unit something Flashcards

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1
Q

DNA

A

deoxyribonucleic acid a molecule that is present in all living cells and contains the information that determines that traits that a living thing inherits and needs to live

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2
Q

Nucleotide

A

in a nucleic- acid chain, a subunit that consits of a sugar, a phosphate, and nitrogenous base

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3
Q

Chargaff’s Rules

A

state that DNA from any cell of any organisms should have a 1:1 ratio of pyrimidine and purine bases and, more specifically, that the amount of guanine should be equal to cytosine and the amount of adenine should be equal to thymine

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4
Q

Watson and Crick

A

was a British molecular biologist, biophysicist, and neuroscientist, most noted for being a co-discoverer of the structure of the DNA molecule in 1953

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5
Q

Rosalind Franklin

A

was an English chemist and X-ray crystallographer who made contributions to the understanding of the molecular structures of DNA, RNA, viruses, coal, and graphite.

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6
Q

Mutations

A

a change in the nucleotide-base sequence of a gene or DNA molecule

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7
Q

Adaptation

A

a characteristic that improves an individual ability to survive and reproduce in a particular environment

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8
Q

Species

A

a group of organisms that are closely related and can mate to produce fertile offsprings

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9
Q

Evolution

A

the process in which inherited characteristics within a population change over generations such that a new species sometimes arise

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10
Q

Fossils

A

the remains or physical evidence of an organism preserved by geological processes

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11
Q

fossil record

A

a historical sequence of life indicated by fossils found in layers of the earths crust

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12
Q

Charles Darwin

A

was an English naturalist, geologist and biologist, best known for his contributions to the science of evolution.

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13
Q

Trait

A

a distinguishing quality or characteristic, typically one belonging to a person.

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14
Q

selective breeding

A

the human practice of breeding animals or plants that have certain desired characteristics

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15
Q

Natural Selection

A

the process whereby organisms better adapted to their environment tend to survive and produce more offspring. The theory of its action was first fully expounded by Charles Darwin and is now believed to be the main process that brings about evolution.

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16
Q

Generation Time

A

the period between the birth of one generation and the birth of the next generation

17
Q

Speciation

A

the formation of new species as a result of evolution

18
Q

Primates

A

the chief bishop or archbishop of a province.

19
Q

Hominid

A

a primate of a family that includes humans and their fossil ancestors and also at least some of the great apes.

20
Q

Homo sapiens

A

Humans are the only extant members of the subtribe Hominina. They are characterized by erect posture and bipedal locomotion; high manual dexterity and heavy tool use compared to other animals