Unit One: Revolutions Flashcards

Question

# General Napoleon Bonaparte Napoleonic Code

Answer 1

* Reformed french legal system to reflect SOME of the ideas of the revolution and enlightenment - Freedom of religion - Maintains property rights - Equality before the law * BUT: - Press and political freedoms restricted and anti-women * ECONOMIC REFORMS: - Equal taxes - National bank - Business loans - Making it easy for french businesses to start, france becomes more self sufficient - Conquering lands helped french economy * GOVERNMENTAL REFORMS: - Merit system - If you do good, you get good - Public schools - Wanted good education for good workers - Strengthened military - Treated them well * RELIGIOUS REFORMS: - Religious tolerance - All religions were respected and accepted - Peace agreement with pope - The concordat of 1801 - Reestablished trust between france and roman catholic church which had been lost after the national assembly outlawed religion.

Answer 2

* Basically an island populated by slaves - Half a million slaves by 1789 * The rate of death of slaves on plantations was higher than anywhere else in the western hemisphere - Cheaper to import new ones than working to increase survival * Before french revolution, in 1789, there were eight times as many slaves as there were white and mixed-race people combined * Slaves wanted their freedom and to be granted the same rights as French men

Answer 3

* "3" Social classes - Grand Blancs - Rich white people who lived in France - Had most of the political power - Owned most of the land on the island - Petit Blancs - White people who lived on the island - Had local political power - Had control of the militia - Gens De Couleur - mixed race people who managed the investments of the Grand Blancs - Had considerable power - Faced racism and segregation - Slaves - Owned by Grand Blancs - Had no political power - Had no rights - Made up vast majority of the population

Answer 4

* Passed by the National Assembly * Gave any male over 25 who paid taxes and owned land the right to vote * Created a conflict where white men were angry mixed men could vote * Through island into chaos and disaray - Distracted white people eough that slaves began to revolt

Answer 5

* Born into slavery, frred in his mid 20s (late 1700s) * Fiercely loyal to france * Gained and lost wealth while working various jobs on various plantations * 50 at start of revolution * He was the FIRST leader of the revolution

Answer 6

* Slaves rebel * Britain and Spain also enter conflict, hoping to take french land * Grand blancs tried to make a deal with great britain to control haiti hoping to maintain slavery - Britain only saw as opportunity to take french land * Within a year of their revolt the slaves controlled ⅓ of the island - National assembly sent 6,000 soldiers - They also abolished slavery and grant civil + political rights to free men of color - This helps France regain control of the island * Freed slaves and people of color now fight for France against Britian and Spain

Answer 7

* Napoleon comes into power and sends an army intoHaiti - after weeks of fighting, surrender is negotiated - if Haitian army joins up with french army, slavery will remain abolished * L’ouverture was deceived and sent to france where he died * Napoleon then tried to reinstate slavery * Jean Jacques Dessalines then leads Haitian army with a new goal of independence * Britain and France go to war again, and the Haitains team up with Britain to defeat the French and gain their independence

Answer 8

* Becomes the revolution's new leader after L'Ouverture dies * His forces beat the French * Later named Emperor of Haiti by generals of the Haitian army - Jacques I - Rules until his assasination only a few years later * During his rule he orders the massacre of any remaining Europeon population in Haiti - With the acception of the Poles and Germans - 3,000-5,000 killled (Including women and children)

Answer 9

* New ruling class: NOIR - replaced the white ruling class with a black one - However, anyone (regardless of race) could be considered Noir if they met the qualifications * Two classes of common people - Soldiers - Laborors - Many people were sent back to work on plantations, but succeeded in rebuilding the country * Laborors resemled slaves but were not technically because they were paid for their work (VERY LITTLE) * France forced Haiti to pay 150 million Francs in reparations to it's slaveholders - price was reduced but was still not paid off for over 100 years

Answer 10

* First independent nation in latin america * first post-colonial independent black-led nation in the world * Unpaid labor is still a practice * As many as 1/2 million children are unpaid servants called "Restavek" - 25% of haitian children 5-7 live away from their parents due to poverty - basically the parent's are paid for their children's labor

Answer 11

* Enlightenment thinkers and revolutionary thinking: - Natural Rights: John Locke - Social Contract: Locke - Direct Democracy: Jean Jacques Roussea

Answer 12

* Discrimination against a majority group - 3rd Estate - Slaves * Poor living conditions/ High Taxes - Famine and food shortages (Inflated prices for bread) - High Taxes * Bad Leadership - King Louis XVI was bad

Answer 13

* French v Haitian Revolutions - Both started because the majority was being oppressed by the government - Government gets overthrown - New government starts off with good intentions, but becomes power hungry and violent - Different results because the french revolution, everything reverted back to a monarchy and stuff. However, Haitians gained their freedom and independence