Unit 9 Flashcards
what equals a high entropy
a more dispersment of moleucles
what does more molecules mean in terms of entropy
a higher entropy
State the levels of entropy in order for the state of matter
Solid
Liquid
Gas (most entropy)
What are the three degrees of freedom in molecules
translational, vibrational, and rotational
what happens when there are more degrees of freedom
a higher entropy
what is a solution and its abbreviation
a molecule that is mixed with water and known as aq
what is the variable and unit for entropy
S, J/K
what does thermodynamically favorable mean in terms of G
G IS LESS THAN ONE
define thermodynamically favored
the reaction just happens on it’s own with no energy required
When a -H and a +S are evaluated what is the sign of the G value and is it thermodynamically favored
The G is always negative, favored
When a -H and a -S are evaluated what is the G value and is it thermodynamically favored
The G vallue is undetermined. It depends on the temperature. It will be favored if there is a low temperature
When a +H and a +S are evaluated what is the G value and is it thermodynamically favored
The G value is undetermined. It depends on the temperature. it will be favored if there is a high temperature
When a +H and a -S are evaluated what is the G value and is it thermodynamically favored
Not every thermodynamically favored
What is kinetic control
It means that the reaction is favorable but they have extremely high activation energies.
answer:
when G<0 k is
when G=0 k is
when G>0 K is
K is >1
K=1
K <1
what is coupling
a reaction, originally unfavorable, that occurs in multiple steps to produce a thermodynamically favorable reaction
what occurs at the anode
oxidation
what occurs at the cathode
reduction
what is oxidixzation
when an electrons are lost so it’s charge goes up
what is reduction
when an electron is gained so it’s charge goes down
oxidization number rule for group 1 metsls
always +1
oxidixation number rule for group 2 metals
alway 2+
oxidixation number rule for oxygen
-2
oxidixation number rule for hydrogen
+1 except -1 with a metal
oxidixation number rule for flourine
-1
oxidixation number rule for chlorine
-1 except with O or Fwh
what oxidizztion number does a solid have
0
if an element has a higher standard reduction potential what does that mean
it is more likely to be reduced
if an element has a lower standard reduction potential what does that mean
it is jmore likely to be oxidized
if voltage is psitive what is g
negative
which side of a galvanic cell is the cathode
the one the gains mass, where electrons are being flowed to, where it is being reduced
which half reox reaction flips if you need to flip one
the more negative one
to find the E of a cell what do the electrons have to e , if you multiply what happens to the voltage
canceled out voltage stays the same
what two things causes an increase in voltage q
increase in cathode molarity
decrease in anode molarity
what two things causes a decrease in voltage
decrease in cathode molarity
increase in anode molarity
when you add reactions together how do you find the new k
multiply
