Unit II Practice Questions Flashcards
The descending (thoracic) aorta passes \_\_\_\_\_\_\_ to the left main bronchus. A. anterior B. posterior C. superior D. inferior
B
The descending (thoracic) aorta is typically positioned \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ to the thoracic vertebral bodies. A. anterior B. posterior C. lateral (left) D. lateral (right)
C
The internal thoracic artery and vein are positioned directly \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ to the first six costal cartilages. A. anterior B. posterior C. medial D. lateral
B
The right posterior intercostal arteries pass \_\_\_\_\_ to the vertebral bodies. A. anterior B. posterior C. superior D. inferior
A
At the hilum of the left lung, the pulmonary artery is positioned \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ to the primary bronchus. A. anterioor B. posterior C. superior D. inferior
C
6. At the hilum of the right lung, the pulmonary arteries are positioned \_\_\_\_\_\_\_ to the primary bronchus. A. anterior B. posterior C. superior D. inferior
A
The left phrenic nerve passes \_\_\_\_\_\_\_ to the root of the lung. A. anterior B. posterior C. superior D. inferior
A
The left phrenic nerve is positioned \_\_\_\_\_\_\_ to the pericardial sac. A. anterior B. posterior C. lateral D. superior
C
Adjacent to the ligamentum arteriosum, the left recurrent laryngeal nerve passes directly \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ to the arch of the aorta. A. superior B. inferior C. anterior D. posterior
B
The left vagus nerve passes directly \_\_\_\_\_\_\_ to the arch of the aorta. A. anterior B. posterior C. medial D. lateral
D
The left vagus nerve passes \_\_\_\_\_\_\_ to the left main bronchus. A. anterior B. posterior C. superior D. inferior
B
The right phrenic nerve is positioned \_\_\_\_\_\_\_ to the superior vena cava. A. anterior B. posterior C. medial D. lateral
D
The right vagus nerve passes \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ to the right main bronchus. A. anterior B. posterior C. superior D. lateral
B
The azygos vein (arch) passes \_\_\_\_\_\_\_ to the right main bronchus before draining into the superior vena cava. A. anterior B. posterior C. superior D. inferior
C
At the hilum of the left lung, the pulmonary veins are positioned \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ to the main bronchus. A. anterior and superior B. anterior and inferior C. posterior and superior D. posterior and inferior
B
At the hilum of the right lung, the pulmonary veins are positioned \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ to the main bronchus. A. anterior and superior B. anterior and inferior C. posterior and superior D. posterior and inferior
B
The superior vena cava is positioned \_\_\_\_\_\_\_ to the ascending aorta. A. anterior B. posterior C. medial D. lateral
D
The esophagus is positioned \_\_\_\_\_\_\_ to the trachea. A. anterior B. posterior C. medial D. lateral
B
The esophagus passes \_\_\_\_\_\_\_ to the left main bronchus. A. anterior B. posterior C. superior D. inferior
B
The thoracic duct is positioned \_\_\_\_\_\_ to the thoracic vertebral bodies. A. anterior B. posterior C. lateral (left) D. lateral (right)
A
The gastroduodenal artery passes \_\_\_\_\_\_\_ to the first segment of the duodenum. A. anterior B. posterior C. superior D. inferior
B
The hepatic artery proper, hepatic portal vein and common bile duct pass \_\_\_\_\_\_ to the epiploic foramen. A. anterior B. posterior C. superior D. inferior
A
The splenic artery passes \_\_\_\_\_\_ to the fundus of the stomach. A. anterior B. posterior C. medial D. lateral
B
The splenic artery and vein are typically positioned \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ to the body and tail of the pancreas. A. anterior and superior B. anterior and inferior C. posterior and superior D. posterior and inferior
C
