Unit II Practice Exam FITB - varying blanks Flashcards

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1
Q

The __________________ is a remnant of the fetal ductus arteriosus, an arterial shunt between the pulmonary trunk and aortic arch.

A

ligamentum arteriosum

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2
Q

The ligamentum arteriosum is a remnant of the _________________, an arterial shunt between the pulmonary trunk and aortic arch.

A

fetal ductus arteriosus

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3
Q

The ligamentum arteriosum is a remnant of the fetal ductus arteriosus, ____________ between the pulmonary trunk and aortic arch.

A

an arterial shunt

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4
Q

The ligamentum arteriosum is a remnant of the fetal ductus arteriosus, an arterial shunt between the _________________________.

A

pulmonary trunk and aortic arch

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5
Q

The ________________ drains into the coronary sinus, whereas the anterior cardiac veins and the venae cordis minimae drain into the right atrium.

A

middle cardiac vein

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6
Q

The middle cardiac vein drains into the____________, whereas the anterior cardiac veins and the venae cordis minimae drain into the right atrium.

A

coronary sinus

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7
Q

The middle cardiac vein drains into the coronary sinus, whereas the__________________ and the _________________ drain into the right atrium.

A

anterior cardiac veins, venae cordis minimae

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8
Q

The middle cardiac vein drains into the coronary sinus, whereas the anterior cardiac veins and the venae cordis minimae drain into the _________.

A

right atrium

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9
Q

The ________________________ of the mammary gland is located within the superficial fascia (layer) of the anterior chest wall overlying the serratus anterior and pectoralis major muscles.

A

paranchyma (glandular tissue)

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10
Q

The paranchyma (glandular tissue) of the mammary gland is located within the ___________________ of the anterior chest wall overlying the serratus anterior and pectoralis major muscles.

A

superficial fascia (layer)

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11
Q

The paranchyma (glandular tissue) of the mammary gland is located within the superficial fascia (layer) of the anterior chest wall overlying the ______________________________ muscles.

A

serratus anterior and pectoralis major

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12
Q

The ________________ layers of the pleura are continuous at the root of the lung.

A

parietal and visceral

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13
Q

The parietal and visceral layers of the pleura are continuous at the ____________.

A

root of the lung

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14
Q

At the level of the ________________, the descending aorta is positioned posterior to the primary bronchus.

A

hilus of the left lung

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15
Q

At the level of the hilus of the left lung, the _____________ is positioned posterior to the primary bronchus.

A

descending aorta

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16
Q

At the level of the hilus of the left lung, the descending aorta is positioned _______ to the primary bronchus.

A

posterior

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17
Q

The ________________________ of the liver typically receive their primary arterial blood supply from branches of the left hepatic artery.

A

left quadrate and caudate lobes

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18
Q

The left quadrate and caudate lobes of the liver typically receive their primary arterial blood supply from _____________________ artery.

A

branches of the left hepatic

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19
Q

The _____________ is formed by the union of the vas deferens and seminal vesicle, and drains directly into the prostatic urethra (sinus).

A

ejaculatory duct

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20
Q

The ejaculatory duct is formed by the union of the __________________________, and drains directly into the prostatic urethra (sinus).

A

vas deferens and seminal vesicle

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21
Q

The ejaculatory duct is formed by the union of the vas deferens and seminal vesicle, and drains directly into the ___________________.

A

prostatic urethra (sinus)

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22
Q

The _______________ artery is one of the terminal branches of the internal thoracic artery.

A

superior epigastric

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23
Q

The superior epigastric artery is one of the terminal branches of the _____________ artery.

A

internal thoracic

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24
Q

The ____________________ lymph nodes are located directly inferior to the carina.

A

inferior tracheobronchial

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25
Q

The inferior tracheobronchial lymph nodes are located directly inferior to the _____.

A

carina

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26
Q

The inferior tracheobronchial lymph nodes are located directly ______ to the carina.

A

inferior

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27
Q

The ___________________ vein is typically a direct tributary of the left brachiocephalic vein.

A

left superior intercostal

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28
Q

The left superior intercostal vein is typically a direct tributary of the ________________ vein.

A

left brachiocephalic

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29
Q

With ___________ of the diaphragm, the involved side ascends during deep inspiration.

A

hemiparalysis

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30
Q

With hemiparalysis of the diaphragm, the ___________ ascends during deep inspiration.

A

involved side

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31
Q

With hemiparalysis of the diaphragm, the involved side _______ during deep inspiration.

