Unit One Test

Question 1

The author, Ray Bradbury is one who contemplates the state of humanity and our role in the cosmos, he once said “We are an impossibility in an impossible universe”, which of the following statements best supports the quote?
A. The ear is one of many planets which life is possible.
B. The evolution of complex life was a forgone conclusion.
C. Earth’s place in the cosmos is believed to be one of deliberate design.
D. Life on earth has survived nearly a half dozen mass extinction events.

Answer 1

D. Life on earth has survived nearly a half dozen mass extinction events.

Question 2

Which of the following attributes is most linked to the rapid evolution of the human species?
A. Cognitive ability for skill building and communication.
B. Human metabolic processing efficiency. C. Human endurance and long-distance travel.
D. Climate adaptation in our phsiology

Answer 2

A. Cognitive ability for skill building and communication.

Question 3

“The adoption of agriculture, supposedly the decisive step to a better life, was in fact catastrophic. With agriculure came the curses of social and sexual inequality, disease, and despotism” - Jared Diamond claims the worst mistake made by humans is the large-scale adaptation of agriculure. This argument is most salient becasue almost immediately after its adoption we see across the globe the adoption of what instituions?
A. reglious hierarchy
B. political city-states
C. military chains of command
D. currency exchange markets

Answer 3

B. political city-states

Question 4

World history as a course was recently created, its predecessor taught in education institutions was called “Wester Civilizations”, which of hte following geographic regions has seen the biggest rise of their inclusion in world history curriculum?
A. Russia/Eastern Europe
B.Pre-Columbian America
C. The Levant/Middle East
D. North Africa

Answer 4

B.Pre-Columbian America

Question 5

The World History discipline is guided by all of the following principles EXCEPT
A. change
B. comparison
C. connections
D. collaboration

Answer 5

D. collaboration

Question 6

The French Philosopher Voltaire once wrote “This little globe, nothing more than a point, rolls in space like so many other globes, we are lost in this immensity”. This quote is best a counter to what belief about earth in the cosmos?
a. Life on planets outside of earth is unlikely.
b. Earth and humanity are the center of the cosmic plane.
c. Life on planets outside of earth is unlikely.
d. Knowledge about the cosmos comes from religious teaching.

Answer 6

b. Earth and humanity are the center of the cosmic plane.

Question 7

1492 is an important date in world history because of what occurrence?
a. The expungement of large-scale epidemics due to the black plague being eradicated.
b. The invention of the compass allowing for trans-oceanic voyages.
c. The standardization of time scales allowing for humanity to collect data efficiently.
d. The first connection between Afro-Eurasia and America in millennia.

Answer 7

d. The first connection between Afro-Eurasia and America in millennia.

Question 8

“The commercial area of the capital extends from the old Oing River market to the Southern Commons and to the city border on the north. … Some famous fabric stores sell exquisite brocade fabric and fine silk, which are unsurpassed elsewhere in the country…. Most other cities can only boast of one special product; what makes the capital unique is that it gathers goods from all places. Furthermore, because of the large population and the busy commercial traffic, there is a demand for everything.”
This is a description of Hangzhou, capital of the southern Song dynasty, circa 1235 C.E.
Which of the following assertions in the description of Hangzhou above would be difficult to verify?
a. Hangzhou had a large population.
b. the merchandise sold in Hangzhou is of higher quality than other Chinese cities.
c. the merchants of Hangzhou imported assorted products from a variety of regions.
d. Hangzhou had a large market district.

Answer 8

b. the merchandise sold in Hangzhou is of higher quality than other Chinese cities.

Question 9

Which of the following best explains the change in China’s population shown in the table above?
a. Immigration to China increased due to religious persecution of Buddhists in Southeast Asia and South Asia
b. Agricultural output increased due to the use of new crops, iron plows, and expanded irrigation.
c. Less warfare with neighboring states and nomadic tribes lead to less death in the region
d. Confucian emphasis on family growth cause a spike in births

Answer 9

b. Agricultural output increased due to the use of new crops, iron plows, and expanded irrigation.

Question 10

“Scholars have been mesmerized by the huge extent of the present distribution of Bantu languages and could think of only a single process, an equally huge human migration, the Bantu expansion, to explain it… (This] scenario is fatally flawed, however, for two reasons. First it fell prey to the illusion that only a migration could fit the evidence… (But) a language can spread without involving the migration of any communities. The second fatal error was to collapse a history which encompassed the developments of one to several millennia into a single migration event. The evidence shows that many different dispersals of single languages succeeded each other at different times, not continuously.” - Jan Vansina, historian, “New Linguistic Evidence and ‘the Bantu Expansion,” scholarly article, 1995
All the following statements are factually accurate.

