Unit III

Question 1

CN V -

1. The trigeminal nerve is the ___ of the CNs
2. It is a ___ nerve
3. It carries many __ fibers and few __ fibers
4. otherwise know as “____”

Answer 1

1. largest
2. mixed
3. sensory, motor
4. Great sensory nerve of the face

Question 2

CN V -

1. There are # nuclei of termination
2. List them
3. # nucleus of origin
4. list

Answer 2

1. three
2. Main sensory nucleus, spinal nucleus, and trigeminal mesencephalic nucleus
3. one
4. trigeminal motor nucleus

Question 3

CN V-

1. one ___
2. List
3. trigeminal nerve gets its name from its three peripheral branches, which are?
4. Which branch is motor?

Answer 3

1. peripheral ganglion
2. trigeminal (semilunar) ganglion
3. Ophthalmic, maxillary, and mandibular
4. mandibular

Question 4

Sensory Pathways -

1. to (2) nuclei
2. cell bodies located in ___
3. peripheral processes come from the __ to ___
4. Central processes from trigeminal ganglion enter __ and go to the ___ or to the ___
5. What does the main trigeminal nucleus measure?
6. What does the spinal nucleus measure?

Answer 4

1. main and spinal
2. trigeminal ganglion
3. face, trigeminal ganglion
4. CNS, main trigeminal nucleus or to the spinal nucleus
5. touch, vibration, joint proprioception
6. pain and temperature

Question 5

Sensory Pathways -

1. To ___ nucleus
2. dendrites from the periphery pass ____ the trigeminal ganglion, enter the ___, and ascend to the ___
3. These are the ONLY ____ that have cell bodies located in the ___

Answer 5

1. mesencephalic
2. THROUGH, CNS, mesencephalic nucleus
3. primary sensory neurons, CNS

Question 6

Motor Pathway -

1. from the ___ nucleus
2. axons from the motor nucleus leave CNS and travel through the ___ to be carried in the ___ to supply ___
3. the mandibular branch is the ONLY branch to carry ___
4. The motor nucleus RECEIVES info from (6)

Answer 6

1. motor
2. trigeminal ganglion, mandibular branch
3. motor fibers
4. cerebral cortex (both hemispheres), reticular formation, red nucleus, tectum, medial longitudinal fasciculus, and mesencephalic nucleus (monosynaptic reflex)

Question 7

Course of Trigeminal Nerve -

1. apparent origin is ___
2. nerve travels anteriorwward over the petrous part of the ___ bone and enters ___, the ____.
3. ___ is found here.
4. Moving further into the periphery, what three branches/divisions arise from the trigeminal ganglion?

Answer 7

1. lateral aspect of the pons
2. temporal, a pouch of dura, trigeminal (Meckel’s) cave
3. trigeminal ganglion
4. ophthalmic, maxillary, and mandibular

Question 8

Ophthalmic Division -

1. Enters the orbit via ___ (just like (3) CNs)
2. ___ function only
3. carries sensation from (6)
4. Ophthalmic division gives rise to # branches
5. list them

Answer 8

1. superior orbital fissure, II, IV, and VI
2. sensory
3. skin over nose, forehead, and scalp, mucous membranes in frontal and sphenoid sinuses, and membrane covering nasal septum
4. 4
5. meningeal nerve, lacrimal nerve, frontal nerve, and nasociliary nerve

Question 9

Meningeal Nerve -

1. otherwise known as ___
2. is given off before the ophthalmic division leaves the ___
3. Supplies ___ lining the ___

Answer 9

1. tentorial branch
2. superior orbital fissure
3. dura, middle cranial fossa

Question 10

Lacrimal Nerve -

1. the ___ of the three main branches
2. travels along the superior aspect of the ____ muscle
3. It passes through the ___, which it ___
4. and reaches the ____ of the ___
5. also carries some ___ fibers to the lacrimal gland
6. These fibers originated in the ____ (CN ___) and reach the ___ by way of the (2)

