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HLST 200 FINAL EXAM > Unit 9 Cancer and Non-Infectious Conditions > Flashcards

Unit 9 Cancer and Non-Infectious Conditions Flashcards

1
Q

define the term cancer

A

Cancer: Abnormal growth of cells that can invade nearby tissues and spread to other parts of the body.

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2
Q

define the term malignant

A

Malignant: Cancerous; describes cells or tumors that can spread and cause harm.

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3
Q

define the term benign

A

Benign: Non-cancerous; describes cells or tumors that do not spread.

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4
Q

define the term neoplasm

A

Neoplasm: Abnormal growth of cells, can be benign or malignant.

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5
Q

outline the risk factors, development, prevention, detection, and treatment of breast cancer

A
  • Risk Factors: Gender, family history, hormone use.
  • Development: Uncontrolled breast cell growth.
  • Prevention: Healthy lifestyle, mammograms.
  • Detection: Self-exams, mammograms.
  • Treatment: Surgery, radiation, chemotherapy.
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6
Q

outline the risk factors, development, prevention, detection, and treatment of lung cancer

A
  • Risk Factors: Smoking, exposure to air pollution.
  • Development: Uncontrolled lung cell growth.
  • Prevention: No smoking, reduce exposure.
  • Detection: Imaging, biopsy.
  • Treatment: Surgery, radiation, targeted therapy.
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7
Q

outline the risk factors, development, prevention, detection, and treatment of colorectal cancer

A
  • Risk Factors: Age, family history, diet.
  • Development: Uncontrolled colon/rectum cell growth.
  • Prevention: High-fiber diet, regular screenings.
  • Detection: Colonoscopy, fecal tests.
  • Treatment: Surgery, chemotherapy, radiation.
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8
Q

outline the risk factors, development, prevention, detection, and treatment of prostate cancer

A
  • Risk Factors: Age, family history, ethnicity.
  • Development:
    Uncontrolled prostate cell growth.
  • Prevention: Healthy diet, regular check-ups.
  • Detection: PSA blood test, digital rectal exam.
  • Treatment: Surgery, radiation, hormone therapy.
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9
Q

describe type 2 diabetes

A

Type 2 diabetes is a chronic condition where the body becomes resistant to insulin or doesn’t produce enough insulin. Insulin regulates blood sugar, and this dysfunction leads to elevated blood sugar levels.

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10
Q

discuss the health implications of type 2 diabetes

A

Uncontrolled type 2 diabetes can lead to heart disease, stroke, kidney damage, nerve damage, vision problems, and more.

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11
Q

What are the risk factors of type 2 diabetes

A
  1. Obesity: Excess weight increases risk.
  2. Physical Inactivity: Lack of exercise.
  3. Poor Diet: High in sugar and unhealthy fats.
  4. Family History: Genetic predisposition.
  5. Age: More common in older adults.
  6. Ethnicity: Higher risk in certain ethnic groups.
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12
Q

what are the means of prevention for type 2 diabetes

A
  1. Healthy Diet: Balanced meals, controlled portions.
  2. Regular Exercise: Aim for physical activity.
  3. Weight Management: Maintain a healthy weight.
  4. Blood Sugar Monitoring: Regular checks if at risk.
  5. Avoid Smoking: Reduces risk of complications.
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13
Q

list the characteristics of emphysema

A
  • Characteristics: Lung tissue damage, air sacs lose elasticity.
  • Effects: Difficulty exhaling, shortness of breath.
  • Causes: Smoking, air pollutants.
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14
Q

list the characteristics of chronic bronchitis

A
  • Characteristics: Inflamed bronchial tubes, excess mucus.
  • Effects: Persistent cough, mucus production.
  • Causes: Smoking, air pollution.
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15
Q

list the characteristics of asthma

A
  • Characteristics: Airway inflammation, bronchoconstriction.
  • Effects: Wheezing, coughing, shortness of breath.
  • Triggers: Allergens, pollutants, exercise.
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16
Q

list the characteristics of allergy induced problems

A
  • Characteristics: Overreaction to harmless substances.
  • Effects: Sneezing, itching, rash, watery eyes.
  • Causes: Pollen, pet dander, dust mites.
17
Q

list the characteristics of hay fever (Allergic Rhinitis)

A
  • Characteristics: Inflamed nasal passages due to allergens.
  • Effects: Sneezing, runny/stuffy nose, itchy eyes.
  • Causes: Pollen, mold spores, pet dander.
18
Q

discuss the risk factors, characteristics, and prevention of arthritis

A
  1. Risk Factors: Age, genetics, obesity.
  2. Characteristics: Joint inflammation, pain, stiffness.
  3. Prevention: Maintain healthy weight, exercise, joint protection.
19
Q

discuss the risk factors, characteristics, and prevention of low back pain

A
  • Risk Factors: Poor posture, obesity, muscle strain.
  • Characteristics: Pain in lower back area.
  • Prevention: Proper lifting techniques, regular exercise, ergonomic workspace.
20
Q

discuss the risk factors, characteristics, and prevention of Osteoporosis

A
  • Risk Factors: Age, gender (more common in women), low calcium intake.
  • Characteristics: Decreased bone density, fragile bones.
  • Prevention: Adequate calcium and vitamin D, weight-bearing exercise, no smoking.
21
Q

discuss the risk factors, characteristics, and prevention of work-related musculoskeletal disorders:

A
  • Risk Factors: Repetitive motions, poor ergonomics, heavy lifting.
  • Characteristics: Pain, stiffness, discomfort in muscles or joints.
  • Prevention: Ergonomic workspace design, breaks, proper lifting techniques.
22
Q

describe the characteristics of headaches

A
  • Characteristics: Pain or discomfort in the head or neck.
  • Types: Tension, migraine, cluster.
  • Causes: Stress, dehydration, certain foods.
  • Treatment: Rest, pain relievers, managing triggers.
23
Q

describe the characteristics of chronic fatigue syndrome:

A
  • Characteristics: Persistent, unexplained fatigue.
  • Symptoms: Muscle pain, cognitive difficulties.
  • Causes: Unknown, potential viral triggers.
  • Treatment: Managing symptoms, rest, pacing activities.
24
Q

distinguish between a population health and a high risk approach to disease prevention.

A
  1. Population Health Approach:

Focuses on improving health of entire populations through policies, education, and interventions that address underlying social determinants.

  1. High-Risk Approach:

Targets individuals at high risk for a specific disease and provides tailored interventions to prevent or manage that disease.

HLST 200 FINAL EXAM (6 decks)

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