Unit F322 Flashcards

0
Q

How to make halogenoalkanes

A

Alkene + halogen-> dihalogenoalkAne

Alkene + hydrogen halide -> halogenoalkAne

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1
Q

How to make alcohols

A

Alkene+steam (H3PO4 catalyst, hydration)-> alcohol
Ethene+steam (H3PO4 catalyst, 300’C, 60atm)->ethanol
Glucose (fermentation, yeast, 37’C)-> ethanol + CO2

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2
Q

How to make an alkane

A

AlkEne+H2(Ni catalyst, 150’C)->alkAne
Alkane(isomerisation)->branched alkane
Long chained alkane(cracking, zeolite catalyst)->short alkanes+alkenes

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3
Q

How to make an alkEne

A

Alcohol(dehydration, elimination, hot concentrated H2SO4, heat)-> alkene+water
Long chained alkane(cracking, zeolite catalyst)->short alkanes+alkenes

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4
Q

Combustion of alcohol

A

Alcohol+O2-> CO2+H2O

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5
Q

How to make an aldehyde

A

Primary alcohol+O->aldehyde+H2O

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6
Q

How to make a carboxylic acid

A

Primary alcohol+2O->carboxylic acid+H2O

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7
Q

How to make a ketone

A

Secondary alcohol+O->ketone+H2O

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8
Q

How to make an ester

A

Ethanoic acid+alcohol(hot conc H2SO4, heat)->ester+H2O

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9
Q

How to make cyclic hydrocarbons

A

Aliphatic hydrocarbon(reforming)-> cyclic hydrocarbon+H2

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10
Q

How to make a branched alkane

A

Alkane(isomerisation)-> branched alkane

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11
Q

How to make margerine

A

Unsaturated veg oil+hydrogen (Ni catalyst, hydrogenation, addition)->margerine

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12
Q

Radicals and ozone

A

R+O3->RO+O2
RO+O->R+O2
Where R is Cl* from CFC or NOx

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13
Q

Catalytic converter (oxidation catalyst)

A

2CO+O2->2CO2

Alkane+oxygen->CO2+H2O

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14
Q

Catalytic converter (3-way catalyst)

A

2NO+2CO->N2+2CO2

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15
Q

Maintainance of ozone

A
O2+UV->2O
O2+O->O3+heat
O3+UV->O2+O
Overall:
O2+OO3
16
Q

Product of alkene+H2 (Ni, 150’C)?

A

Alkane

17
Q

Product of alkene+halogen?

A

Dihalogenoalkane

18
Q

Product of alkene+hydrogen halide?

A

Halogenoalkane

19
Q

Product of alkene+steam (H3PO4)

A

Alcohol

20
Q

Product of alkenes and alkenes (heat?)

A

Polymer

21
Q

Product of glucose (yeast, 37’C fermentation)

A

Ethanol and CO2

22
Q

Product of ethene and steam (H3PO4, 300’C, 60atm)?

A

Ethanol

23
Q

Product of primary alcohol+[O] (Distil, Cr2O7^2- reagent, H+ and heat conditions)

A

Aldehyde and H2O

24
Q

Product of primary alcohol+2[O] (reflux Cr2O7^2- reagent, H+ and heat conditions)

A

Carboxylic acid and H2O

25
Q

Product of Secondary alcohol+O

A

Ketone and H2O

26
Q

Product of carboxylic acid+alcohol (conc hot H2SO4)

A

Ester+H2O

27
Q

Product of alcohol (Conc H2SO4 heat)

A

Alkene and H2O

28
Q

Product of alkane isomeriation

A

Branched alkane

29
Q

Product of aliphatic hydrocarbon reforming

A

Cyclic hydrocarbon + H2

30
Q

Product of long chained alkane cracking (zeolite catalyst)

A

Shorter alkanes and alkenes