A

ascends

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32
Q

With hemiparalysis of the diaphragm, the involved side ascends during _____________.

A

deep inspiration

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33
Q

During an abdominal examination, the ______ margin of the liver is more readily palpated during deep inspiration.

A

inferior

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34
Q

During an abdominal examination, the inferior margin of the liver is more readily palpated during _____________.

A

deep inspiration

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35
Q

The ___________ artery, common bile duct and hepatic portal vein are all suspended within the hepatoduodenal ligament.

A

proper hepatic

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36
Q

The proper hepatic artery, __________ duct and hepatic portal vein are all suspended within the hepatoduodenal ligament.

A

common bile

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37
Q

The proper hepatic artery, common bile duct and ___________ vein are all suspended within the hepatoduodenal ligament.

A

hepatic portal

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38
Q

The proper hepatic artery, common bile duct and hepatic portal vein are all suspended within the ____________________.

A

hepatoduodenal ligament

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39
Q

The _________________ (thoracic space) extends from the thoracic inlet to a plane extending from the inferior border of vertebra T4 to the sternal angle.

A

superior mediastinum

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40
Q

The superior mediastinum (thoracic space) extends from the __________ to a plane extending from the inferior border of vertebra T4 to the sternal angle.

A

thoracic inlet

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41
Q

The superior mediastinum (thoracic space) extends from the thoracic inlet to a plane extending from the ________________ to the sternal angle.

A

inferior border of vertebra T4

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42
Q

The superior mediastinum (thoracic space) extends from the thoracic inlet to a plane extending from the inferior border of vertebra T4 to the __________.

A

sternal angle

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43
Q

The ______ typically extends into the anterior mediastinum in infants.

A

thymus

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44
Q

The thymus typically extends into the _________________ in infants.

A

anterior mediastinum

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45
Q

The __________ begins at the cisterna chyli and empties into the venous system at the junction of the left subclavian and internal jugular veins.

A

thoracic duct

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46
Q

The thoracic duct begins at the __________ and empties into the venous system at the junction of the left subclavian and internal jugular veins.

A

cisterna chyli

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47
Q

The thoracic duct begins at the cisterna chyli and empties into the venous system at the junction of the ___________________________ veins.

A

left subclavian and internal jugular

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48
Q

The ____________ traverses the diaphragm by passing through the aortic hiatus.

A

thoracic duct

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49
Q

The thoracic duct traverses the diaphragm by passing through the___________.

A

aortic hiatus

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50
Q

The _________ is formed by the union of the right ascending lumbar, right lumbar azygos and right subcostal veins.

A

azygos vein

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51
Q

The azygos vein is formed by the union of the ________, _________, and __________ veins.

A

right ascending lumbar, right lumbar azygos and right subcostal

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52
Q

The _____ typically receives its blood supply from branches of the vaginal (female inferior vesicle), ovarian and uterine arteries.

A

uterus

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53
Q

The uterus typically receives its blood supply from branches of the ________, __________, and __________ arteries.

A

vaginal (female inferior vesicle), ovarian and uterine

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54
Q

In its course through the thorax, the ________ is typically constricted anteriorly by the arch of the aorta and the left main bronchus.

A

esophagus

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55
Q

In its course through the thorax, the esophagus is typically constricted ________ by the arch of the aorta and the left main bronchus.

A

anteriorly

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56
Q

In its course through the thorax, the esophagus is typically constricted anteriorly by the ___________________________________.

A

arch of the aorta and the left main bronchus

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57
Q

The ___________, positioned between the bifurcation of the trachea and the arch of the aorta, receives axons from the cardiac and the vagus nerves.

A

cardiac plexus

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58
Q

The cardiac plexus, positioned between the _______________________, receives axons from the cardiac and the vagus nerves.

A

bifurcation of the trachea and the arch of the aorta

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59
Q

The cardiac plexus, positioned between the bifurcation of the trachea and the arch of the aorta, receives axons from the _______________________.

A

cardiac and the vagus nerves

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60
Q

The ____________________ artery is typically a direct branch of the right coronary artery.

A

posterior interventricular

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61
Q

The posterior interventricular artery is typically a direct branch of the ____________ artery.

A

right coronary

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62
Q

The ___________________ typically traverses the diaphragm by piercing or passing through the crus.

A

greater splanchnic nerve

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63
Q

The greater splanchnic nerve typically traverses the ________ by piercing or passing through the crus.

