Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

chemistry > unit 9 test > Flashcards

unit 9 test Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Periodic Table flashcards Chemistry 101 flashcards AP® Chemistry flashcards Organic Chemistry 101 flashcards
1
Q

solution

A

a homogeneous mixture of 2 or more substances in a single phases

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

solute

A

part of a solution that is being dissolved

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

solvent

A

part of a solution that dissolves the solute

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

saturated solution

A

contains maximum quantity of solute that dissolves at the temperature

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

unsaturated solution

A

contains less than the maximum quantity of solute that dissolves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

supersaturated solution

A

contains more solute than possible to be dissolved (unstable)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

how to know ions in an aqueous solution

A

conducts electricity
dissolved ionic compounds are electrolytes (covalent compounds are not)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

electrolytes

A

conduct electricity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

nonelectrolytes

A

do not conduct electricity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

solvation

A

the process of dissolving a solute into a solvent to form a solution

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

cohesion

A

substance that sticks to itself

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

adhesion

A

substance that sticks to other

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

concentraton

A

the amount of solute dissolved in a given amount of solvent or solution

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

colligative properties changed based on amount of solution…

A

vapor pressure (decreases)
melting/freezing point (decreases)
boiling point (increases)
osmosis is possible

depends on number of solute in solvent, not what kind of solute

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

how to find molarity

A

moles of solute divided by liters of solution

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

how to find percent by mass

A

grams of solute divided by grams of solution times 100

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

dilution equation

A

m1v1 = m2v2

(amount of water added = v2-v1)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

solubility

A

the maximum amount of solute that dissolves in a specific amount of solvent
(depends on temperature)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

solid/liquids for solubility

A

the higher the temperature, the higher the solubility

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

gases for solubility

A

the higher the temperature, the lower the solubility

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

solubility curve

A

shows the dependence of solubility on temperature

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

saturated solution in curve

A

represented through lines

23
Q

solute below the line

A

represents an unsaturated solution

24
Q

solute above the line

A

represents a supersaturated solution

25
Q

henry’s law

A

the solubility of a gas in a liquid is directly related to the pressure of that gas above the liquid
(higher pressures, more gas molecules dissolve in liquid)

26
Q

dilution

A

process of preparing a less concentrated solution from a more concentrated one

(moles of solute stay the same from before and after)

27
Q

acid

A

solution that has an excess of H+ ions

sharp, sour latin word
more H+ ions = more acidic

28
Q

acid properties

A

sour, conducts electricity, corrosive, turns blue litmus paper red, reacts strong with metals and makes H2 gas

29
Q

acid uses

A

acetic acid (vinegar), citric acid (citrus fruit)

30
Q

pH scale

A

a measure of how acidic a solution is

the power of hydrogen

31
Q

a change of 1 pH unit =

A

x10 change (exponential)

32
Q

acid arrhenius

A

completely dissociate, leaving behind a proton which bonds to water molcule

produces H3O+

33
Q

acid bronsted lowry

A

a proton (H) donor

a hydrogen atom that gives away their electron

34
Q

base

A

solution that has excess of OH- ions

alkali
accept hydrogen ions

35
Q

base properties

A

slippery, bitter, corrosive, conducts electricity, don’t react with metals, turn litmus paper blue

36
Q

base uses

A

soaps, cleaning products, blood, ammonia

37
Q

base arrhenius

A

produces OH- ions, completely dissociates

38
Q

base bronsted lowry

A

proton acceptor
accepts hydrogen from other substance

39
Q

lewis acid

A

electron pair acceptor

40
Q

lewis base

A

electron pair donor

41
Q

acids become _____ when accepting electrons

A

become bases

42
Q

acids usually when mixed with H2O produce

A

H+ or H3O+

43
Q

bases usually when mixed with H2O produce

A

OH-

44
Q

dissociation

A

breaking the solute apart into dissolved ions

45
Q

gases are affected by pressure by

A

higher pressure = better solubility

46
Q

-ite

A

-ous acid

47
Q

-ide

A

hydro____ic acid

48
Q

-ate

A

-ic acid

49
Q

solubility

A

how much solute CAN dissolve in a certain amount of solvent

50
Q

concentration

A

how much solute IS dissolved in a certain amount of solvent

51
Q

lewis base usually have

A

lone pair (so they donate to acid)

52
Q

lewis acid usually have

A

none shown (no electrons to donate, so they accept)

53
Q

bases usually have

A

OH, a negative charge in the ion

54
Q

acids usually have

A

an H or positive charge in ion

chemistry (5 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions