Unit II

Question 1

It is the outermost layer of Earth.

Answer 1

Crust

Question 2

Involves the breaking down of rocks and minerals found on the surface of the earth.

Answer 2

Weathering

Question 3

Soil, rock, and other surface materials are worn away and transported by natural forces.

Answer 3

Erosion

Question 4

The ductile part of Earth that is approx. 100 km to 700 km. deep from the crust.

Answer 4

Asthenosphere

Question 5

Boundary between the lower crust and the upper mantle.

Answer 5

Mohorovicic Discontinuity

Question 6

Underneath the crust.

Answer 6

Mantle

Question 7

Boundary between the lower mantle and the outer core.

Answer 7

Guttenberg Discontinuity

Question 8

Central part of Earth that has two layers.

Answer 8

Core

Question 9

What are the two layers of the Core?

Answer 9

Outer Core and Inner Core

Question 10

Only liquid layer of Earth.

Answer 10

Outer Core

Question 11

Who discovered the inner layer?

Answer 11

Inge Lehmann

Question 12

Boundary between the outer core and the inner core.

Answer 12

Lehmann Discontinuity

Question 13

Described as any sudden shaking of the ground that often occurs along geologic faults.

Answer 13

Earthquake

Question 14

Where the earthquake begins.

Answer 14

Focus or Hypocenter

Question 15

Point directly above the focus.

Answer 15

Epicenter

Question 16

Fracture found between two blocks of rock on Earth’s crust.

Answer 16

Fault

Question 17

What are the 3 types of Fault?

Answer 17

Normal, Reverse, Strike-Slip

Question 18

The hanging wall moves down.

Answer 18

Normal Fault

Question 19

Hanging wall moves up.

Answer 19

Reverse Fault

Question 20

Motion of the blocks is horizontal or sideways,

Answer 20

Strike-slip

Question 21

Those that move one or more times in the last 10 000 years.

Answer 21

Active faults

Question 22

Those that did not move or have been inactive for millions of years.

Answer 22

Inactive faults

Question 23

Estimate of the relative size or strength of an earthquake.

Answer 23

Magnitude

Question 24

Developed by Charles Richter that was used to measure the magnitude of an earthquake.

Answer 24

Richter Scale

Question 25

Describes the severity of an earthquake.

Answer 25

Intensity

Question 26

What is PEIS?

Answer 26

PHIVOLCS Earthquake Intensity Scale

Question 27

What is PHIVOLCS?

Answer 27

Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology

Question 28

Travels through the surface of Earth.

Answer 28

Surface Waves

Question 29

Penetrate through the layers of earth.

Answer 29

Body Waves

Question 30

Two types of body waves.

Answer 30

P-waves and S-waves

Question 31

What is faster; P waves or S waves?

Answer 31

P waves

Question 32

When sea waves generated through underwater earthquakes reach heights greater than five meters.

Answer 32

Tsunami

Question 33

3 parts of the Typhoon.

Answer 33

Eye, Eye Wall, Rainbands

Question 34

It is the very center of the typhoon.

Answer 34

Eye

Question 35

Part of the typhoon that is composed of tall rings of thunderstorms that produce heavy rains and strong winds.

Answer 35

Eye Wall

Question 36

Clouds that move away from the eye wall spirally.

Answer 36

Rainbands

Question 37

What are the 5 classifications of Tropical Cyclone?

Answer 37

Tropical Depression, Tropical Storm, Severe Tropical Storm, Typhoon, Super Typhoon

Question 38

The boundary nearest to the Philippine Islands.

Answer 38

Philippine Area of Responsibility (PAR)

Question 39

What does TCAD and TCID mean?

Answer 39

Tropical Cyclone Advisory Domain, Tropical Cyclone Information Domain

Question 40

What does PAGASA mean?

Answer 40

Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical, and Astronomical Services Administration

Question 41

Generally rocky and irregularly shaped celestial objects that are formed for over 4.6 billion years ago.

Answer 41

Asteroids

Question 42

What are the classifications of asteroids?

Answer 42

C-type, S-type, and M-type

Question 43

It is located between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter.

Answer 43

Main Belt

Question 44

Asteroids that pass near the earth.

Answer 44

Near-Earth Asteroids

Question 45

Asteroids located near Jupiter Lagrange.

Answer 45

Trojans

Question 46

Also known as dirty snowballs, are made up of frozen gases, rock, and dust that orbit the sun.

Answer 46

Comets

Question 47

What are the parts of Comet?

Answer 47

nucleus, coma, tail

Question 48

Solid and known as the central part of the comet.

Answer 48

Nucleus

Question 49

What word does originate from?

Answer 49

kometes meaning "long-haired star.'

Question 50

Found at the outermost part of the solar system.

Answer 50

Oort Cloud

Question 51

He was named after the Oort Cloud.

Answer 51

Jan Oort

Question 52

Area where most comets are found.

Answer 52

Kuiper Belt

Question 53

Debris that are usually rocky and metallic in nature that orbit the solar system.

Answer 53

Meteoroids

Question 54

When a meteoroid enters Earth's atmosphere and burns up creating a streak of light, it becomes a ___________.

Answer 54

Meteor

Question 55

However, some meteoroids are large enough that they could still reach the surface of Earth. When they do, they are called __________.

Answer 55

Meteorites

Question 56

Pure substance that is made up of only one kind of atom.

Answer 56

Element

Question 57

Combination of two or more elements.

Answer 57

Compound

Question 58

Observable characteristic that describes an object or a substance.

Answer 58

Property

Question 59

May be observed or measured without changing the chemical composition of a substance.

Answer 59

Physical Properties

Question 60

Depend on the amount of matter.

Answer 60

Extensive Properties

Question 61

Observable changes in the appearance or physical property property of matter while it does not change into a new substance.

Answer 61

Physical Changes

Question 62

Involves chemical reactions that result in the formation of new substances or products.

Answer 62

Chemical Change

Question 63

Ability of a substance to undergo chemical changes to become a different kind of matter,

Answer 63

Chemical Property

Question 64

What are the 5 types of matter?

Answer 64

Solid, Liquid, gas, Plasma, Bose-Einstein Condensate

Question 65

Phase of matter that has a definite volume and a distinct shape given a certain temperature.

Answer 65

Solid

Question 66

Phase of matter that has a definite volume, but it takes the shape of its container due to gravity.

Answer 66

Liquid

Question 67

Dependent on its temperature and surrounding pressure.

Answer 67

Gas

Question 68

When gas particles gain energy through heating at very high temperature or when they absorb electrical energy, another phase of matter is formed known as _______.

Answer 68

Plasma

Question 69

Considered to be the exact opposite of plasma. It exists at extremely low temperatures or near absolute zero temperature.

Answer 69

Bose-Einstein Condensate

Question 70

Type of reversible physical change that makes the phase of matter change due to the absorption or the release of heat.

Answer 70

Phase Change

Question 71

Process by which a substance in the solid phase turns into the liquid phase.

Answer 71

Melting

Question 72

A substance in liquid phase may turn into solid by _________ it.

Answer 72

Freezing

Question 73

Process by which a liquid turns into gas.

Answer 73

Vaporization

Question 74

Process by which a gas turns into liquid.

Answer 74

Condensation

Question 75

Process by which a solid turns directly into a gas.

Answer 75

Sublimation

Question 76

Occurs when a gas turns directly into a solid.

Answer 76

Deposition

Question 77

Graphical representation that shows the different changes in the phase of a substance and the conditions of temperature and pressure in wherein each phase would remain as solid, liquid, or gas.

Answer 77

Phase diagram