Which best supports the author’s argument in the above passage?
a. archaeological evidence suggests that iron metallurgy spread across sub-Saharan Africa in several distinct waves over the course of several centuries.
b. DNA evidence suggests that human populations in western, central, and southern Africa share many similar genes.
c. Linguistic evidence shows that several small groups in central and southern Africa continue to speak non-Bantu languages.
d. Ethnographic evidence shows that many West African societies share common themes in their cultural and religious traditions.

Answer 10

d. Ethnographic evidence shows that many West African societies share common themes in their cultural and religious traditions.

Question 11

Period 1 in AP World history organizes into all the following sections EXCEPT,
a. Religions and Cultures 1200-1450
b. Patterns in World History 1200-1450
c. States and Civilizations 1200-1450
d. Connections and Interactions 1200-1450

Answer 11

a. Religions and Cultures 1200-1450

Question 12

Which of the following is an acceptable nickname for Mr. Crawford?
a. Crawdawg
b. Crawdeezy
c. Crawdizzle
d. Yo Teach

Answer 12

a. Crawdawg

Question 13

Use the map above. After the expansion of Islam into Africa we see the strongholds of organized Christianity remaining where on the continent?
a. Egypt and Ethiopia
b. Areas of silk road trade
c. Mali and Ghana
d. Zanzibar and Madagascar

Answer 13

a. Egypt and Ethiopia

Question 14

Using the map above, answer the following question. All the following statements are factually accurate; what is the most likely reason for the world’s first major oceanic trading system taking place in the Indian Ocean?
a. The Indian Ocean lacks major weather events to the same degree as other oceans
b. The population along the Indian ocean has more interaction with oceanic systems than other human populations at the time.
c. The markets of the Indian Ocean are more voluminous in products than their contemporaries
d. The geography of the Indian ocean facilitates ocean trade better than other oceans

Answer 14

d. The geography of the Indian ocean facilitates ocean trade better than other oceans

Question 15

“The East African coast was certainly known to the people of Arabia by the eighth century .C.E. In fact, the ancient Southern Arabian state of Ausan traded extensively there and may have actually held a portion of the coast. Traders who reached the coast discovered a number of potentially valuable raw materials there. Among these were spices, tortoise shell, coconut oil, ivory, and later, gold and slaves. It was not until almost 1000 c.., however, that the first important commercial city-states emerged along the coast. These city-states fluctuated in wealth and prestige as they competed for coastal hegemony. Because of their way of life, they tended to have a broad regional perspective. Their destinies and fortunes were at least partly determined in distant lands by foreign merchants and rulers. Information on early political aspects of East African states remains very limited. We know that they had kings or sultans, who wielded a good deal of power. Sultans were advised by councils of princes, elders, and members of the ruling household. It seems probable that the sultan and his close relatives controlled the religious and military offices of the state.” - Terry H. Elkiss, historian, “Kilwa Kisiwani: The Rise of an East African City-State,” article published in African Studies Review, a scholarly journal, 1973.
The example of an ancient Arabian state that traded exclusively and controlled territories on the East African coast can best be used as evidence of
a. the contributions of East Africa to the development of Eurasian religions
b. the long-term continuities in state building in coastal East Africa
c. the importance of the East African coast in the development of African national identities
d. the technological and logistical challenges faced by Eurasian merchants attempting to reach the east coast of Africa

Answer 15

b. the long-term continuities in state building in coastal East Africa

Question 16

The interregional connections of states such as those on the east African coast can best be an illustration of the continued importance of which of the following?
a. international diplomacy
b. polytheistic religions
c. long-distance trade
d. patriarchal gender norms

Answer 16

c. long-distance trade

Question 17

The co-existence of rulers and councils of elders in African stales in the period circa 1200-1450 best demonstrates
a. an attempt to imitate the feudal government of European states and East Asian empires
b. the influences of indigenous African political practices
c. an adaptation to the climatic conditions of the East African coast
d. a reflection of the hardship and uncertainties faced by Muslim seaborne traders

Answer 17

b. the influences of indigenous African political practices

Question 18

Siddhartha Gautama, the founder of Buddhism, centered the belief system on what principal?
a. belief in an eternal afterlife
b. strict rules about social interaction
c. adherence to a fixed caste system
d. elimination of desire and suffering

Answer 18

d. elimination of desire and suffering

Question 19

Which of the following was a common feature of most Eurasian philosophies during the period of 1000 to 1450 CE?
a. a close association with religion
b. emphasis on experimental science
c. reliance of ideas of individual freedom
d. substantive scholarly exchange of ideas amongst the world’s belief systems