The superior mesenteric artery and vein are positioned \_\_\_\_\_\_\_ to the neck or body of the pancreas. A. anterior B. posterior C. superior D. inferior
B
The superior mesenteric artery passes directly \_\_\_\_\_\_ to the left renal vein. A. anterior B. posterior C. superior D. inferior
A
The right renal artery passes directly \_\_\_\_\_\_ to the inferior vena cava. A. anterior B. posterior C. medial D. lateral
B
The right testicular artery passes directly \_\_\_\_\_\_ to the inferior vena cava. A. anterior B. posterior C. medial D. lateral
A
The right testicular artery and vein pass directly \_\_\_\_\_\_\_ to the right ureter. A. anterior B. posterior C. medial D. lateral
A
The inferior vena cava is positioned \_\_\_\_\_\_ to the caudate lobe of the liver. A. anterior B. posterior C. medial D. lateral
D
The splenic vein passes \_\_\_\_\_\_ to the stomach. A. anterior B. posterior C. superior D. lateral
B
The left renal vein passes directly \_\_\_\_\_\_ to the abdominal aorta. A. anterior B. posterior C. medial D. lateral
A
The left renal vein passes directly \_\_\_\_\_\_\_ to the superior mesenteric artery. A. anterior B. posterior C. medial D. lateral
B
The gall bladder is positioned \_\_\_\_\_\_\_ to the quadrate lobe of the liver. A. anterior B posterior. C. medial D. lateral
D
The common bile duct passes \_\_\_\_\_\_\_ to the first segment of the duodenum. A. anterior B. posterior C. superior D. inferior
B
The third segment of the duodenum passes \_\_\_\_\_\_ to the abdominal aorta and the inferior vena cava. A. anterior B. posterior C. medial D. lateral
A
The pudendal nerve, and internal pudendal artery and vein all pass \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ to the sacrospinous ligament (or ischial spine). A. superficial B. deep C. medial D. lateral
A
The lumbosacral trunk passes \_\_\_\_\_ to the ala of the sacrum. A. anterior B. posterior C. medial D. lateral
A
The ovary is typically positioned \_\_\_\_\_\_\_ to the uterine tube. A. anterior and superior B. anterior and inferior C. posterior and superior D. posterior and inferior
D
The rectum is positioned \_\_\_\_\_ to the vagina and cervix. A. anterior B. posterior C. lateral (right) D. lateral (left)
B
The ureter passes \_\_\_\_\_\_\_ to the uterine artery. A. superior and anterior B. superior and posterior C. inferior and anterior D. inferior and posterior
D
The urethra is positioned \_\_\_\_\_ to the vagina. A. anterior B. posterior C. lateral (left) D. lateral (right)
A
The uterus (cervix) is positioned \_\_\_\_\_\_ to the bladder. A. anterior B. posterior C. lateral (left) D. lateral (right)
B
The perineal body (central tendon) is positioned \_\_\_\_\_\_ to the vagina. A. anterior B. posterior C. lateral (left) D. lateral (right)
B
The levator ani muscle is positioned \_\_\_\_\_\_ to the obturator internus muscle. A. superior B. inferior C. medial D. lateral
C
The deep dorsal vein of the penis passes \_\_\_\_\_ to the pubic symphysis. A. anterior B. posterior C. superior D. inferior
D
The prostate is positioned \_\_\_\_\_\_ to the bladder. A. anterior B. posterior C. superior D. inferior
D
The bulb of the penis is positioned directly \_\_\_\_\_\_ to the urogenital diaphragm. A. anterior B. posterior C. superior D. inferior
D
The prostate is positioned \_\_\_\_\_\_ to the urogenital diaphragm. A. anterior B. posterior C. superior D. inferior
C
The rectum is positioned \_\_\_\_\_\_ to the prostate. A. anterior B. posterior C. lateral (left) D. lateral (right)
B
The ampulla of the ductus deferens is positioned \_\_\_\_\_ to the bladder. A. superior B. inferior C. anterior D. posterior
D
The ampulla of the ductus deferens is positioned posterior and \_\_\_\_\_\_ to the prostate. A. anterior and superior B. anterior and inferior C. posterior and superior D. posterior and inferior
C
The seminal vesicle is positioned \_\_\_\_\_ to the ampulla of the ductus deferens. A. anterior B. posterior C. medial D. lateral
D
Which of the following changes occurs at birth?
