Unit 8: Section 3 - Peace and Conflict Flashcards
What are the causes of war?
Self defense Economics/Natural resources Protecting people from persecution and exploitation Fear Racial or Ethnic hatred
Why did the war occur in Sudan?
Economic/environmental - food + water shortages = people moved to the South - others were struggling to survive
Ethnic hatred - long standing hatred over religious + ethnic issues
National pride
What does the United Nations do?
Uses conflict resolution and reconciliation
Basic aim is to achieve world peace
1 - Negotiation
2 - Sanctions
3 - Peacekeeping forces
4 - Success/Failure?`
What are some Christian organisations working for peace?
World Council or Churches
Pax Christie
What are some Islamic organisations working for peace?
Islamic Relief
The Muslim Peace Fellowship
What do the peace organisations do?
Teach forgiveness
Encourage reconciliation and non-violence
Hold peace vigils
What is the Just War theory?
A just war is one fought for the right reasons and in the right ways, and so can be justified.
When is a war just?
No innocent civilians will be killed
It is fought wit the aim of bringing peace
The cause of the war is just - resisting aggression or injustice
Methods used are fair and reasonable
It is a last resort after negotiations + non-violent methods have failed
What are the issues with a just war?
Both sides may claim their cause is ‘just’
It has been manipulated by leaders to justify their actions and claim that they have fought in the name of God
Why do some Christians follow the Just War Theory?
Jesus taught obedience should be shown to government
Situations where war is the lesser of evils
Right to have armed forces protect citizens
Why do some Christians not follow the Just War Theory?
Follow Pacifism
Ten Commandments = forbid killing
Jesus taught that people should ‘love their enemies’
What are some circumstances where Muslims allow the use of violence?
If fought for a just cause
As a last resort
Minimum amount of suffering caused
Innocent civilians are not attacked
Why are some Muslims against the Just War Theory?
Non-violence is the only way to achieve peace
Violence only leads to more violence
Peace and reconciliation is at the heart of Islam
Definition of aggression
attacking without being provoked
Definition of Bullying
intimidating/frightening people weaker than you
Definition of just war
a war which is fought for the right reasons in the right way
Definition of pacifism
the belief that all disputes should be settled by peaceful means
Definition of the United Nations
international body set up to promote world peace and cooperation
Definition of world peace
the ending of war throughout the world
Definition of weapons of mass destruction
weapons that can destroy large areas and numbers of people
Why are all Christians against bullying?
Violence without a cause is against Christian teachings
Jesus taught that you should ‘Love thy neighbour’ + treat others as you would like to be treated = golden rule
God will judge others how they have lived
St Pau - duty to actively care or others
Why are all Muslims against bullying?
Islam teaches aggression or violence without a cause is wrong
Judged on the last day on how they have lived
Every person was created by God = wrong to abuse any part of his creation
What are causes of conflict in religious families?
Social behaviour - drinking, socialising with members of the opposite sex
Moral issues - abortion , cohabitation
Jobs and careers - conflict with beliefs
Choice of partner - different faith
Raising children
Definition of exploitation
taking advantage of a weaker group
Definition of forgiveness
stopping blaming someone for what they have done wrong
Definition of reconciliation
bringing together people who were oppose each other
Definition of conflict resolution
bringing a fight or struggle to a peaceful end
Definition of respect
Treating a person or their feelings with consideration
What are Christian teachings on forgiveness and reconciliation?
Bible - forgive those who you have fought with
Some - with the love of God everything is forgivable
Some - if there was a definite bible teaching on the moral or religious issue = no reconciliation
What are Islamic teachings on forgiveness and reconciliation?
Qur’an teaches forgiveness and reconciliation are important
On the Day of Judgement it is believed Allah will show mercy and forgiveness to those who have doe the same to others
What are some unforgivable actions in Islam?
Working against Islam
Freely denying Muslims principles
Images of the Prophet Muhammad
