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Science > Unit C - Fluids > Flashcards

Unit C - Fluids Flashcards

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1
Q

What is a fluid?

A

Materials that have no fixed shape and are free to flow, such as liquids and gasses.

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2
Q

What is laminar flow?

A

A smooth pattern of flow

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3
Q

What is tubulent flow?

A

An irregular, mixing flow pattern

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4
Q

What is the particle theory of matter?

A

A theory that explains what matter is made of and how it behaves

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5
Q

What are the 5 points of the particle theory of matter?

A

💛 All Matter is made of tiny particles
💚 Particles have empty spaces between them
❤️ Particles are moving randomly all the time
🧡 Particles move faster and spread farther apart when heated
💙 Particles attract each other

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6
Q

What is flow rate?

A

A measure of how quickly fluids move; measured in a volume per unit time. ( for example: mL/s)

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7
Q

What is viscosity?

A

A measure of how easily a fluids particles are able to slide past one another.

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8
Q

How do you calculate flow rate?

A

Volume divided by time

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9
Q

What is cohesion?

A

A measure of how strongly the particles of a fluid attract each other

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10
Q

What is adhesion?

A

The attraction between particles of one substance and the particles of another substance

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11
Q

How does temperature affect viscosity?

A

The hotter the temperature the less viscous it is.

The colder the temperature the more viscous it is.

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12
Q

What is fluid mechanics?

A

The study of fluids and how they behave at rest and when moving

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13
Q

What is fluid dynamics ?

A

The study of how fluids move

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14
Q

What is Aerodynamics?

A

The study of how gasses move

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15
Q

What is Hydrodynamics?

A

The study of how liquids move

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16
Q

What is mass?

A

The amount of matter that makes up an object or substance

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17
Q

What is weight?

A

The force of gravity acting on an object

18
Q

Why would someone’s weight change if they were on the moon vs earth?

A

They weight would change on the moon because there is less gravity acting on the person vs on earth there’s more gravity pushing down on the person increasing their weight.

19
Q

What is volume?

A

The amount of space an object or substance takes up

20
Q

How do you find the volume of a substance?

A

Formula= v=LxWxH

21
Q

What is density?

A

The amount of matter in a certain volume of a substance

22
Q

How do you calculate the density?

A

🌀FORMULA🌀

Density= mass/volume

23
Q

Why does ice float on water?

A

Water is at it’s most dense at 4°; after that, the density decreases. This is why ice floats on water.

24
Q

What is buoyancy?

A

The upward force a fluid exerts on an object. It determines whether an object sinks or floats.

25
Q

What is positive buoyancy?

A

When positive buoyancy occurs the object floats upward

26
Q

What is negative buoyancy?

A

When negative buoyancy occurs the object begins to sink

27
Q

What is neutral buoyancy?

A

Neutral buoyancy occurs when the object ( fish or submarine ) remains in one place, not rising or sinking.

28
Q

What is a swim bladder?

A

A controllable balloon-like chamber that allows fish to alter their buoyancy

29
Q

How does a swim bladder work?

A

🌀The MORE air the more the fish floats

🐬The LESS air the more the fish sinks

30
Q

What is a ballast tank?

A

Compartments in a ship or submarine that take in water to keep the ship stable or help a submarine dive below the surface

31
Q

How does a ballast tank work?

A

🌀the MORE air than water in the tank the more the submarine floats😁
🐬the LESS air than water in the tank the more the the submarine sinks😢

32
Q

What does compress mean?

A

To pack closely together;squeeze

33
Q

What does pneumatics mean?

A

A system that uses gas under pressure. An example is an Air Compresser

34
Q

What does hydraulics mean?

A

A system that uses liquids under pressure. For example a hydraulic press which is used in the forging of metal

35
Q

What is pressure?

A

The amount of force applied to a certain area

36
Q

What is Pascals law?

A

States that a force applied to a fluid is distributed equally through all parts of the fluid

37
Q

What does streamlined mean?

A

A smooth shape designed to decrease resistance to fluid flow

38
Q

What is atmospheric pressure?

A

The force the atmosphere exerts on the unit of surface area.

39
Q

What does characteristic property mean?

A

A property that makes a particular substance distinct from others.

40
Q

What does streamlined mean?

A

A smooth shape designed to decrease resistance to fluid flow

41
Q

What is surface tension?

A

The strong attraction among the particles that form the surface of a liquid

42
Q

What is Compressibility?

A

The ability to be squeezed into a smaller volume

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