A. Blood pressure in the right atrium becomes significantly higher than in the left atrium
B. Ductus venosus shunts blood from the aorta into the pulmonary trunk
C. Resistance to blood flow into the pulmonary arteries is significantly reduced
D. Right ventricle pumps blood exclusively into the systemic circulation
E. Significant amount of blood regurgitates from the ventricles into atria
C
Pericardioperitoneal canals:
A. allow communication between abdominal and thoracic cavities
B. allow lengthening and looping of the endocardial tubes
C. are located dorsal to the cardiogenic area before embryonic folding
D. are the openings into the omental bursa
E. provide space for the neural tube development
A
Central tendon of the diaphragm derives from the: A. dorsal mesentery. B. pleuroperitoneal membrane. C. proximal midgut. D. septum transversum. E. ventral pancreatic bud.
D
Fusion of the right and left endocardial tubes form:
A. the primitive heart tube.
B. the dorsal aorta.
C. during the 2nd week.
D. caudal to septum transversum in 3rd week.
E. in the septum transversum.
A
In a patient lying supine, ascites (peritoneal fluid) is most often found in the omental bursa due to gravity and fluid moving into this space through the: A. ampulla of Vater. B. cystic duct. C. epiploic foramen (of Winslow). D. lesser peritoneal sac. E. lienorenal ligament.
C
Which of the following first returns to the body from the physiological herniation? A. Cecum B. Cloaca C. Bile duct D. Jejunum E. Pancreas
D
Which of the following is true for transformation of the foregut?
A. Dorsal mesogastrium drapes over the transverse colon
B. Omental bursa forms from elongation of the ventral mesogastrium
C. Pancreas rotates to the right side of the duodenum
D. Splanchnic lateral mesoderm gives rise to the myenteric plexus
E. Stomach rotates to the right and cephalic direction
A
Which of the following is true for the midgut?
A. Appendix arises from it
B. Attached to the dorsal body wall by greater omentum
C. It loops out into the umbilical cord and rotates to the left
D. Main blood supply is from branches of the celiac trunk
E. None of the above
A
Which of the following is true?
A. Accessory pancreatic duct is found in the uncinate process
B. Duodenum is derived from the septum transversum
C. Gall bladder is derived from the midgut diverticulum
D. Liver develops in the dorsal mesentery
E. Ventral pancreatic bud is supplied by branches of the celiac trunk
E
At 5th week of embryonic development, which of the following is functional? A. Pronephros B. Mesonephros C. Metanephros D. Prostate gland E. Allantois
B
Which of the following gives rise to the seminal vesicles? A. Endoderm of the urogenital sinus B. Genital tubercle C. Allantois D. Mesonephric duct E. Labioscrotal folds
D
In the 5th week of development, mesonephric ducts fail to form on both sides of an embryo. Which of the following conditions would you expect to see in the new born? A. Accessory renal arteries B. Bilateral renal agenesis C. Pelvic kidney D. Polycystic kidney disease E. Ambiguous genitalia
B
Labia minora are: A. derived from the urogenital folds. B. homologous to the male scrotum. C. derived from fusion of the caudal paramesonephric ducts. D. homologous to glans penis. E. the remnants of mesonephric ducts.
A
A genetically male embryo has a mutation that renders paramesonephric ducts insensitive to AMH/MIF, which of the following is the likely phenotype of this embryo at the third trimester?
A. Develop female external genitalia
B. Male genital ducts do not develop
C. More susceptible to developing Wilm’s tumor
D. Ovaries instead of testes
E. Uterus develops
E
The ______ is a remnant of the fetal _____, an arterial shunt between the pulmonary trunk and aortic arch .
ligamentum arteriosum, ductus arteriosus
The middle cardiac vein drains into the coronary sinus, whereas the ______ and the venae cordis minimae drain into the right atrium .
anterior cardiac veins
The paranchyma (glandular tissue) of the mammary gland is located within the _______ (layer) of the anterior chest wall overlying the serratus anterior and ______ muscles.
superficial fascia, pectoralis major
The parietal and visceral layers of the pleura are continuous at the ______ of the lung.
