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ANSCI102(FINAL) > Unit II > Flashcards

Unit II Flashcards

1
Q

it is how you called a normal cell

A

Homeostasis

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2
Q

Lack of appetite

A

Anorexia

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3
Q

Involuntary/Uncontrolled defecation

A

Diarrhea

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4
Q

Difficulty of voiding urine

A

Dysuria

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5
Q

Voiding small amount of urine

A

Oliguria

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5
Q

Lack of urine output

A

Anuria

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6
Q

Excessive amount of urine within 24 hours

A

Polyuria

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7
Q

Interaction between physicochemical and biological factors

A

Ecological interaction

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8
Q

Increase cell production in normal tissue or organ

A

Hyperplasia

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9
Q

Enlargement of cell tissue or organ

A

Hypertrophy

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10
Q

Decrease in size of cell tissue or organ

A

Atrophy

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11
Q

type of mature tissue replaced by another type of mature tissue

A

Metaplasia

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12
Q

Transform cell into an abnormal version of itself

A

Dysplasia

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13
Q

Absence of cell wall unlike any classical bacteria and resemble to large viruses

A

Mycoplasma

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13
Q

A process of programmed cell death

A

Apoptosis

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13
Q

Cell death in the organ tissue due to injury

A

Necrosis

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14
Q

A prokaryotic that can multiply and grow outside the animal cell

A

Bacteria

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15
Q

similar to mycoplasma but only multiply in cell like viruses

A

Rickettsia

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16
Q

Cause the fever in cattle and buffalo

A

Coxiella burnetti

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17
Q

Eukaryotic that has nucleus

A

Protozoa

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18
Q

Eukaryotic, and unicellular(yeast), multicellular(molds)

A

Fungi

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19
Q

Smallest group of microorganism that can only multiply in living cell

A

Virus

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20
Q

Diseases that are caused by the conversion of a normal host glycoprotein called PrPc

A

Prions

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21
Q

Jointed legs and invertebrates

A

Arthropods

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22
Q

Animal that actively manifest the clinical signs of the disease

A

Sick Animal

23
Q

Animal recovering from the corpse of the disease who no longer than show clinical signs

A

Convalescent Animals

24
Q

Contact with the corpse of dead animals or eating its meat

A

Dead Animals

25
Q

Animal that excrete the pathogenic agent without showing the clinical signs of the disease

A

Symptomless carriers

26
Q

8 Routes of Excreting Pathogens from infected Animals

A

Digestive route
Respiratory route
Urinary route
Genital route
Cutaneous route
Oral route
Tears
Blood

27
Q

A susceptible animal becomes exposed when the disease agent directly touches open wounds, mucous membranes, or the skin through blood, saliva, nose to nose contact, rubbing, or biting

A

Direct contact transmission

27
Q

AS droplets are passed through the air from one animal to another

A

Aerosol transmission

28
Q

A subtype of direct contact that includes diseases spread through mating or to the fetus during pregnancy

A

Reproductive transmission

29
Q

An inanimate object carrying a disease agent from one susceptible animal to another

A

Fomite transmission

29
Q

A subtype of fomite transmission in which a vehicle, trailer, or human spreads organic materials to another location

A

Traffic transmission

30
Q

Consuming disease-causing agents in contaminated feed, water, and environmental objects

A

Oral

31
Q

An insect acquires a disease agent from one animal and transmits it to another

A

Vector-borne

32
Q

Diseases that can be transmitted from animals to humans

A

Zoonotic

33
Q

Transmitted at the time of mating

A

Genital infections

34
Q

What are the 5 mechanical barriers of the body as the first line of defense against microorganism

A

Unbroken skin
conjunctiva of the eye
lungs
GIT
Mucus membrane of the genitalia

35
Q

What are the second line of defense against microorganism

A

Phagocytosis
Properdin
Interferon
Enzymes

36
Q

A process where leukocytes (WBC) will engulf the bacteria by releasing lytic enzyme leading to bacterial destruction

A

Phagocytosis

36
Q

A serum protein that destroys a bacteria by lysis

A

Properdin

36
Q

cytokine that acts against viruses as it blocks the reflection of viral on RNA system

A

Interferon

37
Q

It digest obstruction

A

Enzymes

38
Q

Diseases are classified according to;

A

Determinant
Etiology
Infectiousness
Transmissibility
Duration
Occurrence
Manifestations
Results

39
Q

A type of diseases according to Determinant

A

Intrinsic/Endogenous/predisposing factors - no control
Extrinsic/exogenous/acquired cause - has control

40
Q

A type of diseases according to Etiology

A

Indirect/predisposing factors - non-living agents
Direct/Determining Factors - living agents (pathogen)

40
Q

A type of diseases according to Infectiousness

A

Infectious - microorganism
Non-infectious - poor husbandry or nutrition

41
Q

A type of diseases according to Occurrence

A

Sporadic - not widespread found in isolated places
Endemic - spread throughout a district or locality
Epizootic/Epidemic - can widespread and animals are lowly resistant
Enzootic - large portion of animals in geographical area are infected

41
Q

A type of diseases according to Duration

A

Pre-acute - death of very short period of time
Acute - either death or recovery after a brief period
Sub-acute - disease runs for a weeks
Chronic - disease runs for longer period and weakens animal

41
Q

A type of diseases according to Manifestation

A

Clinical Signs - detectable signs of disease
Lesions - visible changes in the size, color, shape of body parts

41
Q

A type of diseases according to Transmissibility

A

Contagious - readily transmitted
Non-contagious - not readily transmitted

42
Q

A type of diseases according to Results

A

Morbidity - number of infected animals but which do not die
Mortality - number of infected animals dying from disease

42
Q

Destruction of microbial pathogens within the body of the animal

A

Chemotherapy

43
Q

Destroying of pathogenic organism present externally or in the premise

A

Disinfections

44
Q

type of disinfections

A

Concurrent - application of disinfectants during the course of disease
Thermal Disinfectant - application id disinfectant after death of animals

45
Q

Methods of destruction of microorganism

A

Heat/autoclaving
fire/flame
chemical
radiation
mechanical methods

45
Q

An antibiotics that can prevent growth and development of bacteria

A

Bacteriostatic

46
Q

An antibiotics that can destroy bacteria by contact

A

Bactericidal

47
Q

Sources of antibiotics

A

Bacteria
Molds
Animals
Plant roots
Cave plants
Special soil from caves

48
Q

Mode of administration of chemotherapeutics

A

Intramuscular Injection - muscle
Intravenous Injection - veins in the neck
Subcutaneous Injection - under the skin
Intramammary Injection - udder
Intranasal Method - Nostril
Intraocular - Eye
Swab method - pricker or needle
Intracloacal or Vent method - mucous of cloaca
Mass Vaccination method - spraying/drinking water

48
Q

Living microorganism which when fed to animals assist in the establishment of an intestinal population which is beneficial to the animal and antagonistic to harmful (pathogenic) microbes.

A

Probiotics

ANSCI102(FINAL) (5 decks)

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