Unit VI (33-37) - Blood Cells, Immunity and Coagulation

Question 1

What organ produces more of the red blood cells during the middle of gestation?

a. Bone marrow
b. Liver
c. Spleen
d. Lymph nodes

Answer 1

Answer: B (Guyton 33)

Question 2

What factors are required for appropriate red blood cell production?

a. Vitamin K and erythropoetin
b. Cyanocobalamin and erythropoetin
c. Iron and vitamin K
d. Cyanocobalamin and carotinids

Answer 2

Answer: B (Guyton 33)

Question 3

Hageman factor deficient cats may have a prolongation of their PTT with no clinical bleeding. What factor are they deficient in?

a. Fibrinogen
b. Factor V
c. Factor VII
d. Factor XII

Answer 3

Answer: D (Guyton 37)

Question 4

What does heparin combine with in order to act as an anticoagulant?

a. Antithrombin III
b. Fibrinogen
c. Prothrombin
d. Tissue factor

Answer 4

Answer: A (Guyton 37)

Question 5

Which of the following vitamins and minerals are required for appropriate red blood cell maturation?

a. Folate and Iron
b. B12 and Iron
c. B6, Cobalamin, and Iron
d. Folate, B12, and Iron

Answer 5

Answer d (Guyton 449)

Question 6

Which of the following is the initiating step in clot formation?

a. Cleavage of fibrinogen to form fibrin
b. Formation of prothrombin activator
c. Formation of fibrinogen activator
d. Conversion of prothrombin to thrombin

Answer 6

Answer b (Guyton 487)

Question 7

Which factor is primarily responsible for adherence of platelets to exposed subendothelium in areas of high shear stress?

a. von Willibrand
b. Hageman factor
c. Factor II (prothrombin)
d. Factor VII (proconvertin)

Answer 7

Answer: A

Question 8

Which factor is responsible for clot lysis by digesting fibrin fibers and other coagulation proteins?

a. Plasmin
b. Plasminogen
c. Fibrin
d. Fibrinogen

Answer 8

Answer: A

Question 9

Which part of the gastrointestinal system absorbs iron?

a. Stomach
b. Small intestine
c. Cecum
d. Large intestine

Answer 9

Answer: B; Guyton pg 450

Question 10

Which of the following initiates the extrinsic pathway for clotting?
A] Factor XII
B] Tissue factor 
C] Factor XI
D] Collagen

Answer 10

Answer: B Guyton and Hall Chapter 37

Question 11

The cause of pernicious anemia is deficiency of
A] Vitamin B12
B] Iron
C] Vitamin B6
D] Erythropoietin

Answer 11

Answer: A Guyton and Hall Chapter 33

Question 12

Lack of vitamin B12 and folic acid cause anemia by which mechanism?

a. Failure of division
b. Formational failure of hemoglobin
c. Maturation failure caused by diminished DNA synthesis
d. Production failure due to inhibition of CFU – S

Answer 12

Correct Answer: C; Ref: Guyton, pg. 449

Question 13

Heparin combines with which molecule to results in the removal of free thrombin from the bloodstream to act as an anticoagulant?

a. Antithrombin III
b. Factor V
c. Factor VII
d. Factor X

Answer 13

Correct Answer: A; Ref: Guyton, pg. 489

Question 14

In the first step of hemoglobin synthesis, which molecule combines with glycine to form a pyrrole?

a. citrate
b. oxaloacetate
c. succinyl-CoA
d. acetyl-CoA

Answer 14

Answer: C; Guyton 449

Question 15

Which of the following cytokines promotes growth and reproduction of virtually all the different types of committed stem cells in the bone marrow?

a. IL-3
b. IL-5
c. IL-8
d. IL-11

Answer 15

Answer: A. ; Reference: Guyton Ch. 33 Pg. 447

Question 16

Which of these ions is required for promotion or acceleration of the blood-clotting reactions in both the intrinsic and extrinsic pathways?

a. Potassium
b. Calcium
c. Sodium
d. Chloride

Answer 16

Answer: B; Reference: Guyton Ch. 37 Pg. 488

Question 17

Which mechanism is responsible for increased cardiac output in anemia patients? (Guyton Ch 33)

a. Decreased blood viscosity
b. Peripheral vasodilation
c. Tachycardia
d. All of the above

Answer 17

Answer: D Guyton 33

Question 18

What is the site of fibrinogen formation?

a. Vascular endothelium
b. Liver
c. Platelets
d. Skeletal muscle

Answer 18

Answer: B; (Guyton Ch 37)

Question 19

What is the effect of polycythemia on cardiac output?

a) Greatly decreased due to increased blood viscosity and decreased venous return
b) Greatly increased due to increased blood volume and increased venous return
c) Not far from normal because the changes in viscosity and volume neutralize each other
d) Venous return and cardiac output are not affected by polycythemia

Answer 19

Answer : c; Guyton (12th edition), p. 421

Question 20

Which of the following is the less likely cause of vitamin K deficiency?

a) Liver failure
b) Bile duct obstruction
c) Poor absorption of fats
d) Lack of vitamin K in the diet

Answer 20

Answer : d; Guyton (12th edition), p. 458

Question 21

The majority of the iron in the body is found in:

A. Myoglobin
B. Hemoglobin
C. Liver
D. Plasma

Answer 21

Answer: B

Question 22

Which of the following proteins is responsible for iron transport in plasma?

A. Ferritin
B. Hemosiderin
C. Transferrin
D. Apotransferrin

Answer 22

Answer: C

Question 23

Serum iron is increased with which condition?

a. Renal disease in cats
b. Hypothyroidism in dogs
c. Hyperadrenocorticism in dogs
d. Hypoalbuminemia in dogs

Answer 23

Answer: C (Latimer Chp 1)

Question 24

In a patient that is acutely anemic, when would you expect to see evidence of regeneration?

a. 24 hours
b. 5 days
c. 2 weeks
d. 1 month

Answer 24

Answer: B (Latimer Chp 1)

Question 25

Free hemoglobin in the plasma binds to which protein for transport to the liver?

a. albumin
b. hemopexin
c. haptoglobin
d. alpha-2 macroglobulin

Answer 25

Answer: C; Duncan and Prasse p. 12

Question 26

Which of the following conditions may be associated with decreased serum iron?
A. Hypothyroidism
B. Hemolytic anemia
C. Hyperadrenocorticism
D. Hemochromatosis

Answer 26

ANSWER: A (Latimer)

Question 27

Which of the following breeds has been described to have microcytic erythrocytes?
A. Silken windhound
B. Newfoundland
C. Shiba Inu
D. Kooiker

Answer 27

Answer: C; Latimer p 14