Unit III Flashcards
Assesses the physical and
chemical properties of the soil.
Soil Analysis
Represents the percentage of water content in a
soil (water content)
Moisture Content Test
Crucial in determining the load-bearing capacity of the soil
Moisture
Obtained by dividing the
weight of a soil sample by
the weight of an equal
volume of water.
Specific Gravity Test
Weight of soil particles in a specific volume of soil sample and thus is a
function of void ratio and specific gravity.
Classify the soil as dense,
medium or loose.
Dry Density Test for Soil
Determines the essential water content of the soil;
Atterberg Limit Test
Densifies soil by reducing air voids
Compaction or Proctor’s Test
Developed a combination of
limestone + clay
Joseph Aspdin (1824)
Amount of cement to the total volume of aggregate in a concrete mix.
Cement-to-aggregate Ratio
The binding agent
. It forms a solid mass when mixed with water
Cement
Force that a home must be able
to withstand.
• Wind, earth, and snow loads
must be accommodated by the
structure without causing
catastrophic stress
Building Load
A collection of carefully spaced-apart
beams and columns that are used to build
multi story buildings
Frame
Are detailed written
descriptions of the work to be performed, the materials to be used, and the quality and performance requirements of those materials and components.
Specifications
A detailed written documents in the project manual. They are part of the contract documents and cover
aspects.
Construction Specifications
A tender document often
references about the
specific requirements and
construction standards
for various elements of a
project.
Technical Specifications
Describe the final results that are
expected from a construction project.
Performance Specifications
Requires the use of a single approved product
type for any particular installation.
Used by architects and contractors.
Proprietary Specifications
It conveys the requirements of a project through
a detailed explanation of the materials that the
contractor must use
Prescriptive Specifications
Commonly used in commercial and residential
work.
Also called as a general spec.
It contains product information but doesn’t
specify which manufacturer must be used
General Specifications
It covers virtually every aspect of construction in
precise terms including everything down to the
number of screws used to fasten materials
together.
Detailed Specifications
These are the most common types
and cover things like flooring
materials and steel thickness
requirements for beams and
columns.
Standard Specifications
Are typically used in more
complicated cases where unique
details might be required (like
installing a specific brand of
windows or doors).
Special Specifications
The art or knowledge of determining materials quantity and total project cost
Quantity Survey
Initial calculation to
determine project feasibility.
Rough Cost Estimate
Conducted once funds are
released, based on approved
drawings and specifications.
Detailed Estimate
Estimates cost based on drawings, specifications, and rates
Quantity Surveyor
Prepared for new projects (building, canal, road, etc)
Involves both rough cost estimate and detailed estimate
Original Estimate
Prepared for ongoing maintenance and repairs.
Keeps structures functional and well-maintained
Repair Estimate
Prepared when there is 5%
diversion in detailed estimates
Revised Estimates
Prepared when there is
changes with the design of an ongoing project
Supplementary Estimate
Determine the current rate per unit of an item at the locality
Rate Analysis
Final estimate based on all the available drawings, plans, and
blueprints.
Bid Estimate
Based on blueprint and building design with specifications
Construction Document Estimate
Based on initial project design
Design Development Estimate
Based on schematic design
Schematic Estimate Design
Before the design. To determine the feasibility of the project
Order of Magnitude Estimate
Most popular technique for calculating building costs.
It is approach works by figuring out the total cost of the project based on unit costs.
Unit Pricing
This technique is for calculating
construction costs by entails assessing the whole amount of work required and;
Offering a broad estimate
Budget Method
Expenses that directly affect the project.
Direct Expenses
Are incurred while completing the project but are not applicable to any specific task.
Indirect Expenses
This represents the total amount of supplies and labor required to finish a project.
Quantity Takeoffs
This represents the overall cost and the number of hours of work
necessary to do a task
Labor Hours and Labor Cost
The total material expense that the project financier will be responsible for is this
Cost of Materials
Expenditures that benefit more than one project objective.
Joint Costs
Expenses that have no direct impact on the project’s real expenditures.
Indirect Cost
