Unit One- FSD Flashcards
Timeboxing
A time management technique where someone determines the maximum amount of time to spend on a task.
Pseudocode
An informal code style intended to give explanation and meaning.
Interface
A medium that takes information from one source, and passes it to another source. The interface usually makes a meaningful translation between the two sources.
Folder
A named container of files and other folders (normally named sub-folders). Can be inside of another folder
Root directory
The nickname of the top-most folder that exists on the machine.
CPU
The CPU is a physical bunch of electronic circuitry located in a small package on the main board, or motherboard, of the computer.
RAM
(Random-access memory). 1. Ram is fast 2. Ram holds data temporarily.
Set
An abstract data type that can store unique values, without any particular order
Union
The union of a collection of sets is a new set consisting of all the elements in the input sets.
Intersection
The intersection of two sets, A and B is a set containing all the elements of A which also belong to B.
Difference
The difference of two sets A and B consists of a set consisting of all the elements in set A excluding any element also found in set B.
Disjoint
Two sets A and B are disjoint when the intersection of set A and set B is empty.
Tuple
An immutable data type that can store ordered values.
Immutable
Unchanging over time or unable to be changed
Mutable
Able to change
JSON
a lightweight data-interchange format that can hold objects, arrays,
strings, numbers, booleans, and other formats. Intentionally
language-independent.
Automated Test
Scripts that test specific code for correct functionality (Test)
Unit Test
Scripts designed to test the performance of a single function. (Test Case)
Software
Software is a collection of instructions for a computer to execute. (Program, app, application).
Application
Software designed for an end-user. (App)
Source Code
Code that builds software and is readable to a human.
Open Source
Source doe that is available to view and use
Local Machine
Your very own computer in front of you
Code of Conduct
A written set of norms for a community, typically outlining rules, responsibilities, and accountability
Iteration
A sequence of instructions that repeats. (loop)
for loop
A kind of loop that will loop over every element in something iterable, such as a list.
Infinite loop
A loop that runs and never terminates or ends. This leads to a program freezing or getting stuck doing the same thing forever.
Counter variable
A variable solely used to represent a number that increments or
decrements. Usually, counter variables are used to count loop
iterations. It needs to be initialized outside of the loop. This is an
informal, casual label.
Break
A keyword that will exit an entire loop
continue
A keyword that will immediately advance one iteration in a loop.
range()
A Python function that creates a sequence
Two-dimensional arrays
A list where each element is a list. This often implies that all
inner lists have the same length. When all inner lists have the same
length, a two-dimensional array can resemble a grid, as the structure
mimics rows and columns. (nested lists/arrays, 2d array)
Nested loop
A loop that runs inside of another loop.
Error
When a program does unexpected things
Crash
When a program comes to a halt because of an error
Syntax Error
An error caused by incorrect syntax that Python cannot interpret
Runtime Error
An error raised during runtime
Logical Error
An error caused by incorrect logic.
Stack trace
A report of the active stack frames at a certain point in time during execution of a program. Reports error messages and details about that error (traceback)
NameError
A local or global name is not found.
OverflowError
The result of an arithmetic operation is too large to be represented
SyntaxError
The parser encounters a syntax error
TypeError
An operation or function is applied to an object of inappropriate type.
KeyboardInterrupt
The user hits the interrupt key (normally Control-C or Delete).
Version
Code at a specific point in time labeled with a number based identifier.
Version Control System
A tool that records changes to a file or set of files over time as versions.
Git
A distributed version control system that makes snapshots of files or multiple files in a repository to be later referenced as a version.
