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Blood and Lymph > Unit IV: Hemostasis > Flashcards

Unit IV: Hemostasis Flashcards

1
Q

Hemostasis

A

Ability of the body to stop bleeding from a damaged blood vessel and repair its function

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2
Q

Serine Protease Coagulation Factors

A

Prekallikrein, Factors II, VII, IX, X, XI, XII

Related to Trypsin/ChymoTrypsin, cleave at arginyl residues

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3
Q

Cofactor Coagulation Factors

A

Tissue Factor, HMWK, Factors V, VIII

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4
Q

Intrinsic Tenase

A

Factor IX, Factor VIII, phospholipid, calcium

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5
Q

Extrinsic Tenase

A

TF, Factor VII, phospholipid + calcium

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6
Q

Prothrombinase Complex

A

Factor X, Factor V, Phospholipid, Calcium

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7
Q

Vitamin K Dependent

A

Factors II, VII, IX, X. Proteins C and S

Glutamic acid residues modifies to gamma-carboxyl glutamic acid so that they can bind calcium

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8
Q

Functions of von Williebrand Factor (2)

A

Stored in enodthelial cells and platelets
Binds Factor VIII (increased half life)
Platelet Adhesion and Aggregation

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9
Q

Thrombin Functions (5)

A

Cleaves Fibrinogen to Fibrin
Activates V and VIII for prothrombinase/intrinsic
Activates XI to create more IXa
Activates XIII to strengthen/stabilize clot
Platelet Activation (flip phosphatidylserine)

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10
Q

Primary Hemostasis

A

Adhesion, Aggregation, and Activation of Platelets

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11
Q

Secondary Hemostasis

A

Coagulation cascade to form fibrin clot at injury site

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12
Q

Three Mechanisms of Thrombocytopenia

A

Decreased platelet production (1’ or 2’ marrow disorder)
Increased Platelet Destruction (Acute or Chronic AB)
Increased Platelet Consumption (DIC, Sepsis, TTP, HUS)

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13
Q

How to treat ITP

A

IVIG to block RES macrophages, splenectomy, corticosteroids to reduce B cell responses

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14
Q

vWF Disease Treatment

A

Secondary hemostasis impaired in severe cases (increases half life of VIII)
DDAVP releases extra vWF from endothelials

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15
Q

3 Types of vWF disease

A

Type 1: Not enough made
Type 2: Non-functional
Type 3: Zero made

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16
Q

Factor V Leiden

A

Factor V PM that makes it resistant to Protein C

17
Q

PT/INR

A

Measures extrinsic pathway (II, V, VII, X)

Differential includes Vitamin K or liver issue

18
Q

APTT

A

Measures entire pathway but most sensitive for high factor numbers (VIII, IX, XI)
Prolonged in hemophilia
Monitor Heparin therapy

19
Q

Thrombin Time

A

Measures fibrinogen

Sensitive to heparin

20
Q

Bleeding Time

A

Measures platelet-Vessel interaction

Not affected by coagulation factor abnormalities

21
Q

PFA

A

In vitro bleeding test, also tests platelet response to agonists

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