Answer 19

a. a close association with religion

Question 20

All the following were part of the Confucian social order EXCEPT
a. loyalty to the ruler
b. filial obedience to one’s father
c. chastity by husbands
d. chastity by wives

Answer 20

c. chastity by husbands

Question 21

Which of the following is a key philosophical and religious element in Daoism?
a. respect for one’s ancestors as critical to proper behavior
b. unquestioned obedience to one’s ruler
c. belief in the Mandate of Heaven
d. emphasis on harmony between nature and humanity

Answer 21

d. emphasis on harmony between nature and humanity

Question 22

In the period of 1000 to 1450 CE. Which of the following developments partially resulted from knowledge of Greek science and technology?
a. Japanese temple design in Kyoto
b. Christian Theology in the Roman Empire
c. Islamic Medical Books in Baghdad
d. Mongol military tactics in Central Asia

Answer 22

c. Islamic Medical Books in Baghdad

Question 23

“My father moved to Bukhara lin Central Asia) and was entrusted with governing one of the estates of a Persian ruler. My father provided me with a teacher to study the Quran and a teacher for literature. My father was infuenced by Shia propaganda, and he would appeal to me to accept it, but my soul would not. In my household, there was also talk of philosophy, geometry, and Indian calculation, “ and my father sent me to a vegetable seller who used indian calculation and so I studied with him. Around that time my father hired an Arab scholar to teach me philosophy. I learned about Aristotle. I read the Greek geometrician Euclid and read the Greek astronomical and mathematical treatise called the Almagest / devoted myself to studying the texts-the Greek original and the Muslim commentaries- in the natural sciences and metaphysics. Next / sought to know medicine and so I read books on it. I excelled in a very short period of time so that distinguished physicians began to study the science of medicine under me.” - Abu Ali in Sina, Sunni intellectual and physician, autobiography, early eleventh century
As described in the passage, the cultural influences in Bukhara are most directly a legacy of which of the following?
a. interactions between Muslims and Hindus following the spread of Islam into northern India
b. the influence of Chinese culture in early statecraft of the caliphates
c. cross-cultural interactions following the spread of the Safavid empire
d. the role of Western European merchants in bringing classical Greco-Roman knowledge to the Muslim world

Answer 23

a. interactions between Muslims and Hindus following the spread of Islam into northern India

Question 24

“My father moved to Bukhara lin Central Asia) and was entrusted with governing one of the estates of a Persian ruler. My father provided me with a teacher to study the Quran and a teacher for literature. My father was infuenced by Shia propaganda, and he would appeal to me to accept it, but my soul would not. In my household, there was also talk of philosophy, geometry, and Indian calculation, “ and my father sent me to a vegetable seller who used indian calculation and so I studied with him. Around that time my father hired an Arab scholar to teach me philosophy. I learned about Aristotle. I read the Greek geometrician Euclid and read the Greek astronomical and mathematical treatise called the Almagest / devoted myself to studying the texts-the Greek original and the Muslim commentaries- in the natural sciences and metaphysics. Next / sought to know medicine and so I read books on it. I excelled in a very short period of time so that distinguished physicians began to study the science of medicine under me.” - Abu Ali in Sina, Sunni intellectual and physician, autobiography, early eleventh century
The religious difference between Ibn Sina and his father, as described in the first paragraph, most directly reflected a legacy of which of the following
a. a dispute over the legal status of non-Muslims
b. a dispute over who was the rightful caliph
c. a dispute over whether the Quran was literally the word of God
d. a dispute over whether Mecca or Jerusalem was the holiest city in the Islamic world

Answer 24

b. a dispute over who was the rightful caliph

Question 25

“My father moved to Bukhara lin Central Asia) and was entrusted with governing one of the estates of a Persian ruler. My father provided me with a teacher to study the Quran and a teacher for literature. My father was infuenced by Shia propaganda, and he would appeal to me to accept it, but my soul would not. In my household, there was also talk of philosophy, geometry, and Indian calculation, “ and my father sent me to a vegetable seller who used indian calculation and so I studied with him.
Around that time my father hired an Arab scholar to teach me philosophy. I learned about Aristotle. I read the Greek geometrician Euclid and read the Greek astronomical and mathematical treatise called the Almagest. I devoted myself to studying the texts-the Greek original and the Muslim commentaries- in the natural sciences and metaphysics. Next / sought to know medicine and so I read books on it. I excelled in a very short period of time so that distinguished physicians began to study the science of medicine under me.” - Abu Ali in Sina, Sunni intellectual and physician, autobiography, early eleventh century
Which of the following most likely explains why Muslims such as Ibn Sina would have been interested in studying the philosophical ideas discussed in the second paragraph.
a. the adoption of Greek ideas of republican and democratic governance shaped the early development of Islamic Caliphates
b. the use of observation and logic in studying the natural world was part of the Muslim intellectual tradition
c. Musim intellectuals were heavily influenced by polytheistic mystery religions
d. Greco-Roman concepts of rigid social and ethnic hierarchies heavily influenced the early Muslim community

