Unit 9 Cancer and Non-Infectious Conditions Flashcards
define the term cancer
Cancer: Abnormal growth of cells that can invade nearby tissues and spread to other parts of the body.
define the term malignant
Malignant: Cancerous; describes cells or tumors that can spread and cause harm.
define the term benign
Benign: Non-cancerous; describes cells or tumors that do not spread.
define the term neoplasm
Neoplasm: Abnormal growth of cells, can be benign or malignant.
outline the risk factors, development, prevention, detection, and treatment of breast cancer
- Risk Factors: Gender, family history, hormone use.
- Development: Uncontrolled breast cell growth.
- Prevention: Healthy lifestyle, mammograms.
- Detection: Self-exams, mammograms.
- Treatment: Surgery, radiation, chemotherapy.
outline the risk factors, development, prevention, detection, and treatment of lung cancer
- Risk Factors: Smoking, exposure to air pollution.
- Development: Uncontrolled lung cell growth.
- Prevention: No smoking, reduce exposure.
- Detection: Imaging, biopsy.
- Treatment: Surgery, radiation, targeted therapy.
outline the risk factors, development, prevention, detection, and treatment of colorectal cancer
- Risk Factors: Age, family history, diet.
- Development: Uncontrolled colon/rectum cell growth.
- Prevention: High-fiber diet, regular screenings.
- Detection: Colonoscopy, fecal tests.
- Treatment: Surgery, chemotherapy, radiation.
outline the risk factors, development, prevention, detection, and treatment of prostate cancer
- Risk Factors: Age, family history, ethnicity.
- Development:
Uncontrolled prostate cell growth. - Prevention: Healthy diet, regular check-ups.
- Detection: PSA blood test, digital rectal exam.
- Treatment: Surgery, radiation, hormone therapy.
describe type 2 diabetes
Type 2 diabetes is a chronic condition where the body becomes resistant to insulin or doesn’t produce enough insulin. Insulin regulates blood sugar, and this dysfunction leads to elevated blood sugar levels.
discuss the health implications of type 2 diabetes
Uncontrolled type 2 diabetes can lead to heart disease, stroke, kidney damage, nerve damage, vision problems, and more.
What are the risk factors of type 2 diabetes
- Obesity: Excess weight increases risk.
- Physical Inactivity: Lack of exercise.
- Poor Diet: High in sugar and unhealthy fats.
- Family History: Genetic predisposition.
- Age: More common in older adults.
- Ethnicity: Higher risk in certain ethnic groups.
what are the means of prevention for type 2 diabetes
- Healthy Diet: Balanced meals, controlled portions.
- Regular Exercise: Aim for physical activity.
- Weight Management: Maintain a healthy weight.
- Blood Sugar Monitoring: Regular checks if at risk.
- Avoid Smoking: Reduces risk of complications.
list the characteristics of emphysema
- Characteristics: Lung tissue damage, air sacs lose elasticity.
- Effects: Difficulty exhaling, shortness of breath.
- Causes: Smoking, air pollutants.
list the characteristics of chronic bronchitis
- Characteristics: Inflamed bronchial tubes, excess mucus.
- Effects: Persistent cough, mucus production.
- Causes: Smoking, air pollution.
list the characteristics of asthma
- Characteristics: Airway inflammation, bronchoconstriction.
- Effects: Wheezing, coughing, shortness of breath.
- Triggers: Allergens, pollutants, exercise.
list the characteristics of allergy induced problems
- Characteristics: Overreaction to harmless substances.
- Effects: Sneezing, itching, rash, watery eyes.
- Causes: Pollen, pet dander, dust mites.
list the characteristics of hay fever (Allergic Rhinitis)
- Characteristics: Inflamed nasal passages due to allergens.
- Effects: Sneezing, runny/stuffy nose, itchy eyes.
- Causes: Pollen, mold spores, pet dander.
discuss the risk factors, characteristics, and prevention of arthritis
- Risk Factors: Age, genetics, obesity.
- Characteristics: Joint inflammation, pain, stiffness.
- Prevention: Maintain healthy weight, exercise, joint protection.
discuss the risk factors, characteristics, and prevention of low back pain
- Risk Factors: Poor posture, obesity, muscle strain.
- Characteristics: Pain in lower back area.
- Prevention: Proper lifting techniques, regular exercise, ergonomic workspace.
discuss the risk factors, characteristics, and prevention of Osteoporosis
- Risk Factors: Age, gender (more common in women), low calcium intake.
- Characteristics: Decreased bone density, fragile bones.
- Prevention: Adequate calcium and vitamin D, weight-bearing exercise, no smoking.
discuss the risk factors, characteristics, and prevention of work-related musculoskeletal disorders:
- Risk Factors: Repetitive motions, poor ergonomics, heavy lifting.
- Characteristics: Pain, stiffness, discomfort in muscles or joints.
- Prevention: Ergonomic workspace design, breaks, proper lifting techniques.
describe the characteristics of headaches
- Characteristics: Pain or discomfort in the head or neck.
- Types: Tension, migraine, cluster.
- Causes: Stress, dehydration, certain foods.
- Treatment: Rest, pain relievers, managing triggers.
describe the characteristics of chronic fatigue syndrome:
- Characteristics: Persistent, unexplained fatigue.
- Symptoms: Muscle pain, cognitive difficulties.
- Causes: Unknown, potential viral triggers.
- Treatment: Managing symptoms, rest, pacing activities.
distinguish between a population health and a high risk approach to disease prevention.
- Population Health Approach:
Focuses on improving health of entire populations through policies, education, and interventions that address underlying social determinants.
- High-Risk Approach:
Targets individuals at high risk for a specific disease and provides tailored interventions to prevent or manage that disease.
