Unit One

Question 1

Structuralism

Answer 1

using introspection to analyze how simple components come together to form complex experiences

Question 2

Functionalism

Answer 2

mental life and behavior are adaptations to environmental challenges and opportunities

Question 3

Gestalt

Answer 3

you are more than your life experiences and the inheritable traits you are given from your parents

Question 4

Inheritable Traits

Answer 4

traits from parents that come naturally

Question 5

Psychoanalytical

Answer 5

looks at the subconscious mind by pulling repressed memories to the conscious mind

Question 6

Behavioral

Answer 6

having to do with learning and conditioning

Question 7

Humanistic

Answer 7

focuses on the person as a whole

Question 8

Cognitive

Answer 8

having to do with the thought process or thinking

Question 9

Biological

Answer 9

having to do with the biological process of psychology like chemicals of your brain, diet, and inherited factors

Question 10

Sociocultural

Answer 10

focuses on the role of environment and culture on a person’s psyche

Question 11

Placebo

Answer 11

an inert treatment like sugar pills

Question 12

Ethical issues in research

Answer 12

dignity and welfare, observing laws, deception, minimizing misleading results, obtaining consent

Question 13

Single blind (definition)

Answer 13

when the person conducting the experiment knows which test subjects get the treatment and which do not, while the test subjects do not

Question 14

Single blind (example)

Answer 14

this could be used when testing to see which brand of food a subject prefers without them knowing which brand they are trying, preventing bias amongst testers

Question 15

Double blind (definition)

Answer 15

both researchers and test subjects don’t know who got the treatment and who got the placebo

Question 16

Double blind (example)

Answer 16

this could be used when testing a new medication to prevent bias from researchers evaluating subjects’ outcomes

Question 17

Placebo effect

Answer 17

the tendency of people getting treatment to believe the treatment is working so they feel better

Question 18

Clinical psychologist

Answer 18

a psychologist who diagnoses and treats people with emotional disturbances

Question 19

Counseling psychologist

Answer 19

a psychologist who usually helps people deal with problems of everyday life

Question 20

Developmental psychologist

Answer 20

a psychologist who studies the emotional, cognitive, biological, personal, and social changes that occur as an individual matures

Question 21

Educational psychologist

Answer 21

a psychologist who is concerned with helping students learn

Question 22

Community psychologist

Answer 22

a psychologist who may work in a mental health or social welfare agency

Question 23

Industrial/organizational psychologist

Answer 23

a psychologist who uses psychological concepts to make the workplace a more satisfying environment for employees and managers

Question 24

Environmental psychologist

Answer 24

a psychologist who explores the relationship between humans and the external world

Question 25

Experimental psychologist

Answer 25

a psychologist who studies sensation, perception, learning, motivation, and/or emotion in carefully controlled laboratory conditions

Question 26

Naturalistic observation (definition)

Answer 26

qualitative research method where you record the behaviors of your research subjects in real world settings

Question 27

Naturalistic observation (example)

Answer 27

a researcher would use this method when studying something they couldn’t replicate in a lab

Question 28

Surveys (definition)

Answer 28

the collection of information from a sample of individuals through their responses to questions

Question 29

Surveys (example)

Answer 29

when trying to collect data on how students in your grade perform academically and how well they sleep, one could send out a survey for them to fill out and write about their grades and sleep schedule

Question 30

Longitudinal studies (definition)

Answer 30

researchers repeatedly examine the same individual or phenomenon to detect any changes that might occur over a period of time

Question 31

Longitudinal studies (example)

Answer 31

a researcher would use this type of research to study how a change in a daily activities has affected a subject’s life

Question 32

Cross-sectional studies (definition)

Answer 32

research design in which you collect data from many different individuals at a single point in time

Question 33

Cross-sectional studies (example)

Answer 33

a researcher would use this type of study when analyzing the prevalence of a disease among a certain age group

Question 34

Correlation and explanation (definition)

Answer 34

the measure of the extent to which two variables are related

Question 35

Correlation and explanation (example)

Answer 35

when trying to understand if there is a correlation between sports and academic performance, one could perform a correlational study

Question 36

Experiments (definition)

Answer 36

a procedure carried out to support or refute a likely previously untried hypothesis

Question 37

Experiments (example)

Answer 37

experiments may be conducted when a researcher is trying to further analyze the behaviors of specific individuals in certain situations

Question 38

Case studies (definition)

Answer 38

an in-depth, detailed examination of a particular case within a real world context

Question 39

Case studies (example)

Answer 39

special education case managers observe their special education students to determine if their educational plan is working for them

Question 40

How will future tech change psychology?

Answer 40

more devices = more access to counseling psychology more research tech = more treatments discovered