Answer 10

1. smallest
2. lateral rectus
3. lacrimal gland, supplies
4. skin of the upper eyelid
5. parasympathetic (secretory)
6. pterygopalatine ganglion, CH VII, lacrimal nerve, zygomatic nerve and zygomaticotemporal nerves (CN V2)

Question 11

Frontal Nerve -

1. is the ___ major branch
2. It divides into # branches
3. ___ nerve conveys sensation from the ____
4. ___ nerve carries sensation from (4)

Answer 11

1. largest
2. 2
3. supratrochlear nerve, medial corner of the eye
4. supraorbital, conjunctiva, upper eyelid, and forehead as well as the mucous membrane lining the frontal sinus

Question 12

Nasociliary nerve -

1. gives rise to # branches before dividing into # terminal branches
2. list the three branches
3. List the 2 terminal branches
4. a communicating branch to the ___
5. Long ciliary nerve supplies the ___
6. Post ethmoid nerve carries ___ info from the (2)
7. ant ethmoid nerve supplies the ___ by way of the (2) by way of the ___
8. Infratrochlear nerve supplies the ___, including the ___

Answer 12

1. 3, 2
2. communicating branch, long ciliary nerve, and post ethmoid nerve
3. ant ethmoid nerve and infratrochlear nerve
4. cilicary ganglion
5. eyeball
6. sensory, sphenoidal and ethmoidal sinuses
7. skin over the nose, external nasal nerve and the mucous membrane covering the ant part of the nasal septum, internal nasal nerve
8. medial corner of the eye, lacrimal sac

Question 13

Maxillary Division -

1. enters the ___ through the ___
2. ___ function only
3. carries sensation from the (8)
4. There are # branches of the maxillary division
5. list them

Answer 13

1. pterygopalatine fossa, round foramen
2. sensory
3. skin b/w the eyes and mouth, over the cheeks and temples, mucosa lining the maxillary sinuses, nasal conchae, palate, and gingiva of upper teeth
4. 4
5. Middle meningeal nerve, zygomatic nerve, two or three ganglionic branches, and infraorbital nerve

Question 14

Middle Meningeal Nerve -

1. given off before the division exits the ___
2. it supplies the ___ of the ___

Answer 14

1. round foramen

2. meninges, middle cranial fossa

Question 15

Zygomatic Nerve -

1. enters the orbit through the ___
2. gives off a ___ branch carrying ___ fibers from the ___ to the ___
3. gives rise to the ___ that supplies ___
4. ___ nerve supplies the skin over the ___

Answer 15

1. inferior orbital fissure
2. communicating, postganglionic parasympathetic, pterygopalatine ganglion, lacrimal gland
3. zygomaticotemporal nerve, skin over the temple
4. zygomaticofacial nerve, cheek

Question 16

Ganglionic branches -

1. carry ___ info from the (3) THROUGH the ____ to the ___

Answer 16

1. sensory, upper pharynx, nasal cavity, and palate, pterygopalatine ganglion, maxillary division

Question 17

Infraorbital Nerve -

1. travels through the (2) to supply the (3)
2. Before entering the infraorbital canal, it gives off the (3) nerves that carry ___ info from the ___
3. the ___is found just above the alveoli

Answer 17

1. infraorbital fissure and infraorbital canal, lower eyelid, skin over the upper jaw and the maxillary sinus
2. post (molars), middle (premolars), and ant (incisors) superior alveolar, sensory, teeth
3. superior dental plexus

Question 18

Pterygopalatine Ganglion -

1. branches of the ___ are used to distribute ___ fibers from the ____
2. ___ fibers reach the ganglion from the __ nerve by way of the ___ nerve
3. ___ fibers from the ___ pass through the ganglion
4. ___ fibers also pass through the ganglion

Answer 18

1. maxillary division of the trigeminal nerve (sensory), postganglionic parasympathetic fibers, pterygopalatine ganglion
2. preganglionic parasympathetic, facial, greater petrosal
3. postganglionic sympathetic, superior cervical ganglion
4. sensory

Question 19

Mandibular Divison -

1. Exits the cranial vault through the ___ as (2)
2. these roots combine in the ___ to form the ___
3. carries both ___ fibers
4. carries sensation from the (3) and sensation from (2)
5. motor innervation to # muscles including ___
6. # branches are given off in the ___
7. list them