Answer 25

b. the use of observation and logic in studying the natural world was part of the Muslim intellectual tradition

Question 26

“My father moved to Bukhara lin Central Asia) and was entrusted with governing one of the estates of a Persian ruler. My father provided me with a teacher to study the Quran and a teacher for literature. My father was infuenced by Shia propaganda, and he would appeal to me to accept it, but my soul would not. In my household, there was also talk of philosophy, geometry, and Indian calculation, “ and my father sent me to a vegetable seller who used indian calculation and so I studied with him.
Around that time my father hired an Arab scholar to teach me philosophy. I learned about Aristotle. I read the Greek geometrician Euclid and read the Greek astronomical and mathematical treatise called the Almagest / devoted myself to studying the texts-the Greek original and the Muslim commentaries- in the natural sciences and metaphysics. Next / sought to know medicine and so I read books on it. I excelled in a very short period of time so that distinguished physicians began to study the science of medicine under me.” - Abu Ali in Sina, Sunni intellectual and physician, autobiography, early eleventh century
The translations and works of Muslim scholars like Ibn Sina became influential in Europe in the period before 1450 most directly as a result of
a. the flourishing of trade cities along the Silk Road
b. political fragmentation and decentralization in medieval Europe
c. cultural exchange between Muslims and Christians in the Mediterranean region
d. the fall of Constantinople due to the expanse of the Ottoman Empire

Answer 26

c. cultural exchange between Muslims and Christians in the Mediterranean region

Question 27

Which of the following best supports the conclusion that Japan borrowed extensively from Tang and Song China?
a. Japan had established a decentralized power structure under a shogun by the eleventh century СЕ
b. Warriors or samurai gained substantial power and social status in Japan
c. Societal relations in Japan were based on Confucian principles of hierarchy
d. Shinto religion continued to exert a strong influence on Japanese society

Answer 27

c. Societal relations in Japan were based on Confucian principles of hierarchy

Question 28

the image can best be used as a source of information about the
a. social prestige of established educated elites in Chinese society
b. the influence of Christian missionaries in Yuan China
c. the high status of wealthy merchants in Chinese society
d. the increasing importance of Buddhism in Yuan China

Answer 28

a. social prestige of established educated elites in Chinese society

Question 29

Angkor Wat in Southeast Asia built circa 1100 CE, shown above, reflects which of the following historical processes?
a. Increased domination of east and south Asia by Arab powers.
b. The increase numbers of Chinese merchants in the Indian Ocean.
c. The introduction of Islam across most of Asia
d. Increased cross-cultural interaction in the Indian Ocean region.

Answer 29

d. Increased cross-cultural interaction in the Indian Ocean region.

Question 30

Which of the following most encouraged the development/of new cities such as Cahokia along the Mississippi River, Swahili city-states on the East African coast, Venice on the Mediterranean coast, and Hangzhou on China’s coast during the period of 600 CE to 1450 CE?
a. decreased regional warfare
b. intensification of regional trade
c. migration patterns of pastoral societies
d. development of mass production techniques

Answer 30

b. intensification of regional trade

Question 31

the lines on the map above indicate which of the following
a. the spread of Islam
b. the spread of Christianity
c. the extent of trade routes
d. seasonal migration of nomads

Answer 31

c. the extent of trade routes

Question 32

Ibn Battuta traveled widely across the Middle East, South Asia, Southeast Asia and Africa in the fourteenth century. His travels serve as evidence for the
a. unifying influence of Islam
b. excellent travel infrastructure of Asia and Africa
c. political stability of Asia and Africa
d. widespread use of paper money

Answer 32

a. unifying influence of Islam

Question 33

Malian Emperor Mansa Musa’s completion of the Hajj in the fourteenth century can be best understood in the context of which of the following?
a. the expansion of Islam throughout Afro-Eurasia
b. the development of new transportation technologies
c. the diffusion of African culture into the Middle East
d. the territorial expansion of West African empires

