Unit C: Outcome 2: Topics 4-6

Question 1

Arhenius Theory Acids

Answer 1

Acids ionize in water to produce hydrogen ions plus an anion

Question 2

Arhenius Theory Bases

Answer 2

Bases are ionic compounds that dissociate into a cation and a hydroxide ion

Question 3

Formula for Arhenius Acid

Answer 3

acid ➡ hydrogen ions + anion

Question 4

Formula for Arhenius Base

Answer 4

base ➡ cation and hydroxide

Question 5

Why do acids ionize?

Answer 5

Ionizes because H+ goes into step to react with the water making H3O+

Question 6

Modified Arrhenius Theory

Answer 6

Acids give up hydrogen ion, Bases take hydrogen ion when in water

Question 7

Modified Arrhenius Theory Acids

Answer 7

Acids are substances that can give up a hydrogen ion in a
reaction with water

Question 8

Modified Arrhenius Theory Bases

Answer 8

Bases are substances that can receive a hydrogen ion in a reaction with water.

Question 9

Properties of Modified Arheinus Acid

Answer 9

-Produce Hydronium ions
-Starts with H or ends with COOH
-Special cases: water can both give up and accept hydrogen
ions

Question 10

Properties of Modified Arhenius Base

Answer 10

-Produce Hydroixde ions
-Formula must be negative to accept H+
-NH3 takes H+, only exception
-Ionic compounds can take negatives when in water

Question 11

Strong Acids

Answer 11

react completely (>99%) with water to produce hydronium ions

Question 12

Weak Acids

Answer 12

reacts incompletely with water to from relatively few hydronium ions

Question 13

True of False: You can have a concentrated weak acid

Answer 13

True, concentration has nothing to do with the strength of an acid.

Question 14

True of False, Dilute Strong acids don’t exist

Answer 14

False, concentration has nothing to do with the strength of an acid.

Question 15

Whats a good example of how concentration and dilute doesn’t interfere with the stregnth of an acid?

Answer 15

HA is a general formula for an acid, where HA is the acid,
H is the hydrogen ion and A is the anion in the acid molecule

Question 16

Strong base

Answer 16

a soluble ionic compound containing OH-

> 99%

Question 17

Weak base

Answer 17

a base which reacts only partially with water to produce hydroxide ions

<50%

Question 18

Example of a strong base

Answer 18

Sodium Hydorixide

Question 19

Example of a weak base?

Answer 19

Carbonate ion

Question 20

Monoprotic acid

Answer 20

an acid that can only react once with water to produce a hydronium ion

Question 21

Polyprotic acid

Answer 21

an acid that can react more than once with water to produce a hydronium ion

Question 22

Example of a monoprotic acid

Answer 22

Hydrochloric acid

Question 23

Example of a polyprotic acid

Answer 23

Phosphoric acid

Question 24

Monoprotic Bases

Answer 24

can react only once with water to produce hydroxide ions

Question 25

Polyprotic bases

Answer 25

can react more than once with water to produce hydroxide ions

Question 26

Example of monoprotic base

Answer 26

Acetate ion

Question 27

Example of polyprotic base

Answer 27

Bicarbonate ion

Question 28

Spectator Ion

Answer 28

an ion that is not involved in a reaction (does not change from reactants to products)

Question 29

Net ionic reaction

Answer 29

– a reaction that only shows the elements/ions that are involved in a reaction (Spectator ions are not shown)

Question 30

Whats the first solubility rule?

Answer 30

All salts of Group IA, and ammonium are soluble.

Question 31

Whats the second solubility rule?

Answer 31

All salts of nitrates, chlorates and acetates are soluble.

Question 32

Whats the third solubility rule?

Answer 32

All salts of halides are soluble except those of silver(I), copper(I), lead(II), and mercury(I).

Question 33

Halides

Answer 33

A halogen atom with a negative charge

Question 34

Example of Halide

Answer 34

Fluoride