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Ap Euro > Unit 9 & 10 > Flashcards

Unit 9 & 10 Flashcards

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AP® European History flashcards
1
Q

Political and Economic factors which existed after Versailles

A

Experimental governments (Czech, Yugoslavia, USSR); European economy collapse; Changing markets and trade with trade barriers and tarrifs

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2
Q

Countries discontent with and demanded a revision of Versailles

A

Germany, France and Yugoslavia (Eastern Baltic States)

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3
Q

Factors which pulled Europe into the Great Depression

A

1929 Stock Market crash; French invasion and occupation of the Ruhr; lack of distribution of goods; Failure of government policies; unemployment

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4
Q

The French Occupation of the Ruhr

A

January 1923, Germany wasn’t paying reparation payments, France invaded the Ruhr valley; German workers used passive resistance; widespread unemployment; Dawes Plan, reduced reparation payments from Germany

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5
Q

The Lausanne Conference

A

Brought the era of reparation payments to an end

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6
Q

Causes and effects of the lack of production and distribution of commodities in the interwar years

A

Started with destruction of agriculture and industry; Less production and distribution of goods; Europe digging itself a hole

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7
Q

British Response to the Great Depression

A

The Labor Party, get jobs for people

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8
Q

French Response to the Great Depression

A

Popular Front Government (liberals, socialists) to institute popular social reforms; 40 hour work weeks, paid vacations

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9
Q

Irish Independence

A

April 1960, Eastern Rising, Nationalist order (sinnfein: ourselves alone); 1919-1922, Irish Independence, Leader of IRA Michael Collins; 1949, Ireland is born

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10
Q

Significance of the USSR in post WWI Europe

A

Single most important development post WWI; 1922 USSR formed by Lenin; 1917-1922, Bolsheviks in power

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11
Q

Causes and Effects of War Communism

A

Took place during the Russian Civil War; Lenin wants complete control; Secret Police, Cheka; Centralize every part of Russian economy

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12
Q

The NEP

A

New Economic Policy; Free market enterprise outside commending heights; transportation, military, big industry

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13
Q

Facts about the Third International

A

The Comintern; Bolsheviks were to united communists outside of USSR; 21 conditions, make the state purely communist; Ultimately divided communist states more than uniting them

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14
Q

Facts about power struggle between Trotsky and Stalin

A

Trotsky: Communism to spread, true marxism, rapid industry
Stalin: NEP, slow industrial, national communism; Stalin wins

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15
Q

Facts about the 5 Year Plans

A

Out produce capitalist countries; Consumer goods weren’t met or produced enough; Creation of pure industrial cities; Focused on capital goods

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16
Q

Facts about Collectivization of Agriculture

A

Make production of agricultural goods more effective; government replaced forms of Kulaks with state run collective farms

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17
Q

Facts about the Nazis

A

Socialism, Extreme nationalism, everything for the good of the nation

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18
Q

Similarities between Mussolini and Hitler

A

Both came to power legally; Both Fascist; Opportunists; very Machiavellian; very right wing; conservative; anti-Semites; Black and Brown shirts

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19
Q

Mein Kampf

A

Hitler wrote it in prison in 1925; how to make Germany powerful again; outlined his future plans for Germany

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20
Q

Impact of Gustav Stressemann

A

Restored public confidence in the economy, implemented a new currency, got USA to implement the Dawes Plan

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21
Q

The Locarno Agreements

A

Spirit of Locarno or optimism until the Great Depression

22
Q

How the Nazi’s came to power within the Reichstag

A

Great Depression and unemployment

23
Q

How Hitler became the Chancellor

A

Hindenburg appointed him; Mistakes in earlier chancellors appointed; Supported by middle class

24
Q

Ways in which Hitler consolidated power

A

Reichstag Fire let him rule by decree; The Night of the Long Knives; The Enabling Acts, suspended all civil liberties

25
Q

Phases of Nazi Anti-Semitism

A

1- Exclusion 2- Racial Legislation 3- The Final Solution (Extermination)

26
Q

The roles of women in Nazi Germany

A

Make babies and teach children to be loyal to the state; be consumer of German goods; only Aryans could have babies, and low skill jobs

27
Q

Facts about the Nazi Economic Policy

A

Strength through joy, give entire efforts to the state, then after that, have months off of work for leisure time

28
Q

Factors/Events which led to WWII

A

WWI, Treaty of Versailles, Great Depression, Hitler and the Nazis

29
Q

Examples of how the League of Nations failed

A

Manchurian Crisis, 1935 German rearmament, Italy invasion of Ethiopia, German invasion of the Rhineland

30
Q

Results of Italy’s attacks on Ethiopia

A

League of Nations implemented economic sanctions, led to Italy and Germany uniting; discredited League of Nation

31
Q

Consequences of Germany’s invasion of the Rhineland

A

League of Nations appeasment

32
Q

Facts about the Spanish Civil War

A

Supported by Hitler and Mussolini, Francisco Franco led it, very fascist, fascists win the war, test run for Germany army

33
Q

German aggression of Austria and Czechoslovakia

A

Hitler wanted both as Lebensraum; made Treaty of Versailles a dead letter

34
Q

The Munich Conference

A

Hitler said he didn’t want any more territory; British Prime Minister says Peace with Honor (lol)

35
Q

Facts about Germany’s conquest of Europe through 1941

A

Poland, Phony War, Norway, Denmark, Belgium, Luxembourg, France, gets stopped at Britain

36
Q

The Lend-Lease Act

A

USA would get to use Britain colonies and gave Britain industrial products

37
Q

The Battle of Britain

A

Operation Sea Lion, London Blitz, 57 nights of bombing, RAF defends London, Germany gives up and moves to Russia, Britain wins

38
Q

Operation Barbarosa

A

Delayed by Italy, pushed the battle into winter time, Germany invades Russia, doesn’t succeed because of Russia’s harsh winter

39
Q

Factors that drew US into WWII

A

Bombing of Pearl Harbor on Dec. 7, 1941

40
Q

The North African Campaign

A

Rommel defeated, major allied victory

41
Q

The Italian Campaign

A

Operation Torch, opens the Southern Front; Germany is forced to divert troops, Mussolini gets exiled and murdered; the soft underbelly

42
Q

The Battle of Stalingrad

A

1 million Russians die, but still win, bent but didn’t break

43
Q

Strategic Bombing

A

Precision Bombing: USA preferred

Area Bombing: Britain preferred

44
Q

D-Day

A

June 6, 1944: largest amphibious assault, Normandy, France, Allied victory, France is liberated

45
Q

The Costs of WWII

A

lots of damage to infrastructure, 40 million casualties

46
Q

Jew casualties

A

6 million died, 90% of Polish Jews killed, widespread support from Germans caused by Propoganda

47
Q

Domestic fronts in Britain, France, Germany, and the USSr

A

Germany: Total War; France: Free France and Vichy France;
Britain: Total War; USSR: Great Patriotic War

48
Q

Political movements that shaped the global community since WWI

A

Communism and the Cold War; decolonization

49
Q

The Iron Curtain

A

Churchill said it separated East and Communism from West and Democracy

50
Q

Stalinist policies imposed on Eastern European states

A

Single party rule, collectivization, military is cooperate with Soviet Military, schools had to be under Soviet rule

51
Q

Post war division of Germany

A

West had better conditions, USSR created the Berlin wall to separate it

52
Q

NATO and the Warsaw Pact

A

NATO was Western alliance

Warsaw was communist state alliance

Ap Euro (2 decks)

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