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Biology > Unit 8- cell cycle and mitosis > Flashcards

Unit 8- cell cycle and mitosis Flashcards

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1
Q

longest stage of the cell cycle

A

interphase

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2
Q

3 parts of interphase

A

G1, S, G2 phase

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3
Q

what happens in mitosis

A

the cell’s nucleus divides

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4
Q

4 parts of mitosis

A

prohase, metaphase, anatphase, telophase

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5
Q

what happens in G1

A

cellular content is duplicated

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6
Q

what happens in S

A

46 chromosomes are duplicated (23 pairs)

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7
Q

what happens in G2

A

double checks chromosomes for error

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8
Q

what is chromatin

A

in interphase which is a long, stringy tangle of DNA

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9
Q

what happens to the DNA when it enters prophase

A

it condenses and coils up to form chromosomes

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10
Q

which phase are spindle fibers forming

A

prophase

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11
Q

what is a centromere

A

a connection where 2 copies of DNA attach to eachother

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12
Q

what are sister chromatids

A

2 copies of chromosomes

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13
Q

what is generally happening in mitosis (division of___)

A

division of nucleus

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14
Q

what is generally happening in cytokinesis (division of ____)

A

division of cytoplasm

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15
Q

in what phase do chromosomes sperate

A

anaphase

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16
Q

when do spindle fibers disappear

A

telophase

17
Q

the process a cell goes through each time it divides.

A

cell cylce

18
Q

cylindrical organelle that is near the nucleus in animal cells, in pairs, involved in the development of spindle fibers in cell division.

A

Centriole

19
Q

the process following the division of the nucleus, the cytoplasm and plasma membrane are divided, resulting in two cells

A

Cytokinesis

20
Q

Either of the two cells formed when a cell undergoes cell division by mitosis

A

Daughter cell

21
Q

A cell that is the source of other cells, as a cell that divides to produce two or more daughter cells.

A

Parent cell

22
Q

the process of the division of the nucleus in eukaryotic cells (body cells only). Usually includes four stages: prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase.

A

Mitosis

23
Q

1st and longest phase of mitosis. Genetic material condenses to form chromosomes.

A

Prophase

24
Q

Phase of mitosis in which chromosomes move to the center of the cell and line up along the equator. Spindle fibers link the chromatids of each chromosome to opposite poles.

A

Metaphase

25
Q

the chromosomes move away from one another to opposite poles of the spindle.

A

Anaphase

26
Q

The last in the cell cycle Chromosomes separate pole to new nuclear membranes for spindle disassembles.

A

Telophase

27
Q

stands for prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase.

A

PMAT

28
Q

The first growth phase of the cell cycle, consisting of the portion of interphase before DNA synthesis begins. The cell prepares for division and copies organelles.

A

G1 phase

29
Q

ensures that any errors in the chromosomes are repaired and that the cell is ready to proceed before it moves on to the next phase in the cycle.

A

G2 phase

30
Q

substage of interphase in which the cell copies its DNA in preparation for cell division.

A

S phase

31
Q

cell is neither dividing nor preparing to divide, or a distinct quiescent stage that occurs outside of the cell cycle.

A

G0 phase

32
Q

This is when the cell grows and copies its DNA

A

Interphase

33
Q

a protein structure that divides the genetic material in a cell.is necessary to equally divide the chromosomes in a parental cell into two daughter cells during both types of nuclear division

A

Spindle fibers

34
Q

formed by replication of a chromosome during the S phase of the cell cycle, are joined by a centromere, and segregate into separate daughter cells during anaphase.

A

Sister chromatid

35
Q

the point on a chromosome by which it is attached to a spindle fiber during cell division. chromatid. each of the two threadlike strands into which a chromosome divides longitudinally during cell division.

A

Centromere

36
Q

programmed cell death that follows a sequence of controlled step that lead to self-destruction.

A

Apoptosis

Biology (3 decks)

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