root
The left, _______ and ______ lobes of the liver typically receive their primary arterial blood supply from branches of the left hepatic artery.
quadrate, caudate
The ejaculatory duct is formed by the union of the ______ and ______, and drains directly into the prostatic urethra (sinus) .
vas deferens, seminal vesicle
The superior epigastric artery is one of the terminal branches of the ______ artery.
internal thoracic
The ______ lymph nodes are located directly inferior to the carina.
inferior trachiobronchial
The left superior intercostal vein is typically a direct tributary of the _______.
left brachiocephalic vein
The ______ artery, common bile duct and hepatic portal vein are all suspended within the hepatoduodenal ligament.
proper hepatic artery
The ______ (thoracic space) extends from the thoracic inlet to a plane extending from the inferior border of vertebra T4 to the sternal angle.
superior mediastinum
In infants, the _____ (a visceral structure) typically extends into the anterior mediastinum.
thymus
The ______, a lymphatic vessel, begins at the cisterna chyli and empties into the venous system at the junction of the left subclavian and internal jugular veins.
thoracic duct
The ______ duct traverses the diaphragm by passing through the aortic hiatus.
thoracic
The ______ vein is formed by the union of the right ascending lumbar, right lumbar azygos and right subcostal veins
azygos
The uterus typically receives its blood supply from branches of the ______ (female inferior vesicle), ovarian and uterine arteries.
vaginal
In its course through the mediastinum, the ______ is typically constricted anteriorly by the arch of the aorta and the left main bronchus
esophagus
The cardiac plexus, positioned between the bifurcation of the trachea and the arch of the aorta, receives parasympathetic axons from the ______ nerves.
vagus
The posterior interventricular artery is typically a direct branch of the ______.
right coronary artery
The _____ nerves typically traverses the diaphragm by piercing or passing through the crura.
greater splanchnic
In the coronary sulcus, the ______ vein is positioned adjacent to the right coronary artery.
small cardiac
The ______ are irregular columns of muscle in the wall of the right ventricle.
trabeculae carnae
Indirect inguinal hernias are positioned ______ to the inferior epigastric artery.
lateral
The ______ connect the rete testis with the head of the epididymis
efferent ductules
At the superficial ring the floor of the inguinal canal is formed by the ______.
lacunar ligament
The cremaster muscle is innervated by a branch of the _____ nerve.
genitofemoral
The lower portion of the esophagus typically receives its blood supply from branches of the _______ artery.
left gastric
An important portal-systemic (caval) shunt occurs at the distal end of the rectum where tributaries of the superior rectal vein anastomosis with tributaries of the _____ vein.
middle (and inferior) rectal
A hepatic triad includes a branch of the hepatic artery, bile duct and ______.
hepatic portal vein
In fetal life, the ductus venosus shunts placental blood from the umbilical vein to the _______.
inferior vena cava
The ventral mesentery includes the falciform, hepatogastric and ______ ligaments.
hepatoduodenal
The left kidney is typically positioned adjacent to the diaphragm, psoas major, ______ and quadratus lumborum muscles.
transversus abdominis
The tail of the ______ is positioned between the layers of the lienorenal ligament
(a peritoneal fold).
pancreas
The omental foramen is positioned directly posterior to the ______ vein.
hepatic portal
The lateral umbilical ligament is a peritoneal fold surrounding the ________.
inferior epigastric artery
The splenic artery is positioned in part between the layers of the ______ ligament.
lienorenal
The peripheral aspect of the _______ overlying the superior surface of the diaphragm receives its sensory innervation from the intercostal nerves.
pleura
The glans of the penis receives its sensory innervation from the dorsal nerve of the penis, one of the terminal branches of the _______ nerve.
pudendal
The 2nd – 4th segments of the __________ are all retroperitoneal structures.
duodenum
The convex surface of the spleen is in contact with the peritoneum covering the inferior surface of the ________.
diaphragm
The sigmoid arteries are typically branches of the ______ artery.
inferior mesenteric
The bulbospongiosus muscle and the _______ sphinchter both attach in part to the perineal body.
