Unit Final - French Revolution and Nationalism Flashcards
Term
Description
Nationalism
A strong feeling of pride in and devotion to one’s country.
Nation
A group of people with a common culture, language, or ethnicity.
Nation-State
A political entity characterized by defined borders and sovereignty.
Nation v. Nation-State
A nation is a cultural identity, while a nation-state is a political entity with sovereignty.
Linguistic Nationalism
Nationalism that emphasizes a common language.
Ethnic/Cultural Nationalism
Nationalism based on shared cultural, ethnic, or racial characteristics.
Religious/Spiritual Nationalism
Nationalism based on shared religious or spiritual beliefs.
Geographic/Relationship to Land understanding of Nationalism
Nationalism that emerges from a group’s connection to a geographic area or land.
Political Nationalism
Nationalism that is driven by political ideologies or agendas.
Civic vs. Ethnic Nationalism
Civic nationalism emphasizes inclusive citizenship, while ethnic nationalism is based on shared heritage.
Myths and nation-building stories
Stories and myths that help build a national identity.
Symbols
Objects, emblems, or images that represent a nation’s identity.
Institutions
Structures of government or society that reinforce nationalism.
Internationalism
The principle of cooperation among nations for the common good.
Ultranationalism
An extreme form of nationalism marked by a belief in the superiority of one’s nation.
Absolute Monarchy
A form of government where the monarch has unlimited power.
Feudalism
A medieval system where lords owned land and vassals worked the land in exchange for protection.
Estate System
The division of French society into three estates: clergy, nobility, and commoners.
Clergy
The body of religious officials within the Christian Church.
Bourgeoisie
The middle class in French society, including merchants and industrialists.
Aristocracy
The noble class in French society.
Enlightenment
A philosophical movement emphasizing reason, individualism, and skepticism of authority.
Hobbes
An Enlightenment thinker who believed in a strong central authority to avoid chaos.
Locke
An Enlightenment philosopher who argued for natural rights and government by consent.
Rousseau
Philosopher who believed in the social contract and general will of the people.
Montesquieu
Philosopher advocating separation of powers within government.
Voltaire
A writer and philosopher known for his advocacy of freedom of speech and religion.
Louis XVI
The last king of France before the French Revolution.
Estates General
A legislative assembly representing the three estates of French society.
Tennis Court Oath
A vow by members of the Third Estate not to disband until a new constitution was established.
Storming of the Bastille
A symbolic event marking the start of the French Revolution on July 14, 1789.
Declaration of the Rights of Man
A fundamental document of the French Revolution guaranteeing basic rights to all citizens.
The Great Fear of 1789
A period of panic and riots by peasants amid rumors of an aristocratic conspiracy.
Women’s March on Versailles
A march by women to Versailles demanding bread and the king’s return to Paris.
Flight to Varennes
Louis XVI’s failed attempt to escape from France during the revolution.
Death of the King
The execution of King Louis XVI by guillotine in 1793.
National Convention
The revolutionary government that abolished the monarchy and established a republic.
Committee of Public Safety
A body formed to oversee the protection of the French Revolution, often through violent means.
Robespierre
Leader of the Committee of Public Safety and a key figure during the Reign of Terror.