A

diaphragm

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64
Q

The greater splanchnic nerve typically traverses the diaphragm by piercing or passing through the ___.

A

crus

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65
Q

In the ____________, the small cardiac vein is positioned adjacent to the right coronary artery.

A

coronary sulcus

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66
Q

In the coronary sulcus, the ______________ is positioned adjacent to the right coronary artery.

A

small cardiac vein

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67
Q

In the coronary sulcus, the small cardiac vein is positioned adjacent to the ________________.

A

right coronary artery

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68
Q

The ______________ are irregular columns of muscle in the wall of the right ventricle.

A

trabeculae carnae

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69
Q

The trabeculae carnae are irregular columns of muscle in the wall of the ___________.

A

right ventricle

70
Q

Indirect _____________ are positioned lateral to the inferior epigastric artery.

A

inguinal hernias

71
Q

Indirect inguinal hernias are positioned _____ to the inferior epigastric artery.

A

lateral

72
Q

Indirect inguinal hernias are positioned lateral to the ___________________.

A

inferior epigastric artery

73
Q

The _____________ connect the rete testis with the head of the epididymis.

A

efferent ductules

74
Q

The efferent ductules connect the _______ with _____________________.

A

rete testis, the head of the epididymis

75
Q

At the _____________ the floor of the inguinal canal is formed by the lacunar ligament.

A

superficial ring

76
Q

At the superficial ring the floor of the ____________ is formed by the lacunar ligament.

A

inguinal canal

77
Q

At the superficial ring the floor of the inguinal canal is formed by the ______________.

A

lacunar ligament

78
Q

The ______________ is innervated by a branch of the genitofemoral nerve.

A

cremaster muscle

79
Q

The cremaster muscle is innervated by a branch of the ________________.

A

genitofemoral nerve

80
Q

The _________________________ typically receives its blood supply from branches of the left gastric artery.

A

lower portion of the esophagus

81
Q

The lower portion of the esophagus typically receives its blood supply from ___________________________.

A

branches of the left gastric artery

82
Q

The ________________ is positioned posterior to the lesser sac of the peritoneal cavity.

A

body of the pancreas

83
Q

The body of the pancreas is positioned _______ to the lesser sac of the peritoneal cavity.

A

posterior

84
Q

The body of the pancreas is positioned posterior to the __________________________.

A

lesser sac of the peritoneal cavity

85
Q

An important _______________________ occurs at the distal end of the rectum where tributaries of the superior rectal vein anastomosis with tributaries of the middle and inferior rectal vein.

A

portal-systemic (caval) shunt

86
Q

An important portal-systemic (caval) shunt occurs at the ___________________ where tributaries of the superior rectal vein anastomosis with tributaries of the middle and inferior rectal vein.

A

distal end of the rectum

87
Q

An important portal-systemic (caval) shunt occurs at the distal end of the rectum where tributaries of the________________ anastomosis with tributaries of the middle and inferior rectal vein.

A

superior rectal vein

88
Q

An important portal-systemic (caval) shunt occurs at the distal end of the rectum where tributaries of the superior rectal vein anastomosis with tributaries of the_________________________.

A

middle and inferior rectal vein

89
Q

A __________ includes a branch of the hepatic artery, bile duct and hepatic portal vein.

A

hepatic triad

90
Q

A hepatic triad includes a ______________________, bile duct and hepatic portal vein.

A

branch of the hepatic artery

91
Q

A hepatic triad includes a branch of the hepatic artery, __________, and hepatic portal vein.

A

bile duct

92
Q

A hepatic triad includes a branch of the hepatic artery, bile duct, and _____________.

A

hepatic portal vein

93
Q

In fetal life, _______________ shunts placental blood from the umbilical vein to the inferior vena cava.

A

the ductus venosus

94
Q

In fetal life, the ductus venosus shunts placental blood from the _______________________________.

A

umbilical vein to the inferior vena cava

95
Q

The ______________ includes the falciform, hepatogastric and hepatoduodenal ligaments.

A

ventral mesentery

96
Q

The ventral mesentery includes the _______, _________, and ________ ligaments.

A

falciform, hepatogastric and hepatoduodenal

97
Q

The_________ is typically positioned adjacent to the diaphragm, psoas major, transversus abdominis and quadratus lumborum muscles.

A

left kidney

98
Q

The left kidney is typically positioned adjacent to the ______, _______, ______ and _______ muscles.

A

diaphragm, psoas major, transversus abdominis and quadratus lumborum

99
Q

The tail of the ________ is positioned between the layers of the lienorenal ligament (a peritoneal fold).

