Unit 8. Axial Muscles

Question 1

True or False: The axial muscle have both their origins and insertion on parts of the axial skeleton.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

What are the actions actions of Axial Muscles?

Answer 2

1) Support and Move the head and spinal column
2) Function in nonverbal communication by affecting facial features
3) Move the lower jaw during chewing, assist in food processing, and help in swallowing.
4) Aid the breaking process
5) Support and protect the abdominal and pelvic organs

Question 3

Stabilizing and moving the pectoral and pelvic girdles, and Moving the Limbs are action of what muscles?

Answer 3

Appendicular Muscles

Question 4

What does the Epicranius consist of?

Answer 4

Occipitofrontalis muscles, Galea aponeurotic.

Question 5

In the epicranius the Occipitofrontalis muscles part consist of what two things?

Answer 5

Frontal Belly (which overlays the frontal bone and occipital belly)

Question 6

What is the action of the Frontal Belly of occipitofrontalis?

Answer 6

Action: moves the scalp, wrinkles forehead, and elevates the eyebrows

Question 7

What is action of the occipital belly of occipitofrontalis?

Answer 7

Move the scalp slightly posteriorly (backwards)

Question 8

What consist of muscle fivers that encircle the opening of the mouth?

Answer 8

Obicularis Oris

Question 9

What is the action of the Obicularis Oris?

Answer 9

To pucker up the lips

Question 10

What muscle is anterolateral portion of the neck and visually bulges to show broad sheets of thin muscles.

Answer 10

Platysma

Question 11

What is the action of the Platysma?

Answer 11

Pulls lower lip inferiorly, tenses skin of neck, and contributes to depression of the mandible.

Question 12

What muscles is located between the maxillae and the mandible and composes much of the fleshy was of the cheeks?

Answer 12

Buccinator

Question 13

What is the action of the Buccinator?

Answer 13

Compresses check, holds food between teeth drumming chewing, aids in sucking and blowing.

Question 14

What term refers to the process of chewing and is accomplished by muscles that move the mandible at the Temporomandibular joint?

Answer 14

Mastication

Question 15

What are the origins, insertions and actions of the Temporalis?

Answer 15

1) Origin = superior and inferior portions of temporal bone
2) Insertion = coronoid process of mandible
3) Action = elevates and retracts mandible

Question 16

What is the origin, insertion and actin of the Masseter?

Answer 16

1) Origin = zygomatic arch
2) Insertion = lateral surface of coronoid process; lateral surface and angle of mandible
3) Action = Elevates and protracts mandible; prime mover of jaw closure

Question 17

What muscles are located near the TMJ and help maximize the efficiency fo the teeth while chewing or grinding foods of various

Answer 17

Medial and Lateral Ptergoid (winged-shaped) muscles.

Question 18

What is the action fo the Medial and Lateral Ptergoid?

Answer 18

Action: elevate and protract the mandible and move it from side to side during chewing.

Question 19

What are the components of Anaerobic Bacteria?

Answer 19

Bacteria cannot grow in the presence of oxygen and is often found in soil or feces.

Question 20

What is the danger of the Anaerobic Bacteria when it comes to muscles?

Answer 20

Produces deadly toxins that can alter the function of human muscles (excessive contraction or paralysis)

Question 21

What is the term for involuntary contraction ?

Answer 21

Tetany

Question 22

What is a toxigenic disease that often follows from a dirty puncture wound; resulting in involuntary muscles?

Answer 22

Tetanus?

Question 23

What toxigenic disease that usually affects the muscles that move the mandible first causing LOCK JAW?

Answer 23

Tetany

Question 24

What is the only Anterolateral neck muscle we will be talking about in this class?

Answer 24

Sternocleidomastoid

Question 25

What are the origin, insertion, and action of the sternocleidomastoid?

Answer 25

(a) Origin = manubrium and sternal ends of clavicles.
(b) Insertion = mastoid processes of temporal bones
(c) Action = when both contract, the head is pulled forward and down (flexion of cervical vertebrae and flexion of atlanto-occipital joint). When one contracts, it turns the head sideways in a direction opposite the side on which the contracting muscle is located (lateral flexion of the cervical vertebrae and rotation of the atlantoaxial joint).

Question 26

What are the two posterior neck muscles that well talk about in this class?

Answer 26

Splenius Capitus and Semispinalis Capitus

Question 27

What are the actions of the Splenius Captus and Semispinalis Capitus?

Answer 27

When both contract it pulls the head back and extends and hyperextends the cervical vertebrae. When one contracts it turns the head sideways in a direction towards the same side on which the contracting muscle is located.