unit one test Flashcards
9/10/24
The study of connections in nature
How organisms interact with one another and with their nonliving environment
Ecology
A group of individual organisms of the same species living within a particular area
Population
A community of different species interacting together and with the chemical and physical factors making up its non-living environment
Ecosystem
non living
abiotic ecosystem
living
biotic
Chemicals organisms need in large numbers to live, grow, and reproduce (carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, nitrogen, calcium, and iron)
macronutrients
Needed in small or trace amounts (sodium, zinc, copper, chlorine, and iodine)
micronutrients
o Production of organic compounds from atmospheric or aquatic carbon dioxide (may occur through photosynthesis)
o Almost all life on earth is directly or indirectly reliant on it
primary production
o The rate at which an ecosystem’s producers capture and store a given amount of chemical energy as biomass in each length of time
Gross Primary Production (GPP)
As plant or animal matter dies it will break down and return the chemicals back to the soil.
This happens very quickly in tropical rainforest which results in low-nutrient soils.
Grasslands have the deepest and most nutrient rich of all soils
decomposition
o the remaining fixed energy is referred to as
Net Primary Production (NPP)
An organism uses solar energy (green plant) or chemical energy (bacteria) to manufacture its food called chemosynthesis
producer
Get their food by eating or breaking down all or parts of other organisms or their remains (heterotrophs)
consumers
o primary consumers that eat producers (feeds directly on all or parts of plants)
herbivores
o primary consumers that eat primary consumers
carnivores
o an organism that fees only on primary consumers, most animals but some plants
1st Order Secondary consumers
o Animals that feed on animal eating animals
2nd Order Tertiary Consumer
o animal that feeds on tertiary consumers (humans)
3rd Order Quaternary Consumer