UNIT XV - Mobility Flashcards
Define Mobility.
The ability to move freely, easily, rhythmically, and purposefully in the environment, is an essential part of living.
What are the four basic elements of normal movement?
Body alignment (posture)
Joint mobility
Balance
Coordinated movement
Describe Flexion
Decreasing the angle of the joint
e.g. bending the elbow
Describe Extension
Increasing the angle of the joint
e.g. straightening the arm at the elbow
Describe Hyperextension
Further extension or straightening of a joint.
e.g. bending the head backward
What is a contracture?
When the muscle permanently shorten, and the joint becomes fixed in a flexed position.
Describe Adbuction
Movement of the bone away from the midline of the body.
Describe Adduction
Movement of the bone toward the midline of the body.
ATI - Ambulation Module
A nurse is observing an assistive personnel (AP) who is using a mechanical lift with a hammock sling to transfer a patient from the bed to a chair. The nurse should intervene if the AP
A. places the sling under the patient from the shoulders to the knees.
B. leaves the bed in the lowest position throughout the procedure.
C. locks the hydraulic valve before attaching the sling to the lift.
D. raises the head of the bed to a sitting position just before transfer
B. leaves the bed in the lowest position throughout the procedure.
ATI - Ambulation Module
A nurse is caring for a hospitalized patient who is performing active range-of-motion exercises. Which of the following body movements should indicate to the nurse the patient has full range of motion of the shoulder?
A. Adducting the arm so that it lies next to the patient’s side.
B. Flexing the should by raising the arm from a side position to a 180º angle.
C. Abducting the arm to a 90º angle from the side of the body.
D. Circumducting the shoulder in a 180º half circle.
B. Flexing the should by raising the arm from a side position to a 180º angle.
ATI - Ambulation Module
As a nurse ambulates an unsteady patient, the patient becomes light-headed and begins to fall. Which of the following interventions by the nurse is appropriate in this situation?
A. Wrap both arms around the patient’s arms and shoulders.
B. Move both feet together went he patient begins to fall.
C. Protect the patient’s extremities while lowering him to the floor.
D. Extend one leg and allow the patient to slide down it.
D. Extend one leg and allow the patient to slide down it.
ATI - Ambulation Module
A nurse is about to transfer to a chair a patient who has a weak left leg. Which of the following actions by the nurse demonstrates correct transfer technique?
A. Positioning the chair slightly behind the nurse so that the seat faces the patient’s bed.
B. Placing the patient’s left leg in front of her right leg just prior to the transfer.
C. Aligning the nurse’s knees with the patient’s knees just before the transfer.
D. Grasping the patient under the axilla to assist her to her feet.
C. Aligning the nurse’s knees with the patient’s knees just before the transfer.
ATI - Ambulation Module
A nurse is performing a physical assessment on a patient and instructs the patient to stand with his feet together and arms at his sides. The purpose of positioning the patient in this manner is to test which of the following?
A. Balance
B. Muscle strength
C. Reflexes
D. Coordination
A. Balance
ATI - Ambulation Module
A nurse in the emergency department is caring for a patient who has a knee injury. The patient will be discharged and will be using a pair of axillary crutches for the first time. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include when discharging this patient?
A. Lean on the crutches to support body weight when standing
B. Fully extend arms when holding onto the hand grips.
C. Hold the crutches on the unaffected side when preparing to sit in a chair.
D. Hold the crutches 9 to 12 inches in front of you and to the side of each foot.
C. Hold the crutches on the unaffected side when preparing to sit in a chair.
ATI - Ambulation Module
A nurse stands facing a patient to demonstrate active range-of-motion exercises. Which of the following shouyld the nurse do when demonstrating hyperextension of the hip?
A. Move the leg behind the body.
B. Move the leg forward and up.
C. Move the leg medially toward the other leg.
D. Turn the foot and leg away from the other leg.
A. Move the leg behind the body.
MyNursingLab - Submodule 2.10 Activity
The nurse encourages nursing staff to practice good body mechanics to:
A. Allow for greater weight lifting
B. Maximize muscle strength
C. Prevent injury
D. Increase endurance
C. Prevent injury
MyNursingLab - Submodule 2.10 Activity
Which of the following demonstrates poor body mechanics?
A. Keeping feet apart when moving a client up in bed
B. Holding a heavy object close to the center of the body
C. Keeping knees flexed when lifting an object
D. Bending at the waist when lifting a heavy object
D. Bending at the waist when lifting a heavy object
MyNursingLab - Submodule 2.10 Activity
The LPN understands that when caring for clients he or she should exercise good body mechanics. The nurse recognizes which as good body mechanics?
A. Relaxing abdominal muscle when lifting.
B. Moving an object close to one’s body before lifting.
C. Using a narrow base of support.
D. Using a high center of gravity.
B. Moving an object close to one’s body before lifting.
