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Applied Behavior Analysis > UNIT ONE > Flashcards

UNIT ONE Flashcards

1
Q

What is science its basic characteristics and goals?

A
  • TGABA

_ TYH
_ GBTSLAP
_AFKP
_BA - SS
_ASAAW - SR

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2
Q

What is a Functional Relation?

A

A change in the dependent variable that is produced by a change in the independent variable.

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3
Q

What is behaviorism?

A

the philosophy of the science of behavior.

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4
Q

What are the main branches of study?

A
  • EA of B - Experimental Analysis of Behavior
    a. basic research on behavior principles with animals
  • ABA - Applied Behavior Analysis
    a. Researching and applying behavior principles with humans.
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5
Q

Define stimulus

A
  • Any event or object in the environment that can be detected by the senses and has the potential to influence behavior. EX: loud noise, the smell of food.
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6
Q

What is positive reinforcement?

A
  • adding a stimulus (reinforcer) to increase the behavior reoccurring.
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7
Q

What is Negative reinforcement?

A
  • behavior strengthened by the removal, reduction, or avoidance of an unpleasant stimulus.
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8
Q

What is a Conditioned Reinforcement?

A
  • Previously Neutral Stimulus becomes reinforcing through its association with a primary reinforcer. EX: Money
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9
Q

What is an Unconditioned Reinforcement?

A
  • involves stimuli that is naturally reinforcing because it satisfies a basic biological needs. EX: Food
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10
Q

What is Positive Punishment?

A
  • behavior is followed by the presentation of an aversive stimulus, while decreasing the likelihood of the behavior occurring again in the future.
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11
Q

What is Negative Punishment?

A
  • B.F. Skinner - Operant conditioning - it involves removing a desired stimulus, to decrease the likelihood of a behavior re-occurring. EX: taking away a toy
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12
Q

What is the Motivating operation? (reinforcer)

A
  • environmental event or condition that temporarily alters the effectiveness of a reinforcer, and the frequency of the behavior associated with the reinforcer.
    –EO –> the effectiveness of a reinforcer
    –AO –> After eating, the food becomes less effective as a reinforcer.
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13
Q

What is Behavioral Contingency?

A
  • relationship between a specific behavior and its consequences. ‘If then’ (reinforced or punished) *ABC
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14
Q

What does ABC represent?

A

Antecedent - situation or event that precedes the behavior
Behavior - specific action or response
Consequence - outcome or result

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15
Q

What are the steps included in a respondent conditioning paradigm?

A

Respondent conditioning
1. CS, 2. UR, 3. NS, 4. CS, = 5.CR

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16
Q

What are the stages of Respondent Conditioning?

A

A, E, C.S.

17
Q

What is Aquisition?

A

the phase where the Neutral Stimulus is repeatedly paired with the Unconditioned Stimulus until it becomes a conditioned stimulus.

18
Q

What is Extinction?

A

the gradual weakening and eventual disappearance of the conditioned response when the conditioned stimulus is no longer paired with the unconditioned stimulus.

19
Q

What is a spontaneous recovery?

A

the reappearance of the conditioned response after a period of rest and with no further conditioning.

20
Q

What is an example of the respondent conditioning paradigm?

A

BC –> Food (US) –> Salivation (UR); Bell (NS) –> No Response.
DC –> Bell (NS) + Food (US) –> Salivation (UR).
AC –>Bell (CS) –> Salivation (CR)

21
Q

What is Operant Conditioning?

A

also known as instrumental conditioning; is a learning process where behaviors are influenced by their consequences.

22
Q

Describe the operant conditioning paradigm.

A

PR –> NR –> P (PP or NP) –> Ext.

23
Q

Provide examples of the operant conditioning paradigm.

A

BCR
Behavior - a student raises their hand in class.
Consequence - the teacher praises the student (positive reinforcement)
Result - the student is more likely to raise their hand in the future.

24
Q

What are the 7 dimensions of ABA?

A

ABAT,C.S,EG

  1. Applied - focuses on behaviors that are socially significant
  2. Behavioral - emphasizes the need for precise measurement of the actual behavior in need of improvement and documents that it was the subject’s behavior that changed.
  3. Analytic - demonstrates a functional relationship between the manipulated events and the behavior of interest, showing control over the behavior.
  4. Technological - procedures are described clearly and concisely so that others can replicate the intervention.
  5. Conceptually Systematic - interventions are consistent with principles demonstrated in the literature and are described in terms of these principles.
  6. Effective - interventions produce significant behavior changes that are socially important.
  7. Generality - behaviors changes achieved should maintain overtime, appear in other environments, or spread to other behaviors.

Applied Behavior Analysis (3 decks)

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