.)
- Extrinsic (address, marital status, religion, etc.)
Tracking a patient
- PATIENTS
- ADMISSIONS
- ICUSTAYS
- SERVICES
- TRANSFERS
- CALLOUT
The Characteristics of Quality Healthcare Data
- Data must be valid and accurate
- Typographical errors in discharge summaries and misspelled names are examples of inaccurate data.
Data Accuracy
The Characteristics of Quality Healthcare Data
Data that are not available to the decision makers needing them are of no value to those decision makers.
Data Accessibility
The Characteristics of Quality Healthcare Data
All the data required for a particular use must be present and available to the user. Even relevant data may not be useful when they are incomplete.
Data Comprehensiveness
The Characteristics of Quality Healthcare Data
Quality data are ____. Use of an abbreviation that has two different meanings is a good example of how lack of consistency can lead to problems.
Consistent
The Characteristics of Quality Healthcare Data
Many types of health care data become obsolete after a period of time. A patient’s admitting diagnosis is often not the same as the diagnosis recorded on discharge.
Data Currency
The Characteristics of Quality Healthcare Data
Clear ____ of data elements must be provided so that current and future data users will understand what the data mean.
Definition
The Characteristics of Quality Healthcare Data
Sometimes referred to as data atomicity. That is, individual data elements are “atomic” in the sense that they cannot be further subdivided.
Data Granularity
The Characteristics of Quality Healthcare Data
This often relates to numerical data. It denotes how close to an actual size, weight, or other standard a particular measurement is. Some health care data must be very precise.
Data Precision
The Characteristics of Quality Healthcare Data
Data must be relevant to the purpose for which they are collected.
Data Relevancy
The Characteristics of Quality Healthcare Data
_______ is a critical dimension in the quality of many types of health care data.
Data Timeliness
List the Characteristics of Quality Healthcare Data
- Accuracy
- Accessibility
- Comprehensiveness
- Consistency
- Currency
- Definition
- Granularity
- Precision
- Relevancy
- Timeliness
Other types of health data
- demographic data
- wellness data
- mHealth
- electronic medical records
- clinical data
- diagnoses
- CPT codes
- medications/prescriptions
- clinical notes
- microbiology & lab results
- chart events
What do you call the branch of genetics that explored how omics data can be utilized to identify the treatment efficacy of various medications and medication dosages for a particular individual?
Pharmacogenomics
What do you call the type of data usually associated with a fitness tracker?
Wellness data
what do you call the term used for the practice of medicine and public health supported by mobile devices?
mHealth
Mobile Health
MIMIC stands for?
Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care
