unit test 5/13

Question 1

macroevolution

Answer 1

a group of animals evolves into another due to large scale changes that take place over a long period of time

Question 2

species

Answer 2

group of organisms that can reproduce with each other in nature and produce fertile off spring

Question 3

fitness

Answer 3

ability to survive long enough to reproduce

Question 4

vestigial structure

Answer 4

body parts with no known function thought to be inherited from ancient ancestors

Question 5

transitional fossil

Answer 5

a fossil that exhibits characteristic of both ancestral and derived forms

Question 6

adaptation

Answer 6

an inherited trait that increases an organisms chance of survival in its unique environment

Question 7

artificial selection

Answer 7

identification by humans of desirable traits in plants and animals and the steps taken to enhance those traits in future generations

Question 8

3 pieces of evidence of evolution

Question 9

natural selection

Answer 9

organsisns that are best adapted to an environment survive and reproduce more than others

Question 10

fossil

Answer 10

remains of prehistoric organism preserved in petrified form or as a mold or cast in rock

Question 11

steps of natural selection

Answer 11

1 overproduction
2 variation
3 competition
4 selection

Question 12

microevolution

Answer 12

small scale changes within a species to produce new varieties of species in a relatively short amount of time

Question 13

mutation

Answer 13

Any change in the DNA sequence of a cell

Question 14

coevolution

Answer 14

When two species evolve in response to changes in each other

Question 15

common ancestor

Answer 15

an ancestor that many other species have in common

Question 16

comparative anatomy

Answer 16

comparative study of the body structures of different species of animals

Question 17

3 evidence of evolution

Answer 17

fossil
vestigial organs
biogeography

Question 18

biogeography

Answer 18

Some species are missing from environments that would suit them. This suggests that they evolved only in certain locations and were not placed wherever they could survive

Question 19

vestigial organs

Answer 19

the organs that have no apparent function and are considered to be the residual parts from the past ancestors

Question 20

fossil

Answer 20

the preserved remains or traces of organisms that once lived on Earth

Question 21

different types of evolution

Answer 21

micro
macro
co
adaptive radiation (divergent)
convergent

Question 22

convergent evolution

Answer 22

Unrelated organisms independently evolve similarities when adapting to similar environments, or ecological niches

Question 23

divergent evolution or adaptive radiation