A

pancreas

100
Q

The tail of the pancreas is positioned between the layers of the ________________ (a peritoneal fold).

A

lienorenal ligament

101
Q

The ______________ is positioned directly posterior to the hepatic portal vein.

A

omental foramen

102
Q

The omental foramen is positioned directly _______ to the hepatic portal vein.

A

posterior

103
Q

The omental foramen is positioned directly posterior to the _______________.

A

hepatic portal vein

104
Q

The_____________________ is a peritoneal fold surrounding the inferior epigastric artery.

A

lateral umbilical ligament

105
Q

The lateral umbilical ligament is a ____________ surrounding the inferior epigastric artery.

A

peritoneal fold

106
Q

The lateral umbilical ligament is a peritoneal fold surrounding the ____________________.

A

inferior epigastric artery

107
Q

The ___________ is positioned in part between the layers of the lienorenal ligament.

A

splenic artery

108
Q

The splenic artery is positioned in part between the __________________________.

A

layers of the lienorenal ligament

109
Q

The _________________ passes posterior to the duodenum prior to branching into the right gastroepiploic and superior pancreaticoduodenal arteries.

A

gastroduodenal artery

110
Q

The gastroduodenal artery passes _______ to the duodenum prior to branching into the right gastroepiploic and superior pancreaticoduodenal arteries.

A

posterior

111
Q

The gastroduodenal artery passes posterior to the ________ prior to branching into the right gastroepiploic and superior pancreaticoduodenal arteries.

A

duodenum

112
Q

The gastroduodenal artery passes posterior to the duodenum prior to branching into the right ___________ and ____________ arteries.

A

gastroepiploic and superior pancreaticoduodenal

113
Q

The peripheral aspect of the pleura overlying the superior surface of the diaphragm receives its sensory innervation from the_______________.

A

intercostal nerves

114
Q

The _________________________ overlying the superior surface of the diaphragm receives its sensory innervation from the intercostal nerves.

A

peripheral aspect of the pleura

115
Q

The______________ receives its sensory innervation from the dorsal nerve of the penis, one of the terminal branches of the pudendal nerve.

A

glans of the penis

116
Q

The glans of the penis receives its sensory innervation from the ___________________, one of the terminal branches of the pudendal nerve.

A

dorsal nerve of the penis

117
Q

The glans of the penis receives its sensory innervation from the dorsal nerve of the penis, one of the terminal branches of the ____________.

A

pudendal nerve

118
Q

The __________________________ are all retroperitoneal structures.

A

2nd-4th segments of the duodenum

119
Q

The 2nd-4th segments of the duodenum are all ___________________.

A

retroperitoneal structures

120
Q

The inferior vena cava is positioned_______ to the duodenum.

A

posterior

121
Q

The _______________________ is in contact with the peritoneum covering the inferior surface of the diaphragm.

A

convex surface of the spleen

122
Q

The convex surface of the spleen is in contact with the _________________________________ of the diaphragm.

A

peritoneum covering the inferior surface

123
Q

The _____________ are typically branches of the inferior mesenteric artery.

A

sigmoid arteries

124
Q

The sigmoid arteries are typically branches of the _____________________.

A

inferior mesenteric artery

125
Q

The ___________________ and the external anal sphinchter both attach in part to the perineal body.

A

bulbospongiosus muscle

126
Q

The bulbospongiosus muscle and the ___________________ both attach in part to the perineal body.

A

external anal sphinchter

127
Q

The bulbospongiosus muscle and the external anal sphinchter both attach in part to the ___________.

A

perineal body

128
Q

The __________________________________ typically drain directly into the retroaortic lymph nodes.

A

lymphatics of the posterior abdominal wall

129
Q

The lymphatics of the posterior abdominal wall typically drain directly into the ___________________.

A

retroaortic lymph nodes

130
Q

The ___________________ drain urine into the minor calyces of the kidneys.

A

tips of the renal papillae

131
Q

The tips of the renal papillae drain urine into the _______________________.

A

minor calyces of the kidneys

132
Q

The ______________ is typically a direct branch of the left renal vein.

A

left testicular vein

133
Q

The left testicular vein is typically a direct branch of the ___________.

A

left renal vein

134
Q

The ________ typically passes directly anterior (position) to the common iliac vein.

A

left ureter

135
Q

The left ureter typically passes directly ______ (position) to the common iliac vein.

