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Psychology Honors > Unit Three > Flashcards

Unit Three Flashcards

1
Q

What are Freud’s stages of development?

A

the oral stage, the anal stage, the phallic stage, the latent period, and the genital stage

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2
Q

What is the age range for the oral stage?

A

birth to one year

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3
Q

What is the erogenous zone during the oral stage?

A

the mouth

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4
Q

What is the primary conflict in the oral stage?

A

weaning, if a child is weaned off improperly they may have issues with eating, drinking, and nail biting due to the development of an oral fixation, and they may be aggressive and dependent

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5
Q

What is the age range for the anal stage?

A

one to three years

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6
Q

What is the erogenous zone for the anal stage?

A

bowel and bladder control

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7
Q

What is the primary conflict in the anal stage?

A

potting training, if a parent is too lenient the child may become anal expulsive and messy, if they are too strict the child may become obsessively neat and anal retentive

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8
Q

What is the age range for the phallic stage?

A

three to six years

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9
Q

What is the erogenous zone for the phallic stage?

A

genitals

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10
Q

What happens in the phallic stage?

A

the child starts to identify with the same sex parent (father and son, mother and daughter)

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11
Q

What is the age range for the latent period?

A

six years to puberty

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12
Q

What is the erogenous zone for the latent period?

A

sexual feelings are inactive

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13
Q

What happens in the latent stage?

A

children start to develop friendships on their own, superego and ego contribute to calm

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14
Q

What is the age range for the genital stage?

A

puberty to death

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15
Q

What is the erogenous zone for the genital stage?

A

maturing sexual interests

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16
Q

What happens in the genital stage?

A

if all other stages went well, the person should be caring and well-developed, they should be able to have adult relationships, they shouldn’t be overly sexual or under sexual and they should balance their urges with the need to conform

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17
Q

What are Piaget’s stages of development?

A

sensorimotor stage, preoperational stage, concrete operations, and formal operations

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18
Q

What is the age range for the sensorimotor stage?

A

birth to two years old

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19
Q

What happens in the sensorimotor stage?

A

kids develop an understanding of themselves, reality, and how things work by interacting with their environment

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20
Q

What is the age range of the preoperational stage?

A

two to four years

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21
Q

What happens in the preoperational stage?

A

the kid is not able to understand abstract concepts without concrete evidence

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22
Q

What is the age range for the concrete operations stage?

A

seven to eleven years

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23
Q

What happens in the concrete operations stage?

A

kids gain experience so they learn to accommodate more, think abstractly and conceptually

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24
Q

What is the age range of the formal operations stage?

A

it starts between ages eleven to fifteen

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25
Q

What happens in the formal operations stage?

A

the kid no longer needs concrete objects to rationalize things as their cognition has reached its final form

26
Q

When do you learn object permanence?

A

as a toddler after the sensorimotor stage, newborns don’t know it so that’s why they love peek a boo

27
Q

When do you learn conservation?

A

as a kid after the preoperational stage, toddlers don’t understand that shape changes =/= amount changes

28
Q

When do you understand hypotheticals?

A

as a teenager after the concrete operations stage, kids don’t understand hypotheticals

29
Q

What are the types of needs in Maslow’s hierarchy of needs?

A

self fulfillment needs, psychological needs, and basic needs

30
Q

What falls under self fulfillment needs?

A

self actualization

31
Q

What falls under psychological needs?

A

esteem needs and belongingness & loving needs

32
Q

What falls under basic needs?

A

safety needs, physiological needs

33
Q

What is self actualization?

A

achieving one’s full potential, including creative activities

34
Q

What are esteem needs?

A

prestige and feeling of accomplishment

35
Q

What are belongingness & loving needs?

A

intimate relationships, friends

36
Q

What are safety needs?

A

security, safety

37
Q

What are physiological needs?

A

food, water, warmth, rest

38
Q

What are Kohlberg’s levels of moral development?

A

preconventional morality, conventional morality, and postconventional morality

39
Q

What are Kohlberg’s stages of moral development?

A

obedience and punishment orientation, individualism and exchange, good interpersonal relationships, maintaining the social order, social contract and individual rights, universal principles

40
Q

What happens in stage one: obedience and punishment orientation?

A

you are good to avoid being punished

41
Q

What happens in stage two: individualism and exchange?

A

you recognize there are multiple different viewpoints, meaning different places/people have different standards

42
Q

What happens in stage three: good interpersonal relationships?

A

you want to be seen as a good person, don’t want to be judged or rock the boat

43
Q

What happens in stage four: maintaining the social order?

A

you become aware of society’s expectations, abide by laws, avoid guilt

44
Q

What happens in stage five: social contract and individual rights?

A

you become aware of rules and how sometimes they go against the interest of some individuals

45
Q

What happens in stage six: universal principles?

A

people develop their own set of moral guidelines that may not fit the law, few people reach this stage

46
Q

What are archetypes?

A

widely understood symbols, patterns, or concepts

47
Q

What is schema?

A

the way your brain organizes information

48
Q

What is collective unconscious?

A

the part of the mind containing memories and impulses of which the individual is not aware

49
Q

What is gender identity?

A

sex = biological, gender = behaviors associated with sex

50
Q

What are gender roles?

A

men have the job of working to provide for the family and women have the job of caring for the children

51
Q

What are gender stereotypes?

A

men are big, strong, and powerful while women are dainty, nurturing, and weak

52
Q

What are the gender theories?

A

psychoanalytic theory, social learning theory, and cognitive development theory

53
Q

What does the psychoanalytic theory say?

A

children look to their mom or dad to see how their gender should act

54
Q

What does the social learning theory say?

A

children copy behaviors of others of their same gender

55
Q

What does the cognitive development theory say?

A

children try to make sense of their environment

56
Q

What comes along with old age?

A

declining health, declining sexual activity, and increasing isolation

57
Q

What are the stages of dying?

A

denial, anger, bargaining, depression, and acceptance

58
Q

What is the denial stage?

A

when one refuses to accept their diagnosis

59
Q

What is the anger stage?

A

when one starts feeling cheated or robbed

60
Q

What is the bargaining stage?

A

when one attempts to strike a deal with god

61
Q

What is the depression stage?

A

when one feels a sense of loss because their death is inevitable

62
Q

What is the acceptance stage?

A

when one accepts their imminent death

Psychology Honors (2 decks)

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