external anal
The lymphatics of the posterior abdominal wall typically drain directly into the
_______ lymph nodes.
retroaortic
The tips of the renal papillae drain urine into the ______ of the kidneys.
minor calyces
The left testicular vein is typically a direct branch of the ______.
left renal vein
The ______ forms the inferior border of the deep space or pouch of the perineum.
perineal membrane
The left inferior suprarenal artery is typically a direct branch of the _______.
left renal artery
The crura of the penis are attached to the _______ of the bony pelvis.
ischiopubic rami
The lymphatics of the testes drain directly into the ________ nodes.
lateral aortic
The external anal sphinchter is innervated by the _________ nerve, a branch of the pudendal nerve.
inferior rectal
The ______ , cremasteric and deferent arteries are all located in part within the spermatic cord.
testicular
The anterior recess of the _______ is positioned between the deep transverse perineus muscle and the pelvic diaphragms.
ischiorectal fossa
Adjacent to the cervix, the uterine artery typically anastomses with branches of the ___________ artery
vaginal
The _______ fascia is continuous with the fascia of the external oblique muscle.
external spermatic
The _______ orifice and the orifices of the ureters are positioned at the angles of the trigone of the bladder.
internal urethral
In the female, the superficial transverse perineus muscle extends from the ischial tuberosity to the _______.
perineal body (central tendon)
During an episiotomy it may be necessary to block multiple nerves because the female perineum receives its sensory innervation from branches of the genitofemoral, ilioinguinal, _______ and posterior femoral cutaneous nerves.
pudendal
The levator ani muscle attaches in part to the tendinous arch, a thickening of the fascia of the _________ muscle.
obturator internus
The sphincter urethrae and __________ muscles are both positioned in the deep perineal space.
deep transverse perineus
functions of the axons: Dorsal root T8
General sensory
functions of the axons: Dorsal root L3
General sensory
functions of the axons: Dorsal Root S1
General sensory
functions of the axons: Ventral root T1
Motor (skeletal muscle)
Preganglionic sympathetic
functions of the axons: Ventral root T8
Motor (skeletal muscle)
Preganglionic sympathetic
functions of the axons: Ventral root L1
Motor (skeletal muscle)
Preganglionic sympathetic
functions of the axons: Ventral root L3
Motor (skeletal muscle)
functions of the axons: Ventral root S3
Motor (skeletal muscle)
Preganglionic parasympathetic
functions of the axons: Dorsal ramus T8
- Motor (skeletal muscle)
- Postganglionic sympathetic
- General sensory (pain, touch, temperature, proprioception)
functions of the axons: Dorsal ramus L3
- Motor (skeletal muscle)
- Postganglionic sympathetic
- General sensory (pain, touch, temperature, proprioception)
functions of the axons: Ventral Ramus T1 (distal to rami comm.)
- Motor (skeletal muscle)
- Postganglionic sympathetic
- General sensory (pain, touch, temperature, proprioception)
functions of the axons: Ventral Ramus L1 (distal to rami comm.)
- Motor (skeletal muscle)
- Postganglionic sympathetic
- General sensory (pain, touch, temperature, proprioception)
functions of the axons: Ventral Ramus S3 (distal to rami comm.)
