Unit Two Test Review

Question 1

Genetic Biodiversity

Answer 1

Total number of genetic characteristics of a specific species within a population

Question 2

Species Biodiversity

Answer 2

Number of species of organisms per unit

Question 3

Habitat Biodiversity

Answer 3

Range of different habitats per unit are in an ecosystem or biome

Question 4

Biodiversity Hotspots

Answer 4

Areas that need emergency conservation attention, rich in endemic plant and animal species

Question 5

Factors affecting Distribution

Answer 5

Climate, elevation, tropical vs changing temperatures

Question 6

Background Extinction

Answer 6

Not fit for the created environment, 1 species per million year

Question 7

Mass Extinction Events

Answer 7

the extinction of a large proportion of the world’s species in a very short time period due to some extreme and rapid change or catastrophic event.

Question 8

Evidence of 6th Mass Extinction

Answer 8

Scientists believe that humans are pushing more animals to extinction faster than happened in any of the previous mass extinctions
(one estimate is that 25% of all plant and animal species will have gone extinct between 1985 and 2015

Question 9

Traits Vulnerable to Extinction

Answer 9

Limited habitat, specialized niche, low reproductive potential, need a large territory, migratory, valuable economically, vulnerable to pollution, or incompatible with civilization

Question 10

Direct Benefits

Answer 10

Food sources, natural products, provisioning ecosystem services

Question 11

Indirect Benefits

Answer 11

Environmental services, scientific/educational, biological control agents, human health and rights, recreation, and ecotourism

Question 12

Natural Threats

Answer 12

Natural disasters (mass extinctions)
Replacement evolution (older ancestral species are replaced by newer versions)
Meteorite impact, volcanic eruptions, droughts, ice ages, climate change and sea level rise, genetic inferiority.

Question 13

Anthropogenic Threats

Answer 13

fragmentation of habitat, pollution, Modern agricultural practices

Question 14

Preservation Biology

Answer 14

Argues that whatever the cost, species should be saved regardless of its value to humans

Question 15

Conservation Biology

Answer 15

Argue for the sustainable approach to the utilization of nature’s resources, wants to maintain to benefit humans and long term stability

Question 16

Species Focused Conservation

Answer 16

Conserve the species, less interested in conserving the specie’s habitat

Question 17

CITES

Answer 17

Conservation on International Trade in Endangered Species of wild flora and fauna

Question 18

Flagship Species

Answer 18

The glamour species, used to create interest in saving it habitat or ecosystem

Question 19

Keystone Species

Answer 19

Species which play a critical role in maintenance of their ecosystem, their loss has a much greater impact

Question 20

Ex Situ Conservation

Answer 20

Removing a species from its native habitat in hopes to preserve it

Question 21

In Situ Conservation

Answer 21

Conserving the species where it is naturally located

Question 22

Habitat Focused Conservation

Answer 22

Focused on preserving the area where a species lives rather than focusing on a specific species

Question 23

Speciation

Answer 23

The formation of one or more species from pre-existing species

Question 24

Ecological Services

Answer 24

Food, fuel, ecosystems, species, fiber, lumber, paper, flow of energy and material in the biosphere

Question 25

Geographical Isolation

Answer 25

Separated by land or water that species are unable to cross

Question 26

Ecological Isolation

Answer 26

Live in different places within the same geographic area

Question 27

Temporal Isolation

Answer 27

Active in different seasons or time of day

Question 28

Behavioral Isolation

Answer 28

Capable of breeding, bud have differences in reproductive strategies