Answer 33

a. the expansion of Islam throughout Afro-Eurasia

Question 34

After leaving India, we arrived in Sumatra. It is a fertile area, in which coco-palm, clove, Indian aloe, mango, and sweet orange trees grow. Local commerce is facilitated by tin and Chinese gold. The sultan was informed of our visit and sent the judge and experts on Islamic law to meet me. The sultan is an illustrious and generous ruler and a patron of religious scholars. He is constantly waging war against the non-Muslims of Sumatra, but is a humble man who walks on foot to Friday prayers. The non-Muslims of the area must pay a poll-tax to obtain peace.
One Friday after leaving the mosque, the sultan mounted an elephant and we and his entourage rode with him on horses until we reached the palace. Male musicians came into the audience hall and sang before him, after which they led horses into the hall. The horses were embroidered in silk and wore golden anklets and danced before the sultan. I was astonished, even though I had seen the same performance at the court of the Delhi sultan in india*. My stay at the sultan’s court lasted fifteen days, after which i asked his permission to continue my journey to China because it is not possible to sail to China at all times of the year.
We then traveled to a kingdom on the Malay Peninsula aboard a Chinese ship. This kingdom is inhabited by non-Muslims and contains great quantities of aromatic spices and aloes. The merchants sell Indian aloe for a roll of cotton cloth, which is dearer to them than silk. The ruler is a non-Muslim. We then left the Malay Peninsula and sailed to another non-Muslim kingdom in Southeast Asia. After seventeen days at sea, with a favorable wind and sailing with maximum speed and ease, we reached the land of China.” *The Delhi Sultanate was a Muslim state in northern india that was ruled by a Turkic elite. Ibn Battuta, Muslim traveler from North Africa, account of his journey to China, circa 1345
The purpose of the Ibn Battuta account was most likely to
a. glorify himself by exaggerating the influence he had obtained over local rulers in Southeast Asia
b. warn Muslim merchants that China was gaining more dominance in the Indian ocean
c. encourage his fellow Muslims in North Africa to engage in maritime trade
d. inform his audience about the cultural, political, and economic characteristics of the places he visited

Answer 34

d. inform his audience about the cultural, political, and economic characteristics of the places he visited

Question 35

After leaving India, we arrived in Sumatra. It is a fertile area, in which coco-palm, clove, Indian aloe, mango, and sweet orange trees grow. Local commerce is facilitated by tin and Chinese gold. The sultan was informed of our visit and sent the judge and experts on Islamic law to meet me. The sultan is an illustrious and generous ruler and a patron of religious scholars. He is constantly waging war against the non-Muslims of Sumatra, but is a humble man who walks on foot to Friday prayers. The non-Muslims of the area must pay a poll-tax to obtain peace.
Based on Ibn Battuta’s description of the Sultan of Sumatra, his point of view could most likely be characterized as that of
a. Sunni Muslim merchant who believes that commercial profits should be given greater consideration than religious purity
b. Sufi Muslim mystic who believes that Muslim rulers should encourage religious coexistences
c. Shi’a Muslim cleric who believes that false interpretations of Islam have corrupted the religion
d. Sunni Muslim jurist who believes that a Muslim ruler should patronize the religious elite and seek to expand Islam

Answer 35

d. Sunni Muslim jurist who believes that a Muslim ruler should patronize the religious elite and seek to expand Islam

Question 36

One Friday after leaving the mosque, the sultan mounted an elephant and we and his entourage rode with him on horses until we reached the palace. Male musicians came into the audience hall and sang before him, after which they led horses into the hall. The horses were embroidered in silk and wore golden anklets and danced before the sultan. I was astonished, even though I had seen the same performance at the court of the Delhi sultan in India. My stay at the sultan’s court lasted fifteen days, after which i asked his permission to continue my journey to China because it is not possible to sail to China at all times of the year.
Ibn Battuta’s claim that the ceremony he observed at the court of the sultan of Sumatra was similar to a ceremony he had seen at the court of Delhi sultan of India is most likely understood in the context of which of the following developments in the Indian Ocean region in the period of 1200-1450?
a. expanding trade facilitated increased tolerance of the other religious groups
b. cultural exchanged emerged from competition among maritime empires
C. increased cross-cultural interactions facilitated the spread of cultural traditions
d. cultural exchange emerged from new patterns of regional commerce

Answer 36

d. cultural exchange emerged from new patterns of regional commerce

Question 37

Which of the following was a short-term effect of the Mongol conquests of Islamic Central Asia and the Middle East?
a. the displacement of Muslim merchant communities by Mongol merchants
b. the establishment of several European crusader states in the Middle East
c. the decline of Muslim cities and disruption of economic and cultural activities
d. The conversion of Mongols to Buddhism and the subsequent spread of Buddhism across Eurasia

Answer 37

c. the decline of Muslim cities and disruption of economic and cultural activities

Question 38

Between 200 and 1450 CE, the silk roads connected which of the following?
a. the Indian Ocean and the Atlantic Ocean
b. North Africa and Western Europe
c. East Asia and the Mediterranean Sea
d. South Asia and Eastern Europe

