Unit 8: Renewable Resources: Ch.18 Flashcards
What is a SOURCE function
PROVISION of materials for human use
What is a SINK function
ABSORPTION of waste products from human activity
What is an Open Access Resource
Unrestricted/ Unregulated Access
What are ECONOMIC Principles of Resource Management
Maximize Profit
Production Efficiency
Efficient intertemporal resource allocation
Ecological Principles of Resource Systems
-Harvest/ Withdrawal rates should not exceed amt that is regenerated by natural processes
-Maximum Sustainable Yield
What is Population Biology
Study of how the population of a species changes as a result of environmental conditions
-S shape tending towards upper limit
What is Critical Minimum for Population
Population must stay above this to avoid extinction
What is Carrying Capacity
Supply of food and life support naturally available
What is the ECONOMIC OPTIMUM
Maximizes Economic Criteria-Efficiency/Profits
MR=MC
What is the relationship b/w Total Costs & Total Revenues in OPEN ACCESS EQUILIBRIUM
Total Costs = Total Revenues
Profits are 0
What are the 3 Categories of Fisheries
-Underfished
-Maximally Sustainable Fished-Harvest Levels near MSY
-Overfished
What is Open Access Equilibrium
Level use of an open-access resource that results from a market with unrestricted entry
-may lead to depletion of the resource
What are some recommendations for Sustainable Fisheries Mgmt
-Removal of open access condition
-Institute secure marine tenure/property rights
-Remove Subsidies
-Invest in Science/ Infrastructure/ Human capital
What are some policies to manage sustainable fisheries
Exclusive Economic Zones
Individual Transferable Quotas
What are EXCLUSIVE ECONOMIC ZONES
Countries limit access to fisheries
200 miles from coastline
What is Market Failure
Unregulated Market
Fails to produce outcome that is beneficial to society as whole
What are INDIVIDUAL TRANSFERABLE QUOTAS
Max limit on quantity of fish that can be taken
Catch & Sell Fish
OR
Sell Permit
What is the CONVENTION ON HIGHLY MIGRATORY AND STRADDLING STOCKS
-follows precautionary principle
-control access before problems occur
-limit catch rate
-data/reporting systems
-minimize bycatch
What is Ecolabeling
Identifies products produced in a sustainable manner
What are the Environmental concerns of Aquaculture
Monoculture of fish
Contamination of water
Disease spread to wild
Degrade wild gene pool
Farms can take place of natural ecosystems
What standards has the Aquaculture Stewardship Council proposed
-limited antibiotics
-reduce pollution
-prevent destruction of habitats
-keep waters clean
-human rights
How is sustainability achieved with fisheries
Consistency with Natural Carrying Capacity
2 Factors of Economic Optimal Equilibrium
1) Maximizes Net Social Benefit
2) Ecologically Stable
2 Things to maintain Sustainable Yield
Fishing Licenses
Quotas
