Unit 8: Complications of Adolescents Flashcards
This are infections or infectious disease syndromes transmitted primarily by sexual contact?
Sexually transmitted infections (STIs)
It is considered as primary prevention. It is the most effective way of reducing adverse consequences of STIs for adolescents.
Preventing Infection
It is the secondary prevention which can prevent personal complications and transmission to others.
Prompt diagnosis and treatment of current infections
These are immunologic deficiency disorders that are considered as syndromes wherein the body is unable to mount an immune response?
AIDS, SCID and Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome
The immune response can also be misdirected. In autoimmune disorders, ______, ______ and ______ attack healthy cells.
antibodies, macrophages and lymphocytes
True or False.
Research has led to early diagnosis and improved medical treatments for HIV infection, changing this disease from a rapidly fatal one to a chronic disease.
TRUE
This happens when virus invade the immune system.
HIV
AIDS. Diagnosed when ______ cell count is less than _____ or when the patient has an _______ (e.g. serious infection, cancer).
CD4 T, 200, AIDS-defining complication
The first AIDS cases in the pediatric population in the United States were identified in?
children born to HIV-infected mothers and in children who received blood products
More than _____ % of these children acquired the disease perinatally from their mothers.
90
HIV is a _______ that is transmitted by _______ and ______.
retrovirus, lymphocytes and monocytes
This uses RNA as their genetic material. The cell converts this RNA into DNA, which is then inserted into the DNA of the host cells. This leads to the production of more of it that would infect other cells.
Retroviruses
Retroviruses can be found in the?
blood, semen , vaginal secretions and breast milk
What is the incubation or latency period of retroviruses?
months to years
This type of transmission of HIV occurs through intimate sexual contact.
Horizontal transmission
This type of transmission occurs when HIV infected pregnant women pass it to her infant.
Parenteral or vertical transmission
The count eventually reaches a critical level which there is a substantial risk for _____, followed by ______.
opportunistic illness, death
What are the common defining conditions for _______?
- __________ carinii pneumonia (PCP)
- __________ interstitial pneumonitis (LIP)
- recurrent ________ infections
- _________ syndrome
- _________ esophagitis
- HIV _________
- _________ disease
- Mycobacterium __________ complex infection
- Pulmonary _________
- Herpes _________ disease
- AIDS
- Pneumocystis
- Lymphoid
- bacterial
- wasting
- Candidal
- Encephalopathy
- Cytomegalovirus
- avium-intracellular
- candidiasis
- simplex
What are the common manifestation of immunodeficiency virus infection in Children?
- Lymphadenopathy
- Hepatosplenomegaly
- Oral Candidiasis
- Chronic or recurrent diarrhea
- failure to thrive
- developmental delay
- Parotitis
What are the common or defining conditions for acquired immune deficiency syndrome in children?
- Pneumocystis Carinii Pneumonia
- Lymphoid interstitial Pneumonitis
- Recurrent bacterial infection
- Wasting Syndrome
- Candidal Esophagitis
- HIV encephalopathy
- Cytomegalovirus Disease
- Mycobacterium avium-intracellular complex infection
- Pulmonary Candidiasis
- Herpes Simplex Disease
For children 18 months of age and older the HIV ______ and ______ are performed to determine HIV infections in infants born to HIV infected mothers.
enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and Western Blot immunoassay
Most commonly the _____ is used for detection of Proviral DNA.
Polymerase Chain Reaction
A controlled-center study tested _______ as a novel technology that is ideal for early infant diagnosis of HIV-1.
Recombinase Polymerase Amplification.
Recombinase Polymerase Amplification has two main functions which are?
- Combination tests that detect both HIV antigen and antibody
- Tests that accurately differentiate HIV-1 from HIV-2 antibodies
