Unit F322 Flashcards
How to make halogenoalkanes
Alkene + halogen-> dihalogenoalkAne
Alkene + hydrogen halide -> halogenoalkAne
How to make alcohols
Alkene+steam (H3PO4 catalyst, hydration)-> alcohol
Ethene+steam (H3PO4 catalyst, 300’C, 60atm)->ethanol
Glucose (fermentation, yeast, 37’C)-> ethanol + CO2
How to make an alkane
AlkEne+H2(Ni catalyst, 150’C)->alkAne
Alkane(isomerisation)->branched alkane
Long chained alkane(cracking, zeolite catalyst)->short alkanes+alkenes
How to make an alkEne
Alcohol(dehydration, elimination, hot concentrated H2SO4, heat)-> alkene+water
Long chained alkane(cracking, zeolite catalyst)->short alkanes+alkenes
Combustion of alcohol
Alcohol+O2-> CO2+H2O
How to make an ester
Ethanoic acid+alcohol(hot conc H2SO4, heat)->ester+H2O
How to make cyclic hydrocarbons
Aliphatic hydrocarbon(reforming)-> cyclic hydrocarbon+H2
How to make a branched alkane
Alkane(isomerisation)-> branched alkane
How to make margerine
Unsaturated veg oil+hydrogen (Ni catalyst, hydrogenation, addition)->margerine
Radicals and ozone
R+O3->RO+O2
RO+O->R+O2
Where R is Cl* from CFC or NOx
Catalytic converter (oxidation catalyst)
2CO+O2->2CO2
Alkane+oxygen->CO2+H2O
Catalytic converter (3-way catalyst)
2NO+2CO->N2+2CO2