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Biology > Unit Test Review > Flashcards

Unit Test Review Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the 4 trophic levels

A

Producer
Primary consumer
Secondary consumer
Tertiary

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2
Q

Trophic level

A

Feeding level of one or more organisms in a food web

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3
Q

Scavengers

A

An animal that feeds on dead plant or animal material

Ex vulture

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4
Q

Detritivores

A

Organisms that consume dead plant material and animal waste.

Feed at all trophic levels
Ex earthworm

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5
Q

Decomposers

A

Varios bacteria and fungi that break down dead material and waste and extract the remaining nutrients

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6
Q

When an animal takes in food what percentage goes where

A

Cellular respiration -30%
Growth-10%
Waste-60%

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7
Q

3 elements that make a carb

A

Hydrogen
Oxygen
Carbon

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8
Q

Photosynthesis equation

A

Carbon dioxide+ water+ light energy —>carb+oxygen

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9
Q

Cellular respiration equation

A

Oxygen+carb—->carbon dioxide+water+ thermal energy

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10
Q

4 most elements

A

Hydrogen
Oxygen
Nitrogen
Carbon

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11
Q

What type of plants bring lots of carbon

A

Legumes like alfalfa,clover and beans because the rhizobia on their roots attracts nitrogen and fixes it.

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12
Q

What 2 ions does nitrogen make

A

NH4

NO3

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13
Q

Nitrogen overload

A

When more nitrogen is added to the environment then can be absorbed.

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14
Q

Nitrogen saturation

A

When excess nitrogen washes from the soil into streams and ground water because it wasn’t absorbed. I

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15
Q

Effects of nitrogen saturation

A

Stunted plant growth
Yellow needles
Damaged roots

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16
Q

How is nitric acid formed

A

When nitrogen containing gases from industrial smokestacks dissolve in the moisture in the air.

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17
Q

Eutrophication

A

The buildup of nutrients in an aquatic ecosystem.

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18
Q

Algae bloom

A

The added nitrates initially create a population explosion of algae in warm surface waters.

19
Q

Biodiversity

A

The variety of living creatures in an ecosystem.

20
Q

Monoculture

A

Only 1 type of organism in an area

21
Q

Biological magnification

A

When certain harmful substances like pesticides move up through a food chain

22
Q

Density dependent

A

Occur due to the degree of overcrowding

23
Q

Density independent

A

Occur regardless of population

24
Q

Poaching

A

Illegal hunting or fishing

25
Q

Nitrifying bacteria

A

Bacteria that can convert ammonia to nitrates

26
Q

Nitrification

A

The conversion of ammonia to form nitrates

27
Q

Denitrification

A

The process of converting nitrates to nitrogen gas

28
Q

Denitrifying bacteria

A

Bacteria that can convert nitrates to form nitrogen gas

29
Q

MESEA

A

Manitoba endangered species and ecosystems act

30
Q

MESEA LAWS

A

It is unlawful to kill,injure or process Any of these species
To destroy.or interfere with their habitat
Damage natural resources

31
Q

Extirpitated

A

Species that were once native to Manitoba but have disappeared

May be found in captivity

32
Q

Endangered

A

Species that are at risk of disappearing

33
Q

Threatened

A

Species likely to become endangered

34
Q

Special concern

A

Species that are at risk of being threatened or endangered.

35
Q

Reasons for ecosystem loss

A 
Habitat loss
Alien invasion (new species out competing native species)
Earths change in climate
36
Q

Ways to help reduce threatened species and ecosystems.

A

Reduce waste
Drive less
Protect m.e.s.e.a species and ecosystems

37
Q

Ways humans impact the environment

A
  • deforestation
  • over harvesting
  • excess carbon use
  • putting non native species into a new ecosystem.
  • desertification
38
Q

Carrying capacity

A

When a population has reached an amount where growth can no longer occur.

39
Q

Describe the growth curve at region one

A
  • organisms may be adjusting to the environment.

- only a small number are sexually mature

40
Q

Describe the growth curve from the second region two

A
  • many organisms have reached sexual maturity

- organisms have adjusted to environment

41
Q

Describe the growth curve from the 3rd region (top)

A
  • carrying capacity has been reached

- number of deaths equals the number of births.

42
Q

How can DDT from the south cause harm to a creature in Canada?

A

From organisms that migrate consuming DDT and bringing it back with them.

Due to importing food from a place that uses DDT.

43
Q

Why can’t some organisms use nitrogen without it being fixed?

A

Because nitrogen molecules have a triple bond which make it very difficult for plants and animals to break down.

44
Q

What are 2 things that can break down nitrogens triple bond

A

Lightning

Nitrogen fixing bacteria

Biology (3 decks)

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