Unit I

Question 1

therefore deals with the
structural and functional changes in cells, tissues, and organs that
underlie disease.

Answer 1

Pathology

Question 2

is concerned with the basic reactions of cells and tissues to injurious stimuli.

Answer 2

General pathology

Question 3

is the application of these basic reactions to the various body systems, or to various specific diseases.

Answer 3

systemic or special pathology

Question 4

is examination of tissue without the help of a microscope.

Answer 4

Macroscopic or gross pathology

Question 5

is examination of tissue with the help of a microscope, and involves the use of stained tissue sections.

Answer 5

Microscopic pathology or histopathology

Question 6

is the study of chemical alterations of the body fluids and tissue that
result from disease.

Answer 6

Chemical pathology

Question 6

is examination of an animal after death to establish a disease, that is, cause of its death.

Answer 6

Postmortem examination

Question 6

Postmortem examination of animals and bird is called ______?

Answer 6

necropsy

Question 7

is examination of tissue removed from the living animal to determine the cause of disease.

Answer 7

Biopsy

Question 8

is the condition in which the individual is in complete harmony with its environment! surroundings.

Answer 8

Health

Question 9

is a change in that condition, as a result the individual suffers from discomfort.

Answer 9

Disease

Question 10

The study of demons or evil spirits is called ____.

Answer 10

demonology

Question 11

was undoubtedly the most outstanding individual in the history of medicine. His impact on medical science was so great he is honoured as the ‘Father of Medicine’. He formulated the ‘Oath of Hippocrates’,

Answer 11

Hippocrates (460-377 B.C.)

Question 12

concerning the practice and ethics of medicine.

Answer 12

‘Oath of Hippocrates’

Question 12

Four humoral theory of disease

Answer 12

blood
phlegm
yellow bile
black bile

Question 12

Greek philosopher, was the originator of modern anatomy and physiology.

Answer 12

Aristotle (384-322 B.C.)

Question 13

Greek physician practicing in Rome, contributed greatly to human physiology and also dissected animals. He is considered as ‘Father of Anatomy’.

Answer 13

Claudius Galen (131-206 A.D.)

Question 13

the correct mixture of fluids

Answer 13

eucrasia

Question 14

the incorrect mixture of fluids

Answer 14

dyscrasia

Question 15

He described the four cardinal signs of inflammation - redness, swelling, heat, and pain.

Answer 15

Cornelius Celsus (30 B.C. - 38 A.D.)

Question 16

A roman veterinarian, who is credited as being the first to write a textbook on veterinary medicine, known as ‘Book of the Veterinary Art’ and he is considered as the ‘Father of Veterinary Medicine’.

Answer 16

Renatus Vegetius (450-500 A.D.

Question 17

Father of pathological anatomy and the founder of pathology

Answer 17

Antonio benivieni

Question 18

Father of modern dissector and write the anatomy of horse

Answer 18

Leonardo da Vinci

Question 19

an Englishman, described the blood vascular system and made the epoch-making discovery of blood circulation, in 1628.

Answer 19

William Harvey

Question 20

, an Italian, extended Harvey’s work and discovered the capillaries and erythrocytes and made masterly microscopic descriptions of the kidney, lungs, and spleen. He discovered Malpighian layer of the skin, and proved that the papillae of tongue are organs of taste.

Answer 20

Marcello Malpighi (1628-1694)

Question 21

invented the microscope

Answer 21

Hans and Zacharias Jannsen

Question 22

He was the first to see protozoa under the microscope, and credited for being the first to show that the microscope had practical importance in the study of tissues,

Answer 22

Antony van Leeuwenhoek (1632-1723)

Question 23

father of histology

Answer 23

Marie Francois Xavier Bichat

Question 23

father of immunology

Answer 23

edward jenner

Question 24

He is best known for his contributions on blood diseases and inflammation, gunshot wounds, and for a monograph ‘venereal disease’.

Answer 24

john hunter

Question 25

‘Father of Cellular Pathology’, or even as ‘Father of Modern Pathology’.

Answer 25

Rudolph Virchow

Question 26

in France. He was one of the originators of the new field of bacteriology and of the theory that bacteria were then cause of some diseases - known as the ‘germ theory of disease’.

Answer 26

Louis Pasteur (1822-1895)

Question 26

are the most recent addition to the class of agents that cause diseases in domestic animals and humans.

Answer 26

‘Prions’

Question 27

he discovered the tubercle bacillus. Further, he established ‘Koch’s postulates’,

Answer 27

Robert Koch (1843-1910),

Question 28

who demonstrated the importance of bacteria in pathology.

Answer 28

Edwin Klebs (1834-1913),

Question 29

lack of blood flow

Answer 29

ischaemia

Question 30

loss of oxygen supply

Answer 30

Hypoxia

Question 31

is the deposition of carbon or coal dust in the lungs.

Answer 31

Anthracosis

Question 32

is deposition of iron in the lungs

Answer 32

Siderosis

Question 33

is the deposition of silicon in the lungs

Answer 33

Silicosis