unit something Flashcards
DNA
deoxyribonucleic acid a molecule that is present in all living cells and contains the information that determines that traits that a living thing inherits and needs to live
Nucleotide
in a nucleic- acid chain, a subunit that consits of a sugar, a phosphate, and nitrogenous base
Chargaff’s Rules
state that DNA from any cell of any organisms should have a 1:1 ratio of pyrimidine and purine bases and, more specifically, that the amount of guanine should be equal to cytosine and the amount of adenine should be equal to thymine
Watson and Crick
was a British molecular biologist, biophysicist, and neuroscientist, most noted for being a co-discoverer of the structure of the DNA molecule in 1953
Rosalind Franklin
was an English chemist and X-ray crystallographer who made contributions to the understanding of the molecular structures of DNA, RNA, viruses, coal, and graphite.
Mutations
a change in the nucleotide-base sequence of a gene or DNA molecule
Adaptation
a characteristic that improves an individual ability to survive and reproduce in a particular environment
Species
a group of organisms that are closely related and can mate to produce fertile offsprings
Evolution
the process in which inherited characteristics within a population change over generations such that a new species sometimes arise
Fossils
the remains or physical evidence of an organism preserved by geological processes
fossil record
a historical sequence of life indicated by fossils found in layers of the earths crust
Charles Darwin
was an English naturalist, geologist and biologist, best known for his contributions to the science of evolution.
Trait
a distinguishing quality or characteristic, typically one belonging to a person.
selective breeding
the human practice of breeding animals or plants that have certain desired characteristics
Natural Selection
the process whereby organisms better adapted to their environment tend to survive and produce more offspring. The theory of its action was first fully expounded by Charles Darwin and is now believed to be the main process that brings about evolution.