Answer 38

c. East Asia and the Mediterranean Sea

Question 39

Image 1: WOOD PRINTING PLATE CONTAINING A PAPER MONEY NOTE WRITTEN IN MONGOL AND CHINESE, PRODUCED IN CHINA, CIRCA 1287
The smaller Chinese characters on the lower half of the note say, *This note can be circulated in various provinces without expiration dates. Counterfeiters will be put to death.”
Image 2: “MONEYLENDING AT INTEREST IN A BANKING HOUSE” THE TREATISE ON THE SEVEN SINS, MANUSCRIPT PRODUCED IN GENOA, NORTHERN ITALY, EARLY FOURTEENTH CENTURY. The Latin text in the upper left-hand corner warns against greed.
The commercial practices shown in the images emerged in order to
a, facilitate the development of regional trade networks by creating uniform currencies and systems of credit
b. finance imperial conquests by supplying credit and currency for purchasing weapons
c. facilitate a growing trade in luxury goods by providing greater access to currency and credit
d. finance transnational Chinese artisan business across Eurasia by diversifying sources of credit and currency

Answer 39

c. facilitate a growing trade in luxury goods by providing greater access to currency and credit

Question 40

Image 2: “MONEYLENDING AT INTEREST IN A BANKING HOUSE” THE TREATISE ON THE SEVEN SINS, MANUSCRIPT PRODUCED IN GENOA, NORTHERN ITALY, EARLY FOURTEENTH CENTURY. The Latin text in the upper left-hand corner warns against greed.
The authors portrayal of activities in image 2, was most likely informed by
a aristocratic resentment of peasants
b. Christian religious ideals
c. royal concern about growing wealth of merchants
d. aristocratic ideals of chivalry and valor.

Answer 40

b. Christian religious ideals

Question 41

Trade spurred the introduction of both Hinduism and Islam to what is now called
a. Japan
b. Brazil
c. Pakistan
d. Indonesia

Answer 41

d. Indonesia

Question 42

In the fourteenth century, merchants from China, Arabia, Persia, and Egypt were drawn to Calicut India primarily to purchase
a. iron
b. pepper
c. sugar
d. ivory

Answer 42

b. pepper

Question 43

In the period of 600 to 1450 CE, merchant diaspora communities, such as Muslims in India, Chinese in Southeast Asia, and Jews in the Mediterranean, had which of the following in common?
a. they generally imposed their own language on their communities
b. the generally became outposts for expansion of imperial power
c. they generally lost touch with their homelands and merged with their local populations
d. they generally introduced their own cultural practices into local communities

Answer 43

d. they generally introduced their own cultural practices into local communities

Question 44

The founding of the institution shown in the image (the Sankore Mosque and Madrasa (Islamic Religious School) in Timbulat, Founded during the Mall Empire, circa 1300) is best understood in the context of which of the following?
a. the fragmentation of the Abbasid caliphate
b. the migration of Arabic speaking peoples to the Swahili coast
c. the diffusion of Islamic practices across the Indian Ocean trade networks
d. the spread of Islam in North Africa

Answer 44

d. the spread of Islam in North Africa

Question 45

Which of the following developments contributed most directly to the construction of the Sankore Mosque and Madrasa (Islamic Religious School) in Timbulat, Founded during the Mall Empire, circa 1300?
a. population growth due to the introduction of new crops
b. conquests by Turkic people in Afro-Eurasia
c. Trade in gold and salt across the trans-Saharan routes
d. the spread of technological innovations following the crusades

Answer 45

c. Trade in gold and salt across the trans-Saharan routes

Question 46

The building materials and design features of the structure in the Sankore Mosque and Madrasa (Islamic Religious School) in Timbulat, founded during the Mall Empire, circa 1300 best illustrates which of the following?
a. adaptation of religious practices to local traditions
b. the spread of Mongol culture through conquest and trade
c. conflict between Muslim and Christian communities in the Mediterranean
d. the role of merchants in cultural exchange