- Motor (skeletal muscle)
- Postganglionic sympathetic
- General sensory (pain, touch, temperature, proprioception)
- Preganglionic parasympathetic
functions of the axons: Phrenic n. (at the level of the first rib)
- Motor (skeletal muscle)
- Postganglionic sympathetic
- General sensory (pain, touch, temperature, proprioception)
functions of the axons: L. vagus n. (at the level of the first rib)
- Motor (skeletal muscle)
- Postganglionic sympathetic
- General sensory (pain, touch, temperature, proprioception)
- Preganglionic parasympathetic
functions of the axons: L. vagal trunk
- Preganglionic parasympathetic
- General Sensory (pain, touch, temperature, proprioception)
functions of the axons: Lesser splanchnic nerve (superior to the diaphragm)
- Preganglionic sympathetic
- General Sensory (pain, touch, temperature, proprioception)
8th intercostal nerve (at its origin)
- Motor (skeletal muscle)
- Postganglionic sympathetic
- General sensory (pain, touch, temperature, proprioception)
functions of the axons: subcostal nerve (at its origin)
- Motor (skeletal muscle)
- Postganglionic sympathetic
- General sensory (pain, touch, temperature, proprioception)
functions of the axons: genitofemoral nerve (at its origin)
- Motor (skeletal muscle)
- Postganglionic sympathetic
- General sensory (pain, touch, temperature, proprioception)
functions of the axons: pudendal nerve (at its origin)
- Motor (skeletal muscle)
- Postganglionic sympathetic
- General sensory (pain, touch, temperature, proprioception)
- Preganglionic parasympathetic
The ligamentum anteriosum is a remnant of the fetal ductus arteriosus, an arterial shunt between the ______________ and the ________________
pulmonary trunk
aortic arch
The ____________ drains into the coronary sinus, whereas the anterior cardiac veins and vanae cordis minimae drain into the right atrium
middle cardiac vein
The middle cardiac vein drains into the _______________, whereas the anterior cardiac veins and vanae cordis minimae drain into the right atrium
coronary sinus
The paranchyma (glandular tissue) of the mammary gland is located within the superficial fascia of the anterior chest wall overlying the _____________ and ________________ muscles
serratus anterior
pectoralis major
The ________________ and visceral layers of the ____________ are continuous at the root of the lung
parietal, pleura
The left, caudate, and quadrate lobes of the liver typically receive their primary arterial blood supply from branches of the ______________________
left hepatic artery
The ___________________ is formed by the union of the vas deferens and seminal vesicle, and drains directly into the _______________________
ejaculatory duct
prostatic urethra
The ______________ and _______________are the terminal branches of the internal thoracic artery
superior epigastric
musculophrenic
The left (only left) ___________________ is a direct tributary of the left brachiocephalic vein
superior intercostal vein
The right superior intercostal vein is a tributary of the __________________
azygous vein
The proper hepatic artery, common bile duct, and hepatic portal vein are all suspended within the _______________________
hepatoduodenal ligament
The superior mediastinum extends from the _______________ to a plane extending from the inferior border of the vertebra T4 to the _____________.
Thoracic inlet
sternal angle
In infants, the thymus typically extends into the ________________________
anterior mediastinum
The thoracic duct begins at the _______________ and empties into the venous system at the junction of the left subclavian and _________________________veins.
cysternal chyli
left internal jugular
The thoracic duct traverses the diaphragm by passing through the _________________
aortic hiatus
The azygos vein is formed by the union of the_______________, ___________________, and ______________veins
Right Lumbar Azygous
Right subcostal
Right ascending lumbar
The uterus typically receives its blood supply from branches of the vaginal, ____________, and uterine arteries
ovarian
In its course through the mediastinum, the esophagus is constricted anteriorly by the _______________ and _______________
arch of the aorta
left main bronchus
The __________________, positioned between the bifurcation of the trachea and the arch of the aorta, receives parasympathetic axons from the vagus nerves
cardiac plexus
The ____________________ is typically a direct branch of the right coronary artery
posterior interventricular artery
The greater splanchnic nerves typically traverse the diaphragm by piercing or passing through the ____________
crura
In the coronary sulcus, the small cardiac vein is positioned adjacent to the________________________
right coronary artery
The trabeculae carnae are irregular columns of muscle in the walls of the __________________.
ventricles
In contrast, the ______________ muscles are found in the right atrium of the heart
pectinate
____________________ hernias are positioned lateral to the inferior epigastric artery
indirect inguinal
In contrast ________________ hernias are positioned medial to the inferior epigastric artery
direct inguinal
The efferent ductules connect the ________________ with the __________________
head of the epididymus
rete testes
At the superficial ring, the floor of the __________________ is formed by the lacunar ligament
inguinal canal
The ___________________ muscle is innervated by a branch of the genitofemoral nerve…. and is responsible for testicular elevation
cremaster
The lower portion of the ________________ typically receives its blood supply from the branches off of the left gastric artery.