Answer 19

1. oval foramen, large sensory root and a small motor root
2. infratemporal fossa, mandibular division
3. motor and sensory
4. skin over the mandible, post cheek, and post temple, mucosa of the lower oral cavity and cheeks
5. 8, muscles of mastication
6. 2, infratemporal fossa
7. recurrent meningeal branch and medial pterygoid nerve

Question 20

Recurrent Meningeal branch -

1. aka ___
2. reenters the cranium through the __ and carries ___ info from the (3)

Answer 20

1. nervus spinosum

2. foramen spinosum, sensory, dura of the middle cranial fossa, ant cranial fossa, and calvarium

Question 21

Medial Pterygoid Nerve -

1. is the ___ supply for the ___ muscle
2. it also gives rise to some fibers that pass through the ___ and supply the (2)

Answer 21

1. motor, medial pterygoid

2. otic ganglion, tensor veli palatine and the tensor tympani

Question 22

Mandibular Division -

1. at this point the mandibular nerve divides into a ___ ant division and a ___ post division
2. The ant division gives rise to (4) nerves
3. Post division gives rise to (3) nerves

Answer 22

1. motor, sensory
2. masseter, deep temporal, lateral pterygoid, and buccal
3. auriculotemporal, lingual, and inferior alveolar

Question 23

Masseter Nerve -

1. provides ___ innervation to the ___ and carries ___ info from the ___

Answer 23

1. motor, masseter, sensory, temporomandibular joint

Question 24

Deep Temporal Nerve -

1. gives rise to (2) branches
2. both branches supply the ___ muscle

Answer 24

1. anterior and posterior

2. temporalis

Question 25

Lateral Pterygoid nerve -

1. supplies the ___ muscle

Answer 25

1. lateral pterygoid

Question 26

Buccal Nerve -

1. is the major ___ branch of the ___ division
2. It conveys sensation from the __ and the ___

Answer 26

1. sensory, anterior

2. cheek (both skin and mucosal surfaces), buccal gingivae of the molars

Question 27

Which division is larger?

Answer 27

Posterior

Question 28

Auriculotemporal Nerve -

1. passes through the ___, posterior to the TMJ and into the __ as it carries ___ information from the (2)
2. It also carries some ___ fibers from the ___

Answer 28

1. parotid gland, infratemporal fossa, sensory, skin of the temple and ear
2. post ganglionic parasympathetic, otic ganglion

Question 29

Lingual Nerve -

1. conveys ___ info from the ___
2. it combines with a branch of CN # (___) in the ____

Answer 29

1. sensory, mucosa of the oral cavity

2. VII, chorda tympani, infratemporal fossa

Question 30

Inferior Alveolar nerve -

1. carries ___ info from the (2)
2. it has # branches
3. list them
4. ___ fibers carried in the inferior alveolar nerve diverge from the nerve prior to its passing through the ___ and supply the (2) muscles

Answer 30

1. sensory, lower teeth and the chin
2. 2
3. incisive branch and mental nerve
4. motor, mandibular foramen, mylohyoid and ant. belly of the digastric muscle

Question 31

Incisive branch -

1. Supplies the (4)

Answer 31

1. incisors, canines, and 1st premolars, and the adjacent gingivae

Question 32

Mental Nerve -

1. supplies the (3)

Answer 32

1. labial gingivae adjacent to the incisors and the skin of the lower lip and chin

Question 33

Mandibular Division -

1. # autonomic ganglia, list, communicate with the mandibular division
2. submandibular ganglion: RECEIVES some ___ fibers from CN __ by way of the ___, after it combines with the ___
3. otic ganglion: SENDS ___ fibers to the ___ by way of the ___. Some ___ fibers as well, motor fibers to (2) muscles
4. in some cases, the ___ nerve may convey some taste info (special sensory) to the chorda tympani

Answer 33

1. 2, submandibular and otic ganglion
2. preganglionic, VII, lingual nerve, chorda tympani
3. postganglionic, parotid gland, auriculotemporal nerve
4. lingual