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Social 20-1 > Unit Four > Flashcards

Unit Four Flashcards

1
Q

What is internationalism?

A

Placing Global concerns before a country’s own national interests; supernationalism

Countries must sacrifice some of their national sovereignty/independence for a policy of internationalism

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2
Q

What is multilateralism?

A

various nations/countries cooperate

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3
Q

What is bilateralism?

A

two states work together

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4
Q

What is unilateralism?

A

State acts alone

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5
Q

What is interventionism?

A

A country interferes knowingly in the affairs of another country

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6
Q

What is isolationism?

A

Nation/country concertrates on its own internal affairs and ignores the rest of the world

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7
Q

What is protectionism?

A

Nation chooses to impose duties (taxes) on imports from other countries to protect domestic industries

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8
Q

What is appeasement?

A

Pacify an aggressive nation to avoid more conflict

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9
Q

What is neutrality?

A

Country decides to not participate in conflict/war

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10
Q

What was Hitler’s foreign policy to fulfil Lebensraum? (living space for Germany)

A
  • unite Germany speaking Austria and Germany under Nazi Control (Anschluss)
  • Bring the eastern Sudeten territory (containing many German speakers) into the German Reich
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11
Q

Primary reasons to attempt to appease Germany?

A
  • Nation states that could stop Hitler still dealing with WWI debts
  • Nation states concerned how they could survive political disaster of taking people to war again
  • world wide depression create internal issues and limited desires of nation states
  • many citizens in other nation states felt the Versailles Treaty was too harsh on Germany
  • after WWI nation states not yet rearmed and was militarily weak
  • stable Germany formed barrier between Communist Russia and the rest of Europe
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12
Q

What was the Munich Accord?

A
  • with the unification of Germany and Austria done, the Sudten territory was next
  • to protect conflict over Sudten with Czechoslovakia and Germany; Britain, France, Italy, Germany sent representatives to Munich (In Germany)
  • signed the munich accord
  • gave Sudten to Germany to avoid war and appease Hitler
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13
Q

What happened in the invasion on Czechslovakia?

A
  • Nazis invaded the rest of Czechslovakia, Hitler announced it “ceased to exist”
  • rest of Europe did nothing
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14
Q

What was the appeasement for?

A
  • they needed to delay conflict
  • after the the invasion on Czechslovakia France and Britain began to prepare for war
  • US still following isolation by Neutrality Acts
  • Britain sought Canada’s help despite the statue of westminister; Canada’s help became guaranteed
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15
Q

What did Switzerland do during the conflict?

A
  • took a stance of neutrality
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16
Q

Why did Switzerland choose neutrality?

A
  • it was surrounded by Germany, its allies, and Nazi territory
  • Swiss itself had over 70% German Heritage
  • its neutrality was beneficial to Germany so it remained safe
17
Q

What did Swiss nationalists believe in?

A
  • they believed in “Spiritual National Defence”
  • this united former opponents within Swiss against a common Enemy; Nazi Germany
18
Q

What did The Swiss Press and BBC do through war?

A
  • they were the only major voices of Nazi opposition
  • broadcasts filled German airways with what the Nazis were really doing to Jews and other “undesireables”
19
Q

What is the Monroe Doctrine?

A
  • US held a policy of insolationism and interventionism out of fear European powers could infringe on its national interests
  • Monroe Doctrine clarified the isolationist view
20
Q

The Monroe Doctrine dictated that the US become involved in other affairs if:

A

1) American interests were attacked
2) people of a nation were repressed and needed assistance in a struggle for independence

21
Q

How did the failing Spanish Empire affect the US?

A
  • Latin American nations became unstable
  • US became involved in Haiti, Cuba, Philippines against Spain (interventionism because of American National Interests)
22
Q

Why did the Spanish American War start and how did it end?

A
  • started after Spain rejected American request for Spain to resolve Cuba’s struggles for independence peacefully
  • US gained control of SPanish colonies
23
Q

What were negotiated conditions that gave the US control of Cuba?

A
  • no Cuban territory could be transferred to any nation than the US
  • US could intervene in any internal issues in Cuba when thought necessary
  • Cuba can’t negotiate treaties with other nations without the US approval
  • Cuba’s economy and foreign policy is controlled by the US
  • Cuba agreed to sell/lease the US “lands needed for coaling or naval stations at certain specified points to be agreed upon”
  • US allowed to keep a naval base in Guantanamo Bay
24
Q

What was the Good Neighbour Policy?

A
  • made to increase American public support for military activities in economic interests
  • worked quietly at controlling Cuba’s government and economic systems without open military presence
  • later shifted due to tensions in Europe and the Depression of the 1930s (the US couldn’t deal with an angry Latin America)
25
Q

What was the Lend-Lease Agreement?

A
  • under terms of this agreement the US provided arms to Britain, USSR (Union of Soviet Socialist Republic), China, France, etc for exchange of military bases in Newfoundland (Not yet Canadian), Bermudas, and British West Indies
  • marked the US moving towards involvement and internationalism
26
Q

What was the Edo Period?

A

A 200 year period of isolation in Japan. This was an attempt by the Shogunate to stop the spread of Christianity and western influence in the country

27
Q

How did the edo period end?

A

Commodore Perry and his black ships sailed to Japan to deliver a letter about the US wanting to trade with Japan. Japan had to accept this deal to avoid the risk of being attacked.

28
Q

Why did Japan modernise/industrialise so fast?

A

It had to or it would become colonized. It had rich military history and couldn’t colonize.

29
Q

How did Japan move towards military action?

A

worked with the German geopolitical advisor to fight with China over Korea. (Previously had to negotiate since it wasn’t ready)

30
Q

What did Japan realize it needed after studying Western nations?

A
  • secure foreign territories for raw materials to fuel its industrialization
  • a strong military to defend itself and control more territory
  • a secure economy to be more self-sufficient
31
Q

Why did Japan attack pearl harbour?

A
  • Britain warned Japan anymore South East Asian expansion would be met by US intervention
  • the only military force capable of stopping Japan was the US pacific fleet based in Pearl Harbour in Hawaii
  • so Japan attacked Pearl Harbour
32
Q

What did Japan believe in that allowed it to attack Pearl Harbour?:

A
  • that the US was a rich country whose people grew lazy and soft, and wouldn’t have the will to fight Japan in a long costly war especially if Japan took the Pacific fleet
  • believed the US would negotiate if they saw japan’s power
  • this was very wrong and Japan suffered
33
Q

What happened in the US after 9/11?

A
  • racial profiling was used as a security measure
  • Arabs and Muslims targeted by law enforcement
  • many snatched off the street and “disappeared”
34
Q

What is the USA patriot Act?

A
  • gave law enforcement agencies power like listening in on telephone conversations, searching private places, email, financial medical records, detaining and deporting suspicious immigrants
35
Q

What did the Anti-Terrorism Act (from after 9/11) give Canadian law enforcement agencies?

A
  • police have far-reaching powers to act on suspected acts of terrorism
  • suspected terrorists can be detained without charge for up to 3 days
  • easier for the police to use electronic surveillance
  • preventative arrests can be made a suspicion of crime that may be committed
  • judges can compel with witness to give evidence during an investigation

Social 20-1 (7 decks)

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