A

anterior

136
Q

The left ureter typically passes directly anterior (position) to the _______________.

A

common iliac vein

137
Q

The _______________ forms the inferior border of the deep space or urogenital diaphragm.

A

perineal membrane

138
Q

The perineal membrane forms the ______ border of the deep space or urogenital diaphragm.

A

inferior

139
Q

The perineal membrane forms the inferior border of the deep space or _________________.

A

urogenital diaphragm

140
Q

The _______________________ is typically a direct branch of the left renal artery.

A

left inferior suprarenal artery

141
Q

The left inferior suprarenal artery is typically a direct branch of the ____________.

A

left renal artery

142
Q

The ______________ are attached to the ischiopubic ramus of the bony pelvis.

A

crura of the penis

143
Q

The crura of the penis are attached to the _____________________________.

A

ischiopubic ramus of the bony pelvis

144
Q

The ___________________ drain directly into the lateral aortic nodes.

A

lymphatics of the testes

145
Q

The lymphatics of the testes drain directly into the ________________.

A

lateral aortic nodes

146
Q

The ___________________ is innervated in part by the inferior rectal nerve, a branch of the pudendal nerve.

A

external anal sphinchter

147
Q

The external anal sphinchter is innervated in part by the ________________, a branch of the pudendal nerve.

A

inferior rectal nerve

148
Q

The external anal sphinchter is innervated in part by the inferior rectal nerve, a branch of the ____________.

A

pudendal nerve

149
Q

The ____________________________ arteries are all located in part within the spermatic cord.

A

testicular, cremasteric and deferent

150
Q

The testicular, cremasteric and deferent arteries are all located in part within the ____________.

A

spermatic cord

151
Q

The _______________________________ is positioned between the urogenital and pelvic diaphragms.

A

anterior recess of the ischiorectal fossa

152
Q

The anterior recess of the ischiorectal fossa is positioned between the ___________________________.

A

urogenital and pelvic diaphragms

153
Q

The _______________ is positioned directly posterior to the posterior fornix of the vagina.

A

rectouterine pouch

154
Q

The rectouterine pouch is positioned directly _______ to the posterior fornix of the vagina.

A

posterior

155
Q

The rectouterine pouch is positioned directly posterior to the posterior ________________.

A

fornix of the vagina

156
Q

Adjacent to the _____, the uterine artery typically anastomoses with branches of the vaginal artery.

A

cervix

157
Q

Adjacent to the cervix, ______________ typically anastomses with branches of the vaginal artery.

A

the uterine artery

158
Q

Adjacent to the cervix, the uterine artery typically anastomses with branches of the ___________.

A

vaginal artery

159
Q

The ____________________ is continuous with the fascia of the external oblique muscle.

A

external spermatic fascia

160
Q

The external spermatic fascia is continuous with the _____________________________.

A

fascia of the external oblique muscle

161
Q

The __________________ and the orifices of the ureters are positioned at the angles of the trigone of the bladder.

A

internal urethral orifice

162
Q

The internal urethral orifice and the _________________ are positioned at the angles of the trigone of the bladder.

A

orifices of the ureters

163
Q

The internal urethral orifice and the orifices of the ureters are positioned at the ____________________________.

A

angles of the trigone of the bladder

164
Q

In the female, the ______________________________ extends from the ischial tuberosity to the perineal body (central tendon).

A

superficial transverse perineus muscle

165
Q

In the female, the superficial transverse perineus muscle extends from the ______________________________ (central tendon).

A

ischial tuberosity to the perineal body

166
Q

The ______________ attaches in part to the tendinous arch, a thickening of the fascia of the obturator internus muscle.

A

levator ani muscle

167
Q

The levator ani muscle attaches in part to the ___________, a thickening of the fascia of the obturator internus muscle.

A

tendinous arch

168
Q

The ______ and __________ muscles are both positioned in the deep perineal space.

A

sphincter urethrae and deep transverse perineus

169
Q

The sphincter urethrae and deep transverse perineus muscles are both positioned in the ________________.

A

deep perineal space

170
Q

During an episiotomy it may be necessary to block multiple nerves because the female perineum receives its sensory innervation from branches of the _________, ___________, _________, and __________ nerves.

A

genitofemoral, ilioinguinal, pudendal and posterior femoral cutaneous

171
Q

During an _________ it may be necessary to block multiple nerves because the female perineum receives its sensory innervation from branches of the genitofemoral, ilioinguinal, pudendal and posterior femoral cutaneous nerves.

A

episiotomy