esophagus
An important portal-systemic (caval) shunt occurs at the distal end of the rectum where tributaries of the _________________________ anastomosis with tributaries of the middle (and inferior) rectal vein.
superior rectal vein
The ____________________ includes a branch of the hepatic artery, bile duct, and hepatic portal vein
hepatic triad
In fetal life, the _________________ shunts placental blood from the umbilical vein to the inferior vena cava
ductus venosus
The ventral mesentery includes the ______________, hepatogastric, and hepatoduodenal ligaments
falciform
The ____________ is typically adjacent to the diaphragm, psoas major, transversus abdominis, and quadratus lumborum muscles….and, due to the larger size of the liver on the right side of the body, lies slightly more superior than its right sided counterpart
left kidney
The tail of the pancreas is positioned between the layers of the_____________________
lienorenal ligament
The _________________ is positioned directly posterior to the hepatic portal vein…. and is the passage of communication between the greater and lesser sacs
epiploic (omental) formaen?
The ____________________________ is a peritoneal fold surrounding the inferior epigastric artery
lateral umbilical ligament
The ___________________ artery is positioned, in part, between the layers of the lienorenal ligament.
splenic
The peripheral aspect of the pleura, overlying the superior surface of the diaphragm, receives its sensory innervation from the____________________
intercostal nerves
The glans of the penis receives its sensory innervation from the __________________________, one of the terminal branches of the pudendal nerve
Dorsal nerve of the penis
The 2nd – 4th structures of the duodenum are all _____________________ structures.
retroperitoneal
The convex surface of the ____________ (LUQ structure) is in contact with the peritoneum covering the inferior surface of the diaphragm
Spleen
The _____________, ___________, and _____________ arteries are typically branches of the inferior mesenteric artery
Left Colic
Sigmoid
Superior Rectal
The _____________________ muscle and the external anal sphincter both attach in part to the perineal body
bulbospongiosus
The lymphatics of the ________________________ , typically drain directly into the retroaortic lymph nodes
posterior abdominal wall
The tips of the _____________________ drain urine into the minor calyces of the kidneys
renal papillae
The _______________, segmental, and left suprarenal veins are typically a direct branches of the left renal vein
left gonadal (ovarian/testicular)
The perineal membrane forms the inferior (superficial) border of the ______________________ and the deep boundary of the _____________________
deep perineal pouch (space)
superficial perineal pouch (space)
The left ___________________, and segmental arteries are typically direct branches of the left renal artery
inferior suprarenal
The ____________________and ________________ are attached to the ischiopubic ramus of the bony pelvis.
ischiocavernosus
compressor urethrae
The lymphatics of the kidneys drain directly into the ________________________ nodes
lateral aortic lymph
The ____________________ is innervated (lmn, sensory, postG sym) by the inferior rectal nerve, a branch of the pudendal nerve
external anal sphincter
The testicular, _____________, and ______________ arteries are all located in part within the spermatic cord
cremasteric, deferent
The anterior recess of the ischiorectal fossa is positioned between the ________________ muscle and the pelvic diaphragms
deep transverse perineus
Adjacent to the cervix, the _______________ artery typically anastomoses with branches of the vaginal artery
uterine
The external spermatic fascia is continuous with the fascia of the __________________ muscle
external oblique
The internal urethral orifice and the orifices of the ureters are positioned at the angles of ________________ of the bladder
trigone
In the female, the superficial transverse perineus muscle extends from the ________________ to the perineal body (central tendon)
ischial tuberosity
During an episiotomy, it may be necessary to block multiple nerves because the female perineum receives its sensory innervation from branches of the ________________, _____________, ________________, and _____________ nerves
genitofemoral
ilioinguinal
pudendal
posterior femoral cutaneous
The ______________ attaches in part to the tendinous arch, a thickening of the fascia of the obturator internus muscle…(other attachments include from the pubic symphysis, and ischial spine to midline raphe and anococcygeal ligament)
levator ani muscle
The ___________________ and deep transverse perineus muscles are both positioned in the deep perineal space
sphincter urethrae
The inferior tracheobronchial lymph nodes are located directly inferior to the ___________
carina (of trachea)