Answer 46

a. adaptation of religious practices to local traditions

Question 47

“Khubilai Khan, the founder of the Yuan Dynasty, helped win Chinese acceptance of foreign rule by giving his dynasty a Chinese name and welcoming several prominent chinese scholars as advisors; he established his court and the Yuan capital in Dadu (modern Beijing) to keep the symbolic center of rule in China. Western and Central Asians such as Turks, Uighurs, Persians, and Tibetans, however, held high-level positions in the Yuan bureaucracy.
Tensions built between (these] ethnic groups at court and Chinese officials who felt that foreigners cared little about traditional Confucian values. Same Chinese saw Tibetans as arrogantly claiming privileged status for themselves; some criticized Muslim financial advisors for imposing too severe a tax burden on the Chinese people. Nevertheless, the Mongols united China once again, and the Chinese believed that by doing so the Yuan had won the Mandate of Heaven.
One remarkable aspect of the Yuan dynasty was its openness to all religions. Clergy of any tradition were untaxed; and churches, temples, and mosques were left alone as long as they didn’t oppose Mongolian rule.” - Haiwang Yuan, historian, textbook on Chinese history published in the United States, 2010
What piece of evidence from the passage would best support the argument that the Mongols contributed to the integration of cultures across Eurasia by the end of the thirteenth century?
a. Khubhlai Khan established the dynasty’s capital on the sight of present-day Beijing
b. Turks, Uighurs, and Persians served in high level positions in the Yuan Dynasty
c. Some Chinese opposed Mongol rule and the appointment of foreign Yuan officials
d. Some Chinese opposed having Muslim and Tibetan officials at the Mongols court

Answer 47

b. Turks, Uighurs, and Persians served in high level positions in the Yuan Dynasty

Question 48

The expansion of the Mongol Empire led most directly to the
a. spread of feudal land regulations into East Asia,
b. the fall of European Crusader states in Syria and Palestine into Muslim hands
c. the collapse of previously existing states like Song Dynasty China
d. the adoption of Islamic systems of rule by Arab and Turkic states in the Middle East

Answer 48

c. the collapse of previously existing states like Song Dynasty China

Question 49

“One remarkable aspect of the Yuan dynasty was its openness to all religions. Clergy of any tradition were untaxed; and churches, temples, and mosques were left alone as long as they didn’t oppose Mongolian rule.”
All of the following are factually accurate. Which would most strongly support the author’s claim regarding Yuan Dynasty and religious tolerance in the above paragraph?
a. Khubhlai Khan introduced paper currency intended for ubiquitous use
b. Tibetans were often recruited to serve in the Yuan military forces
c. Yuan rulers welcomed European merchants and diplomats to their cities and courts
d. Yuan rulers financed the building of Christian churches in China

Answer 49

d. Yuan rulers financed the building of Christian churches in China

Question 50

Before 1450 CE, which of the following is true of the sub-Saharan Africa’s commercial economy?
a. Phoenician/merchants controlled most of the long distance trade of sub-Saharan Africa
b. The Mali-Great Zimbabwe trade route dominated the economy of sub-Saharan Africa
c. sub-Saharan African exported gold to the Middle East and Europe
d. The Sahara Desert prevented African’s who lived to its south from engaging in long distance trade

Answer 50

c. sub-Saharan African exported gold to the Middle East and Europe

Question 51

A historian researching the effects of the Crusades on the diffusion of technology would probably find which of the following most useful?
a. European crusader accounts offslamic religious practices
b. Muslim accounts of European courtship practices
c. Monks’ translations of Arabic mathematics text brought from conquered territories
d. Birth records from villages along crusader travel routes

Answer 51

c. Monks’ translations of Arabic mathematics text brought from conquered territories

Question 52

The expansion of communication and trade networks in Afro-Eurasia from 600 to 1450 resulted in which of following from South Asia
a. Military weaponry such as iron tipped spears and chariots
b. technological and scientific concepts like the number zero and decimals
c. irrigation technologies, such as ceramic pipes
d. textile manufacturing processes like the spinning jenny

Answer 52

b. technological and scientific concepts like the number zero and decimals

Question 53

Historians who argue that there was substantial global integration by the end of the thirteenth century would most likely cite which of the following as evidence to support their claim?
a. the political unification of large territories under imperial rule in the Mediterranean and East Asia?
b. the widening and deepening of exchange networks linking Afro-Eurasia after the Mongol conquests
c. the spread of global capitalism from Europe to Africa to Southeast Asia
d. the creation of new naval trading systems in the Atlantic Ocean

Answer 53

b. the widening and deepening of exchange networks linking Afro-Eurasia after the Mongol conquests

Question 54

Which of the following statements about the Mongol Empire of the thirteenth century is true?
a. the invasion of Japan was attempted but unsuccessful
b. the number of Buddhists and Muslims in Asia dropped significantly because of Mongol policy
c. in China, Mongols eliminated the Chinese scholar-official class
d. The Mongols conquered Constantinople

Answer 54

c. in China, Mongols eliminated the Chinese scholar-official class

Question 55

A CHRONICLE DEPICTING A MASS BURIAL IN THE CITY OF TOURNAI, LOCATED IN MODERN BELGIUM, CIRCA 1349
The mortality depicted in the image most likely contributed to which of the following changes in Europe in the late fourteenth and early fifteenth centuries?
a. the end of feudalism
b. the decline of serfdom
c. the collapse of the Byzantine Empire
d. The Western Schism

Answer 55

b. the decline of serfdom

Question 56

Marco Polo described which of the following in Khubhlai Khan’s court that he had not encountered in Europe
a. the use of spies in foreign states
b. the interest of the Khan in the international sea trade and European ship-building techniques
c. the use of paper currency, coal, and frequent bathing
d. austerity in the design and building of the khan’s palace

Answer 56

d. austerity in the design and building of the khan’s palace

Question 57

The map above shows which of the following empires at its greatest extent?
a. the empire of Alexander the Great
b. The Mauryan Empire
c. the Empire of Mali
d. the Mongol Empire

Answer 57

d. the Mongol Empire

Question 58

Which of the following lists three place the fourteenth century Muslim traveler, In Battuta, visited?
a. Persia, India, Mali
b. China, Al-Andalus, Zanzibar
c. France, Iraq, India
d. Timbuktu, Granada, Khanbalik

Answer 58

a. Persia, India, Mali

Question 59

13. the expansion of the Mongol Empire most directly led to which of the following political developments in Afro-Eurasia?
    a. the spread of feudalism to Western Europe, as Mongol conquests greatly weakened centralized monarchies
    b. the expansion of the Mali Empire in West Africa, as the Mongol conquests destroyed the Abbasid Caliphate
    c. the disruption of long dynastical states in East Asia
    d. the adoption of Muslim style rule by Turkic people in the Seljuk empire.

Answer 59

c. the disruption of long dynastical states in East Asia

Question 60

The breakup of the Mongol Empire into separate khanates during the mid thirteenth century was most connected to which of the following developments
a. the spread of the bubonic plague following the expansion of trade along the silk roads weakened the Mongol empire both politically and militarily
b. Mongol Traditions emphasized tribal and personal loyalties and made it difficult to establish long-lasting centralized dynastic rule
c. rebellions in China overthrew Mongol rule there and led to the reestablishment of Han Chinese rule in the Ming Dynasty
d. the attempts of the Mongol Empire to convert its subjects under one religion caused cultural clashes amongst its heterogeneous population.

Answer 60

b. Mongol Traditions emphasized tribal and personal loyalties and made it difficult to establish long-lasting centralized dynastic rule

Question 61

Which of the following best describes an effect of the establishment of the Mongol Empire upon Silk Road long distance trade?
a. the Silk Road decline due to the preference of Mongol Rulers utilizing maritime trade routes
b. the Silk Road increase due to connection between regions established by the Mongol Empire, both security and infrastructure being provided by the empire
c. the Silk Road trade was largely unaffected due to the lack of demand for luxury goods.
d. Silk Road trade collapsed due to the destruction of trade routes and cities as a byproduct of Mongol Conquest

Answer 61

b. the Silk Road increase due to connection between regions established by the Mongol Empire, both security and infrastructure being provided by the empire

Question 62

The changes in the distribution of cities in the period of 1200-1400 CE best support which of the following conclusions?
a. The emergence of the Mongol Empire significantly increased the number of urban centers in Europe.
b. The adoption of champa rice during the Song Dynasty significantly increased the share of China’s urban population
c. the Mongol Conquests had a more disruptive impact on the Middle East and Central Asia than on East Asia
d. The outbreaks of bubonic plague greatly reduced urban populations across Eurasia.

Answer 62

c. the Mongol Conquests had a more disruptive impact on the Middle East and Central Asia than on East Asia

Question 63

Which of the following was NOT one of the Mongol Khanates of the thirteenth century?
a. Seljuk Khanate of Anatolia
b. Il-Khanate of Persia
c. Khanate of the Golden Horde
d. Yuan Dynasty

Answer 63

b. Il-Khanate of Persia

Question 64

Image 1: SCENES FROM SOWING AND REAPING, A YUAN-DYNASTY (CIRCA 1350) COPY OF A SONG-ASTY (CIRCA 1150) ILLUSTRATED SCROLL ABOUT THE PRACTICE OF RICE CULTIVATION IN CHINA. Workers irrigating a rice field by powering a mechanical water wheel with their feet
Image 2: Men, women, and children harvesting rice
Which of the following most likely explains why the scroll was copied for a new audience in the 1350’s?
a. the Mongol Conquest resulted in large scale damage to irrigation systems
b. the artists wished to display the superiority of the Song Dynasty over the Yuan Dynasty
c. Mongols adopted and spread technological innovations throughout their empire
d. Chinese culture had significant influence on its neighbors Korea and Vietnam

Answer 64

c. Mongols adopted and spread technological innovations throughout their empire